Hnub no, muaj ntau yam kab mob paub tias cuam tshuam rau tes. Lawv tag nrho yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txawv kiag li. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog cov kab mob uas nrov tshaj plaws ntawm tes, cov npe uas tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no.
Kev mob
Feem ntau tes thiab tes raug mob yog txuam nrog kev tshuab lossis ntog. Yog tias koj muaj mob, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov ua rau mob thiab sau ntawv kho kom tsim nyog.
Ua ntej koj paub tias cov kab mob ntawm tes hu ua dab tsi, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog hom kev raug mob:
Tshuaj thiab torn ligaments. Muaj ntau ntau qhov kev puas tsuaj, tag nrho cov uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov mob hnyav. Thawj qib yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ib nrab, qhov mob tshwm sim thaum nplawm thiab txav mus. Hauv qib thib ob, qhov mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej muaj zog dua li thawj zaug; cov ligaments yog torn ib nrab los yog tag nrho. Tsis tas li ntawd, o thiab hematomas tshwm. Qhov thib peb degree yog tag nrho rupture ntawm ligaments. Kev txav mus los ua mob heev, qhov chaw raug mob swells, hematomas tshwm. Cov tsos mob yuavkoom ua npaws, mob taub hau thiab ua tsis taus pa
- Ntxawm. Nws tshwm sim ntau zaus, tib neeg tau siv los tsis muab nws ntau. Ib qho hematoma tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov raug mob, thiab txhais tes ua o. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim.
- Dislocation. Nrog rau qhov dislocation, qhov sib koom ua ke yog deformed, o yog tsim thiab mob tshwm, rhiab heev yog ploj ntawm tes.
- Pob txha pob txha ntawm tes. Thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim li sprained los yog bruised. Thaum cov duab ntawm cov pob txha qhib, lwm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tes kuj raug puas tsuaj, qhov qhib qhov txhab yog tsim vim cov pob txha tawg uas tshwm sim tom qab tawg.
Tendinitis
Tendinitis yog ib yam kab mob ntawm lub ligamentous apparatus. Qhov kev ua txhaum cai no tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ntau dhau, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tas li ntawm lub cev musculoskeletal; vim nquag microdamages ntawm ligaments; vim yog lub zog loads.
Cov tsos mob Tendinitis:
- Mob thaum lub sijhawm ua si, nrog rau kev ua kom lub cev muaj zog, nrog kev nyob ntev hauv txoj haujlwm zoo li qub - sawv.
- o ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam uas tshwm sim rau hnub kawg.
- Nco qhov kub ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke.
- yam ntxwv crunch thaum tsiv.
- Tshav kub tom qab kev ua haujlwm hnyav.
- Txhawj xeeb.
Kev kuaj tus kab mob no yog ua los ntawm tus kws phais mob orthopedic uas ua qhov kev kuaj thawj zaug thiabqhia qhov chaw cuam tshuam los ntawm palpation. Feem ntau, cov nqaij fibers nyob ib ncig ntawm cov pob qij txha thiab cov leeg yuav tsum elastic thiab du. Nrog tendonitis, lawv dhau los ua qhov nruj, loj rau qhov kov vim qhov mob, thiab sov. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum nias, qhov mob tshwm sim, uas tsis ploj mus ntev heev - los ntawm 2-5 vib nas this.
Tunnel Syndrome
Ib yam ntawm cov kab mob ntawm tes feem ntau yog carpal tunnel syndrome, lossis carpal tunnel syndrome. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov neeg uas feem ntau siv lub computer nas yog raug rau nws. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim vim compression ntawm cov hlab ntsha nruab nrab, thiab tshwm sim nws tus kheej ua ntej ntawm tes tsis muaj zog, loog loog thiab tingling ntawm cov ntiv tes. Tom qab ntawd muaj kev hnov mob thaum ua haujlwm ntawm lub khoos phis tawj thiab nrog lwm yam txhuam txhuam. Lub dab teg muaj ib qho chaw nqaim los ntawm cov leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha nruab nrab. Qhov chaw no hu ua carpal qhov, los yog qhov.
Cov paj hlwb nruab nrab yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nkag siab ntawm cov ntiv tes thiab rau kev cog lus ntawm cov leeg ua lub luag haujlwm rau kev txav ntawm peb tus ntiv tes: ntiv tes xoo, qhov taw qhia thiab nruab nrab. Pinching ntawm cov hlab ntsha nruab nrab tuaj yeem ua rau o, o ntawm cov leeg nyob ze, thiab sprains. Cov paj hlwb pib poob nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov ntshav ncig thiab cov metabolism hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tes kuj cuam tshuam, uas ua rau muaj qhov xwm txheej ntxiv. Cov no yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob tes (duab hauv qab).
Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, lub computer nas yog ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb culprits ntawm carpal qhov. Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm lub computerntau qhov rov ua dua yog ua los ntawm tib cov leeg nqaij, thaum khoov tes ntau dhau.
Deforming osteoarthritis ntawm tes pob qij txha
Thaum mob tshwm sim hauv cov pob qij txha ntawm tes lossis dystrophic deformation ntawm cov pob txha mos, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb kuaj: deforming osteoarthritis ntawm pob qij txha. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov pob qij txha thiab lawv lub zog. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob yog:
- overweight;
- laus;
- kev mob;
- psoriasis;
- hormonal imbalance;
- cuam tshuam cov metabolism;
- kev ua kis las tshaj lij.
Txhua hom kab mob no yog qhov mob ntawm qhov sib txawv, nrog rau cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- pronounced crunch, manifested thaum lub cev txav;
- kev txo qis hauv kev txav mus los;
- spasms ntawm cov leeg uas nyob ze ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam;
- maj mam deformity ntawm kev sib koom ua ke.
Thaum qhov kev kuaj mob no tau lees paub, txoj kev kho mob nyuaj tau raug sau tseg kom tshem tawm nws, tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog, zam kev tawm dag zog lub cev, thiab zam kev kho lub cev. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv loj ntawm tus kab mob, cov kws kho mob tau muab kev phais nrog ntxiv arthroplasty ntawm cov pob qij txha cuam tshuam.
YAseptic necrosis
Yuav AsepticKev sib koom ua ke necrosis yog ib yam kab mob uas ua haujlwm tas li cuam tshuam nrog kev raug mob rau qee cov pob txha thiab overstrain ntawm qee pawg ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Tus kab mob ntawm tes yog feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob txhais tes thiab pre-lub luj tshib zones. Muaj qee qhov laj thawj rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem no, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog:
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Qee zaum, nws tsis tuaj yeem tshawb pom qhov ua rau tus kab mob no. Hom kab mob no hu ua idiopathic thiab yuav tsum tau kuaj ntxiv.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob yog: atrophy ntawm cov leeg nqaij, txhav txav ntawm tes, mob hnyav, kev loj hlob sai ntawm tus kab mob. Aseptic necrosis yog thawj zaug kho nrog kev saib xyuas - cov no yog kev kho mob, tshuaj, massages, paraffin therapy, hydrogen sulfide da dej. Yog tias qhov kev kho mob no tsis pab, kev phais tau raug sau tseg, uas kuj tsis tas yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Tom qab kev phais, hmoov tsis zoo, feem ntau tsuas yog ua tau kom rov qab ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib koom ua ke.
De Quervain's disease
Ntawm txhua yam kab mob ntawm tes, kab mob ntau tshaj yog deKerven, uas tsim maj mam vim yog lub monotonous rov ua dua uas tshwm sim rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob no feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas raug mob ntawm tes. Cov neeg ntawm qee qhov kev ua haujlwm tas li ua tib yam kev txav tsuas yog nrog tus ntiv tes xoo. Qhov no ua rau kom maj mam thiab muaj zog nce siab ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov channel uas cov leeg hla. Tom qab ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, lub channel nqaim, thiab nrog lub monotonous txav ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo, muaj kev sib txhuam tsis tu ncua ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov channel. Qhov no ua rau cov tsos ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory nyob rau hauv cov leeg ntawm lub kwj dej. Thaum qhov kev sib txhuam nres, los yog lub siab normalizes, cov ntaub so ntswg yuav maj mam pib zoo, uas stenosis yuav loj hlob tom qab ib tug tej lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Cov kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg uas, thaum ua haujlwm, yuav tsum tau ua tib yam txhuam txhuam. Cov no suav nrog pianists, masons, milkmaids, launddresses, cashiers.
Ntau zaus uas muaj tus kab mob de Quervain, cov niam hluas kuj tuaj rau cov kws kho mob uas tsa lawv cov menyuam los ntawm cov caj npab, vim lawv tus ntiv tes xoo tau muab tso tseg thiab muaj kev nruj heev rau qee lub sijhawm. Koj tuaj yeem kawm txog qhov pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob ntawm tes los ntawm qee cov tsos mob. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem yog qhov mob rub ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo mus rau qhov kawg ntawm hnub ua haujlwm, thiab nrog lub teeb siab ntawm qhov chaw cuam tshuam, qhov mob yuav muaj zog dua.
Muaj ob qho kev saib xyuas thiab kev phaisde Quervain tus kab mob ntawm tes, tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, tus kws kho mob pom zoo kom tus neeg mob tshem tawm tag nrho cov yam uas ua rau cov tsos ntawm xws pathology. Yog hais tias lub ligament puas lawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov loads ntawm nws, ntxiv rau, cov kws kho mob feem ntau muab plaster splint rau ntawm qhov chaw puas, thiab plaster yog thov mus rau forearm.
Trigger finger syndrome
Trigger finger syndrome yog kev tshawb fawb hu ua Knott's disease. Tus kab mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm inflammatory kev hloov nyob rau hauv ligaments thiab tendons, vim hais tias ntawm no, qhov tseeb, ib tug phem nyem suab tshwm. Ua rau Knott tus kab mob muaj xws li:
- Kev ua haujlwm tshaj lij - nws tau paub ntev lawm tias cov kws ntaus nkauj thiab lwm tus kws tshaj lij uas niaj hnub siv cov txuj ci zoo ntawm lawv txhais tes yuav raug mob caj dab, mob caj dab thiab, raws li, Knott's disease.
- Kev raug mob thiab microtraumas maj mam rhuav tshem lub ntuj barrier ntawm ligamentous apparatus, uas ua rau lub zos o ntawm pob qij txha thiab tendons.
- Kab mob - cov kab mob pathological cuam tshuam rau cov phab ntsa vascular, cov kab mob musculoskeletal thiab cov kabmob sab hauv. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem inflammatory ntawm cov leeg flexor hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob los yog kab mob. Ib qho piv txwv zoo yog keeb kwm ntawm tuberculosis ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab pob txha.
- Hereditary predisposition - genetic yam, tendencies yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau ua rau musculoskeletal mob.
Gouty mob caj dab
Gouty mob caj dab, lossis tsuas yog gout, feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 50 xyoo, thiab tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim rau cov neeg hluas. Cov kab mob ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm ob txhais tes tshwm vim yog txuam nrog uric acid ntsev. Yog tias tus kab mob no tau tshwm sim, ces qhov no yuav luag ib txwm qhia txog kev ua neej tsis zoo ntawm tus neeg mob. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim tam sim ntawd ntawm ob lossis, qhov sib txawv, tsuas yog ntawm ib sab tes. Tej zaum kuj tshwm sim ntawm ob txhais ceg.
Cov tsos mob ntawm gout yog qhov nyuaj heev rau nco: cov ntiv tes o thiab loj dua, hnov mob ntse, qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw mob nce. Feem ntau tus neeg mob xav tias qaug zog thiab qaug zog tas li. Nyob rau hauv tsawg thiab hnyav dua, qhov kub thiab txias nce. Qhov mob hnyav thaum hmo ntuj, tiv thaiv kev pw tsaug zog. Txhawm rau pib tawm tsam tus kab mob ntawm tes ntawm tus neeg, nws tsim nyog mus noj zaub mov. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom noj uas muaj ntau cov purines.
Cov khoom qab zib, cawv, nqaij liab, khoom noj ceev, sorrel thiab offal yuav tsum raug tshem tawm. Koj tuaj yeem ua tiav daim ntawv koj tus kheej. Yeej, nws tsim nyog noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ntau yam zaub, ntshiv nqaij dawb, nqaij ntshiv, khoom noj siv mis. Nws kuj tseem pom zoo kom noj cov zaub mov uas muaj calorie tsawg. Nco ntsoov haus dej kom ntau.
Rheumatoid mob caj dab
Rheumatoid mob caj dab cuam tshuam rau pob txha thiab pob txha mos. Thaum nws loj tuaj, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis lees paub cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv, pom lawv txawv teb chaws. Yog tias kuaj pom tus kab mob ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm ob txhais tes thiab ntiv tes, nws tseem ceeb heev kom pib kho, txij li kev kho mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum ntxov, thiab yog tias tus kab mob no tau tso cai rau thawj zaug. Lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, qhov tshwm sim yog tuag taus, cov pob qij txha pib deform.
Yeej, cov txheej txheem rov qab tau ncua sijhawm ntev, thiab qee zaum rau lub neej. Thaum kho, koj yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj tsis tu ncua, ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab kho lub cev. Yog tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, kev phais yuav raug pom zoo.
Hauv kev kho mob siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, glucocorticosteroids, corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv muaj kev ua haujlwm enzymatic, thiab tseem txhim kho cov khoom ntawm cov ntshav. Yog tias xav tau kev phais sai sai, tom qab ntawd ib qho synovectomy lossis tag nrho kev sib koom tes hloov pauv.
Kev kho lub cev thiab kev tawm dag zog muaj xws li kev tawm dag zog tshwj xeeb, nrog rau ultraphonophoresis, hlau nplaum thiab electrophoresis.
Kev kho mob raws sij hawm yog tus yuam sij rau kev sib koom ua ke zoo, nrog rau kev tshem tawm cov kab mob tseem ceeb.
YSystemic lupus erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus yog ib hom kab mob autoimmune nyuaj. Qhov xwm ntawm tus kab mob tseem tsis tau kawm. Cov kws kho mob feem ntau ntseeg hais tias tus kab mob no tshwm sim vim muaj tus kab mob, uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pib tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv. Ob txhais tes pib mob thiab mus loog. Cov pob qij txha me yog o. Muaj ntau yam ua rau muaj tus kab mob:
heredity, txij li thaum muaj cov noob predisposed rau no pathology;
raug UV ntau dhau;
kev ua txhaumhormonal tshuav nyiaj li cas;
khaub thuas thiab kab mob sib kis;
tus cwj pwm phem;
noj tej yam tshuaj muaj zog;
kev phem ib puag ncig
Cov pob qij txha me me ntawm tes thiab dab teg raug cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob. Cov phalanges ntawm cov ntiv tes o thiab symmetrically deform. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntau txoj hauv kev: los ntawm qhov mob me me mus rau qhov mob hnyav.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob ntawm tes: mob nkees, kub taub hau, o ntawm pob qij txha, mob ib ce, atrophy ntawm cov leeg ntawm tes, pob khaus tawv nqaij, tsis qab los noj mov.
Kev kho mob yog nqa tawm hauv qhov nyuaj, nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus txheej txheem:
- Yog tias tus kab mob me me, siv cov tshuaj uas tsis yog steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs).
- Kev qaug zog, tawv nqaij tawv nqaij, siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Programmed hemodialysis yog siv rau cov neeg mob uas muaj teeb meem loj.
Kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau lupus yog kev kho mob corticosteroid, vim nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv kab mob. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kev kho mob tas li txhawm rau kho cov txheej txheem kho mob.
Raynaud's Syndrome
Raynaud's syndrome yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm Raynaud's kab mob (npe tom qab tus kws tshawb fawb uas pom tus kab mob no). Nws manifests nws tus kheej raws li ib tug ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav ncig nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm cov ntiv tes thiab cov ntiv taw, ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, convulsive mob vim tsis muaj oxygen. Kev faib tawm ntawm Raynaud's syndrome yog sawv cev los ntawm daim ntawv thawj thiab thib obua txhaum cai:
- Primary tshwm sim raws li qhov tshwm sim mob tshwm sim cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm pathological yam ntawm sab nraud lossis sab hauv ib puag ncig. Tom qab qhov ua rau ntawm CSF poob lawm, cov ntshav hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha tau rov qab los thaum kawg.
- Qhov thib ob yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob, uas ua rau lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav ntshav. Piv txwv li, ntshav qab zib.
Symptomatic complex ntawm cov kab mob ntawm tes thiab ntiv tes yog yam ntxwv ntawm hom kab mob no thiab tshwm sim nws tus kheej:
- Hloov cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij - los ntawm dawb mus rau xiav.
- o ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam.
- Neurological abnormalities - convulsions, tingling, tshee.
- Kev hloov pauv hauv cov hlab ntsha pom tseeb (pom ntawm CT).
