Granulocytes - yog dab tsi? Granulocytes hauv cov ntshav: nce, txo qis, zoo li qub

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Granulocytes - yog dab tsi? Granulocytes hauv cov ntshav: nce, txo qis, zoo li qub
Granulocytes - yog dab tsi? Granulocytes hauv cov ntshav: nce, txo qis, zoo li qub

Video: Granulocytes - yog dab tsi? Granulocytes hauv cov ntshav: nce, txo qis, zoo li qub

Video: Granulocytes - yog dab tsi? Granulocytes hauv cov ntshav: nce, txo qis, zoo li qub
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Hauv kev kuaj ntshav, ib qho taw qhia feem ntau pom qhov twg granulocytes tau qhia - cov no yog cov hu ua cov qe dawb, lossis cov leukocytes granular. Los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom no, nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas tus neeg mob kom raug. Nrog rau txhua yam mob, biomaterial ntawm cov qe ntshav yog raug rau kev soj ntsuam kuaj.

Vim li cas koj thiaj li yuav tsum txiav txim siab suav

Hauv kev kuaj ntshav, granulocytes yog qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas qhov dav ntawm lub cev. Txhua tus txheej txheem ntawm o yog nrog los ntawm ib tug ntse nce nyob rau hauv tus naj npawb ntawm granular lub cev. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem kuaj pom ua ntej kev loj hlob ntawm cov mob hnyav raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj sim.

granulocytes yog
granulocytes yog

Cov txiaj ntsig tau tseeb tshaj plaws tau txais ntawm cov khoom siv tsis siv neeg, tshem tawm qhov yuam kev vim tsis muaj kev paub txog cov neeg ua haujlwm. Hauv cov txheej txheem kev sim tshiab kawg, cov txiaj ntsig tau feem ntau muab rau hauv cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntawv luv, uas yuav tsum tau txhais los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob. Kom yooj yim rau kev nkag siab, cov lus tau sau tseg hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, uas yuav txawv ntawm cov chaw kuaj mob sib txawv.

Ntxiv rau cov granulocytes, lwm yam ntshav tsis tau muab rau hauv cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb: hemoglobin, platelets, erythrocytes, thiab lwm yam.sau ib daim ntawv qhia ntxaws txog txhua theem ntawm tus kab mob. Yog tias tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob yuav xa tus neeg mus kuaj ntxiv kom paub meej tias qhov kev kuaj mob xav tau.

muaj hom dab tsi?

Granulocytes yog (lawv suav nrog basophils, eosinophils thiab neutrophils) tib neeg cov hlwb tiv thaiv. Thaum saib nyob rau hauv siab magnification, lub granular qauv ntawm cov qe ntshav yuav pom. Hauv lub cev, lawv tsim ntau dua 50% ntawm tag nrho cov qe ntshav dawb.

granulocytes nce ua rau
granulocytes nce ua rau

Granulocytes yog cov ntshav hauv qab no:

  • basophils, uas yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob;
  • eosinophils uas nqus qhov me me ntawm txawv teb chaws suav nrog hauv tib neeg lub cev;
  • neutrophils yog lub ntsiab tiv thaiv ntawm tib neeg cov ntshav, rhuav tshem cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Lawv kuj hu ua leukocytes.

Rau qhov kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm tib neeg lub cev xav tau ntau tus neutrophils. Basophils, ntawm qhov tod tes, tsis nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus, lawv txoj haujlwm yog qhia txog qhov muaj cov khoom txawv teb chaws hauv lub sijhawm. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov ntsiab lus hauv cov ntshav yog tsawg.

cov qe ntshav dawb yog dab tsi?

Lub ntsiab granulocytes yog neutrophils, txwv tsis pub hu ua leukocytes. Lawv txoj haujlwm yog tshem tawm lub cev ntawm cov kab mob hauv qab no: kab mob, kab mob, kab mob. Kev nce ntawm lawv tus lej qhia txog kev tawm tsam kev sib kis thiab tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov npe ntawm cov kab mob.

granulocytes yog neutrophils
granulocytes yog neutrophils

Kab mob yuav muajsab hauv, yog li ntawd, tsis muaj kws kho mob, nws yuav nyuaj rau nrhiav qhov chaw ntawm qhov mob, thiab thaum tsis muaj kev kawm kho mob, ib tus tuaj yeem tsis meej pem hauv cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus. Leukocytes yog inhibited thiab tuag nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj muaj zog. Qhov no yuav tsum nco ntsoov thiab ua ntej kev xeem, koj yuav tsum tau so ntawm kev noj tshuaj.

Tsis tas li, cov leukocytes txo qis hauv cov xwm txheej uas ib tus neeg muaj kab mob ntshav. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov hlwb dawb yog txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov kab mob pathogenic los ntawm kev nqus. Yog li ntawd, lub cev tiv thaiv tuag. Ua ntej lawv txhim kho lub peev xwm no, lawv tau dhau los ua kev loj hlob.

Leukocytes (neutrophils) yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov pob txha pob txha. Qee tus ntawm lawv ib txwm nyob hauv qhov chaw parietal ntawm cov hlab ntsha, tus so tas li mus ncig ntawm lub cev. Lawv lub neej lub sij hawm yog li ntawm 7 hnub hauv cov ntshav. Hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, lub neej luv luv thiab tsis pub dhau 2 hnub.

YEosinophilic leukocytes

Hauv kev tshawb fawb, cov qe ntshav tau stained nrog cov xim tshwj xeeb. Thiab pawg no ntawm granulocytes yog li hu ua vim yog siv eosin. Cov kua qaub dye tsuas yog ua rau lub cev muaj npe. Thiab qhov kev hloov ntawm cov xim kuj tseem yuav tsum tau vim tias cov qauv ntawm cov nplej ntawm eosinophils yog qhov muag plooj, nws nyuaj rau kev paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv thaum lawv loj heev.

granulocytes hauv cov ntshav yog nce
granulocytes hauv cov ntshav yog nce

Yog cov granulocytes hauv cov ntshav nce siab, ces peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj. Feem ntau, cov me me lub cev sib sau ua ke tom qab kis kab mob ntawm lub cev nrog cov kab mob cab. Eosinophils zoo tua cov kab mob pathological - antigen-tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov kawg tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab mob txawv teb chaws.

White body - scouts

Kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev yog txhawb nqa los ntawm basophils. Thaum kuaj pom cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob, cov kab mob scout ua rau cov ntshav khiav thiab ua kom cov kua dej ntws mus rau hauv qhov chaw mob.

dab tsi yog granulocytes
dab tsi yog granulocytes

Yog tias granulocytes nce siab, qhov ua rau tus mob no yog raws li hauv qab no:

  • tshuaj lom neeg ntawm tus neeg;
  • tshuaj lom nrog tshuaj lom, khoom noj tsis zoo;
  • noj cov tshuaj uas ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj tsis haum (eosinophils yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm anaphylactic shock);
  • xav rau tshuaj muaj zog.

Eosinophils muaj peev xwm yaj cov tshuaj tsis haum vim vitamin E, uas muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nws raug tso tawm sab nraud kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov khoom txawv teb chaws hauv tib neeg lub cev, vim tias, los ntawm txoj kev, kev poob siab tshwm sim. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qe dawb no yog lub peev xwm nyob sab nraud ntawm cov hlab ntsha.

ntsuas

Yog tias granulocytes nce siab, yog vim li cas thiaj kis tau tus kab mob thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas qhia txog qhov muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov qauv hauv thaj tsam ntawm 1.2 txog 6.8 los ntawm 10 mus rau 9th degree. Tag nrho cov lej no yuav tsis hloov pauv, tab sis qhov piv ntawm neutrophils, basophils, lymphocytes thiab eosinophils txawv. Qhov taw qhia yog qhia raws li feem pua:

  1. Basophils nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog: txog li 1 xyoos ntawm 0.4 txog 0.9%, mus txog 21 xyoo los ntawm 0.6 txog1%.
  2. Eosinophils muaj cov qauv ntawm 120 txog 350 rau 1 ml ntawm cov ntshav. Thaum sawv ntxov, tus nqi ntawm tus nqi siab tshaj 15% ntawm lub xeev ib txwm, nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm hmo ntuj - los ntawm 30%. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tshwm sim nrog kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog adrenal.
  3. Ib txwm neutrophils tuaj yeem stab - tsis tshaj 6% thiab segmented - tsis tshaj 70%, tab sis tsis tsawg dua 40%.

Leukocyte lymphocytes yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tiv thaiv

Kev tiv thaiv tib neeg tau piav qhia los ntawm ob yam. Cov no suav nrog leukocytes thiab ntxiv siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob granulocytes - cov no yog cov lymphocytes, uas yog cov qe ntshav dawb. Lawv tua cov kab mob, kab mob qog noj ntshav, kab mob. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov khoom txawv teb chaws, cov ntawv cog lus ruaj khov yog tsim, hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov no yog qhov kev tiv thaiv ruaj khov tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob los ntawm tib lub hlwb raug tsim.

granulocytes yog lymphocytes
granulocytes yog lymphocytes

Thaum nyeem cov ntawv sau tseg ntawm kev sim, cov neeg mob feem ntau muaj lus nug: nce leukocytes thiab txo qis lymphocytes-granulocytes - qhov no txhais li cas? Teb rau nws, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm lwm cov ntshav tsis txaus thiab tus neeg mob cov lus tsis txaus siab thiab txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob kom tau txais daim duab txhim khu kev qha ntawm tus mob.

Cov lej lymphocyte qis yog cuam tshuam nrog qee yam:

  1. Tshuaj, kws khomob, kev kawm oncology. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis zoo rau cov qe ntshav: penicillin, sulfanilamide.
  2. Kev txhim kho ntawm agranulocytosis.
  3. Anemia (nws yog nrog los ntawm kev txo qis hauv lymphocytes thiab hemoglobin).
  4. Ntau yamhom kab mob kis kab mob: herpes, kab mob siab, tuberculosis, influenza.
  5. mob hauv lub cev.
  6. Irradiation ntawm ib tug neeg uas muaj ionizing nthwv dej (tus mob no hu ua hluav taws xob mob).
  7. Lwm yam kev ua txhaum cai: raug hluav taws xob, lom, raug mob.

Tus nqi nce ntxiv

Thaum cov qauv ntawm granulocytes dhau lawm, kev kuaj pom tsim nyog tau tsim. Yog li, eosinophilia tau pom nyob rau hauv cov npe loj ntawm cov kab mob: leukemia, qog tsim, ua xua, hluav taws xob, lub plawv tsis zoo. Tus mob no yuav tsum tau kho, thiab kev rov qab los ntawm qhov ntsuas yuav tshwm sim thaum qhov mob dhau mus.

granulocytes yog ib tug ntawm lawv
granulocytes yog ib tug ntawm lawv

Neutrophilia yog tsim los tom qab txiav txim siab tsis zoo. Cov txiaj ntsig loj, piv txwv li, qhia txog kev kis kab mob thiab purulent o hauv lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, granulocytes nce nrog myocardial infarction thiab lom tom qab kab tom.

Basophilia tshwm sim nrog tshuaj lom lossis lom, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog. Cov txiaj ntsig loj ntawm granulocytes qhia txog cov protein saturation ntawm cov ntshav, uas txhais tau hais tias lub cev tawm tsam txawv teb chaws lub cev.

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