Albumin yog lub cev cov protein tseem ceeb. Nws ua rau ntau tshaj 65% ntawm tag nrho cov plasma proteins. Ua nyob rau hauv daim siab hlwb, nws raug tso tawm mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav mus txuas ntxiv ua nws functions. Albumin yog ib hom kev qhia txog kab mob ntawm daim siab thiab ob lub raum. Nws yog nws qhov txo qis uas feem ntau pom hauv kev kuaj ntshav.
Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav pom cov kab mob dab tsi zais tom qab kab lus "tsawg albumin" thiab yuav ua li cas nrog lawv.
Ntau ntshav concentration
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm albumin hauv lub cev hloov pauv nrog tib neeg lub hnub nyoog:
- under 14 - 38–54 g/l;
- 14-60 xyoo - 35-50g / l;
- over 60 - 34-48 g/l.
Ntxiv rau albumin, cov ntshav kuj muaj cov protein globulin. Nws tus nqi yog me ntsis tsawg dua li cov albumin. Nws yog ob feem uas muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov protein nyob rau hauv lub cev.
Tus mob thaum albumin qis hauv cov ntshav hu ua hypoalbuminemia. Feem ntau ntawm tib yamlub sijhawm muaj kev nce qib ntawm globulins. Cov tsos mob no hu ua dysproteinemia.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb
Yuav kom nkag siab meej txog dab tsi tshwm sim hauv tib neeg lub cev thaum albumins qis, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov qauv protein no. Nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no:
- Txoj cai ntawm osmotic siab, vim cov ntshav ntws los ntawm lub txaj vascular tsis nkag mus rau cov hlwb. Qhov no tiv thaiv lawv o thiab kev puas tsuaj. Nws kuj tiv thaiv cov kua los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
- Reserve zog hauv lub cev. Nrog kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus ntawm cov carbohydrates thiab cov rog rog, albumins raug rhuav tshem rau lub zog xav tau ntawm lub cev.
- Qee cov tshuaj tuaj yeem txav mus rau hauv cov ntshav tsuas yog thaum khi rau albumins. Cov no yog fatty acids, vitamins, qee cov tshuaj hormones, tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Kev tswj cov kua qaub-puag.
- Txo qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov dawb radicals ntawm lub cev.
Yog vim li cas thiaj poob
Txhua qhov ua rau qis albumin hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau pawg:
- koom nrog kev noj cov protein tsis txaus;
- resulting los ntawm malabsorption;
- nrog tsis txaus cov protein synthesis;
- xav tau ntau ntxiv rau albumin;
- poob protein ntau.
Kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus ntawm cov protein hauv lub cev tshwm sim, raws li txoj cai, nrog kev noj zaub mov nruj dhau thiab kev tshaib plab. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov teeb meem no yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg tsis noj nqaij, vim muaj cov protein ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauvnqaij.
Albumin malabsorption tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov (duodenal ulcer, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, enteritis) lossis protein-digesting enzyme deficiency (pancreatitis, congenital trypsin deficiency).
Kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau albumin tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub.
Kev txo qis hauv cov protein synthesis tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob siab mob hnyav tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm daim siab tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog ua tau nrog kab mob siab ntawm ntau yam etiologies, cawv cirrhosis, thawj cirrhosis biliary cirrhosis (genetic pathology).
Ntau cov protein ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua tau nyob rau ntau qhov xwm txheej:
- ntau dhau ntawm albumin hauv cov zis nrog nce permeability ntawm capillaries ntawm ob lub raum (glomerulonephritis);
- nrog cov protein ntau ntau los ntawm lub raum tubules (Fanconi syndrome).
Kev txo qis hauv cov protein ntau
Txhua lub xeev saum toj no, thaum albumin qis, yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lawv lub sijhawm. Feem ntau ntawm lawv xav tau kev kho mob mus sij hawm ntev. Tab sis muaj qee lub sij hawm thaum cov protein txo qis rau lub sijhawm luv luv thiab sai sai rov qab mus rau qhov qub tom qab qhov ua rau raug tshem tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no, qhov txo qis hauv albumin yog txuam nrog lawv cov kev lwj. Cov kab mob no suav nrog:
- mob kis kab mob thiab mob ntev;
- ntshav poob zoo;
- raug mob hnyav;
- cheeb tsam kub kub;
- kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- qhov txhab dav;
- mob siabinsufficiency nrog kev loj hlob ntawm edema;
- txo qis hauv cov pa oxygen rau cov ntaub so ntswg (hypoxia).
Symptoms
Lub cim tseem ceeb uas albumin qis yog kev loj hlob ntawm edema. Muaj ntau cov txheej txheem uas pab paub qhov txawv ntawm edema nrog txo qis ntawm cov protein los ntawm cov uas muaj lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm. Thawj yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tsos, pib los ntawm saum toj no: hauv qab lub qhov muag, ntawm lub ntsej muag, tom qab ntawd ntawm caj npab, lub cev thiab qhov kawg ntawm tag nrho cov ceg. Lawv tshwm sim thaum sawv ntxov, tam sim ntawd tom qab sawv. Cov tawv nqaij tshaj qhov edema yog sov thiab liab rau qhov kov.
Lub plawv edema tshwm nyob rau hnub kawg. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem, lawv loj hlob ntawm ob txhais ceg, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus lawv ncav cuag lub ntsej muag. Cov tawv nqaij saum lawv yog txias, cyanotic.
Ntxiv rau qhov edema, muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm hypoalbuminemia. Txij li feem ntau yog vim li cas albumins hauv cov ntshav qis qis yog kab mob raum, ces nws yuav tau tham ntxiv txog nws.
Glomerulonephritis yog ib qho kab mob ntawm lub raum ntawm qhov xwm txheej autoimmune. Nrog nws, muaj ntau dhau ntawm cov protein ntau hauv lub cev vim muaj qhov permeability ntawm cov tubules ntawm lub raum capillaries. Kev txo qis hauv qib ntawm albumin hauv cov ntshav hauv cov kab mob no yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob nephrotic syndrome. Tus mob no kuj yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm:
- nce qib roj cholesterol;
- mob hnyav thoob plaws lub cev;
- dysproteinemia;
- ntshav me me hauv zis.
Diagnosis
Txhim kho qhov txo qisKev kuaj mob albumin pib nrog kev sib tham kom ntxaws. Tus kws kho mob pom tus neeg mob qhov kev tsis txaus siab, nws xav tias nws tus kheej mob ntev npaum li cas, cov tsos mob tshwm sim li cas. Koj kuj yuav tsum paub seb cov kab mob dab tsi tom ntej ntawm cov txheeb ze tau muaj, vim qee qhov laj thawj uas albumin qis yog kev xeeb tub.
Tom qab tham nrog tus neeg mob, tus kws kho mob mus rau qhov kev kuaj mob. Thaum kuaj xyuas hypoalbuminemia, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau kuaj xyuas edema. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tus kws kho mob nias nws tus ntiv tes xoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm sab xub ntiag ntawm sab ceg kom tus ntiv tes kov cov pob txha. Ces nws maj mam tshem nws. Yog ib lub qhov nyob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ces muaj o.
Ntawm cov txheej txheem kuaj, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kuaj ntshav biochemical. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb, qib ntawm albumin yog txiav txim siab ua ke nrog globulins thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tag nrho cov protein. Kev txo qis hauv albumin qis dua 35 g / l qhia tias hypoalbuminemia.
Tsis tas li qhov yuav tsum tau ua yog kuaj cov zis dav dav thiab kev tshuaj xyuas los txiav txim siab cov protein ntau txhua hnub. Lub xub ntiag ntawm tom kawg hauv cov zis yog hu ua proteinuria. Nov yog ib qho qhia tseeb ntawm kab mob raum.
kev kho tsis yog tshuaj
Qhov ua rau qis albumin tuaj yeem kho nrog tshuaj nrog rau txoj kev tsis siv tshuaj.
Qhov kawg yuav tsum suav nrog kev hloov pauv kev noj haus. Qhov no txhais tau tias noj cov zaub mov uas muaj protein ntau. Cov no yog cov khoom xws li:
- nceb;
- qe qaib;
- tsev cheese;
- cheese nyuaj;
- seafood;
- fish;
- legumes;
- qos.
Yog tias kuaj tau cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov, kev noj zaub mov suav nrog cov khoom noj uas tiv thaiv cov mucous ntawm lub plab thiab cov hnyuv. Cov no yog cov khoom lactic acid, flax noob.
kev kho mob
Yog tias ib qho mob uas albumin txo qis tau pom ntev los yog nrog los ntawm edema, koj yuav tsum nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham. Nws yuav sau cov txheej txheem ntxiv ntawm kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho tshuaj tsim nyog. Raws li txoj cai, kev xaiv ntawm pawg tshuaj nyob ntawm qhov ua rau txo qis hauv albumin.
Yog li, nrog kev puas tsuaj rau lub raum thiab daim siab ntawm qhov xwm txheej autoimmune, glucocorticoids thiab cytostatics tau sau tseg. Lawv inhibit lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv cov hlwb ntawm lawv lub cev.
Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm kab mob siab kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj hepatoprotectors.
Yog tus neeg mob muaj tus kab mob, nws tau muab tso rau hauv drips nrog cov tshuaj electrolyte los kho cov dej-alkaline tshuav nyiaj li cas.
Nrog cov ntshav poob loj, tag nrho cov ntshav thiab ntshav ntshav tuaj yeem ua tau.
Ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm qhov ua rau qis albumin, cov tshuaj tau muab tshuaj uas tuaj yeem txo qhov mob hnyav ntawm edematous syndrome. Rau qhov no, diuretics yog siv. Lawv nce diuresis, pab ua kom cov kua dej tawm nrog raum.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Txo albumin yog qhov hnyavSyndrome xav tau kev mob siab rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob. Yog li ntawd, nws yooj yim dua los tiv thaiv nws txoj kev loj hlob dua li kho nws. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, ua cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- kho mob raws sijhawm, kab mob autoimmune;
- ua kom koj cov zaub mov muaj protein ntau txaus;
- tsis tu ncua (tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug) mus kuaj mob, dhau kev kuaj ntshav biochemical los txiav txim siab qib protein.
Yog tias koj ua raws li cov cai yooj yim no, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim hypoalbuminemia.
