Hom hluav taws xob poob siab, kev pab thawj zaug, qhov tshwm sim

Cov txheej txheem:

Hom hluav taws xob poob siab, kev pab thawj zaug, qhov tshwm sim
Hom hluav taws xob poob siab, kev pab thawj zaug, qhov tshwm sim

Video: Hom hluav taws xob poob siab, kev pab thawj zaug, qhov tshwm sim

Video: Hom hluav taws xob poob siab, kev pab thawj zaug, qhov tshwm sim
Video: Qhia Khawv Koob Tshuab Pob Ntseg Nrov Leej Tiag Tiag 5/28/2023 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Txheeb cais qhia tias hluav taws xob poob qis yog tshwm sim hauv tsev thiab tom haujlwm. Yuav tiv thaiv koj tus kheej li cas thiab yuav ua li cas thaum hluav taws xob poob?

Kev raug mob hluav taws xob yog dab tsi?

Qhov hluav taws xob poob qis yog qhov tsawg, tab sis tib lub sijhawm lawv yog cov raug mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Nrog rau qhov mob no, qhov tshwm sim tuag tau tshwm sim - kev txheeb cais qhia tias nws tshwm sim nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm 10% ntawm kev raug mob. Qhov tshwm sim no yog txuam nrog cov nyhuv ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no ntawm lub cev. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov kws tshaj lij uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov kws tshaj lij hluav taws xob tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau pawg neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo, tab sis kev sib tsoo ntawm cov neeg uas tau ntsib qhov teeb meem tam sim no hauv lub neej niaj hnub lossis ntawm ntu ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob tsis raug txiav tawm. Raws li txoj cai, qhov ua rau ntawm qhov swb yog teeb meem kev lag luam lossis tsis ua raws li cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb.

hom hluav taws xob poob siab
hom hluav taws xob poob siab

Tim hluav taws xob

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev thiab nws cov qib yuav txawv. Kev faib tawm ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab yog raws li cov yam ntxwv no.

hluav taws xob hlawv

Burnhluav taws xob poob siab yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau raug mob. Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm xws li kev raug mob. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg rau hauv daim ntawv tiv tauj, thaum ib tug hluav taws xob tam sim no dhau los ntawm lub cev raws li kev sib cuag nrog ib qhov chaw. Ib qho arc lesion kuj txawv, uas tam sim no nws tus kheej tsis dhau ncaj qha los ntawm lub cev. Cov nyhuv pathological yog txuam nrog hluav taws xob arc. Yog tias muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau piav qhia saum toj no, qhov mob no hu ua sib xyaw.

Electroophthalmia

Hluav taws xob arc tsis tsuas yog hlawv, tab sis kuj irradiates lub qhov muag (qhov no yog qhov chaw ntawm UV rays). Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim, qhov mob ntawm conjunctiva tshwm sim, kev kho mob tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev. Txhawm rau zam qhov tshwm sim no, kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab ua raws li cov cai rau kev ua haujlwm nrog nws cov peev txheej yog tsim nyog.

Metalization

Ntawm cov hom kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, metallization ntawm daim tawv nqaij sawv tawm nrog nws cov yam ntxwv kho mob, uas tshwm sim vim kev nkag mus ntawm cov hlau hais melted nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no. Lawv yog cov tsawg tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv loj, nkag mus rau hauv lub nto txheej ntawm lub epithelium ntawm qhib qhov chaw. Pathology tsis tuag. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim sai sai ploj mus, daim tawv nqaij kis tau cov xim physiological, thiab qhov mob nres.

Cov paib hluav taws xob

Qhov kub thiab tshuaj lom neeg ua rau tsim cov cim tshwj xeeb. Lawv muaj lub ntsej muag ntse thiab xim los ntawm grey mus rau yellowish. Cov duab ntawm cov cim tuaj yeem yog oval lossis puag ncig, nrog rauzoo li kab thiab dots. Cov tawv nqaij hauv cheeb tsam no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm necrosis. Nws ua hardened vim necrosis ntawm txheej txheej. Vim yog kev tuag ntawm tes hauv lub sijhawm tom qab raug mob, tsis muaj kev tsis txaus siab ntawm cov lus tsis txaus siab. Cov kab mob ploj tom qab qee lub sijhawm vim muaj cov txheej txheem tsim dua tshiab, thaum daim tawv nqaij tau txais cov xim ntuj thiab elasticity. Hom kev raug mob no muaj ntau heev thiab feem ntau tsis tuag.

Mechanical puas

Lawv tshwm sim nrog kev raug ncua ntev rau tam sim no. Mechanical kev raug mob yog yam ntxwv los ntawm ruptures ntawm cov leeg thiab ligaments, uas tshwm sim vim cov leeg nro. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pob neurovascular tseem raug puas tsuaj, thiab kev raug mob hnyav xws li pob txha thiab ua tiav dislocations kuj tau. Yuav tsum muaj kev pab loj dua thiab tsim nyog yog tias muaj hluav taws xob poob siab nrog lub chaw kho mob zoo li no. Yog tias muaj kev pab cuam tsis raws sijhawm lossis raug cuam tshuam ntev, qhov tshwm sim ua rau tuag taus.

Raws li txoj cai, hom npe tsis tshwm sim cais, tab sis ua ke. Qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev pab thawj zaug thiab kev kho mob ntxiv.

Dab tsi txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob?

qhov ntsuas no nyob ntawm tsis yog nyob ntawm lub zog, lub sijhawm thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tam sim no, tab sis kuj nyob ntawm lub cev tsis kam. Cov tawv nqaij thiab cov pob txha muaj qhov ntsuas siab tsis kam, thaum lub siab thiab tus po, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, muaj qhov ntsuas tsis zoo. Kev qaug zog thiab qaug zog ntawm lub cev ua rau txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv, yog li, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, qhov tshwm sim tuag feem ntau yog. Moist ntawm daim tawv nqaij kuj pab txhawb rau qhov nokhaub ncaws ntub dej. Cov khaub ncaws thiab khau ua los ntawm tawv, txhob lo lo ntxhuav, ntaub plaub thiab roj hmab yuav pab tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, raws li lawv yuav ua raws li ib tug insulator. Nws yog cov xwm txheej no uas cuam tshuam rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws xob poob.

hluav taws xob poob siab
hluav taws xob poob siab

Txhais tau

Hluav taws xob tam sim no ua rau ntau yam kev puas tsuaj. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws ua rau lub paj hlwb, vim hais tias lub cev muaj zog kev ua si thiab rhiab heev zuj zus. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov kab mob pathological. Piv txwv li, convulsions loj heev thiab tsis nco qab yuav ua rau tuag vim ua pa nres. Tom qab txuag tus neeg raug tsim txom, cov kab mob sib sib zog nqus ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb qee zaum raug sau tseg. Hom hluav taws xob tseem ceeb ua rau qhov no.

Kev raug rau lub plawv kuj tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus, vim tias tam sim no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo thiab ua rau fibrillation. Cardiomyocytes pib ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua, vim tias qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab nqus dej ploj, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg tsis tau txais cov pa oxygen los ntawm cov ntshav. Qhov no ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm hypoxia. Lwm qhov teeb meem loj heev yog vascular ruptures, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag los ntawm kev poob ntshav.

Cov leeg nqaij feem ntau ncav cuag lub zog uas ua rau tus txha nraub qaum yog ua tau, thiab yog li ntawd, kev puas tsuaj rau tus txha caj qaum. Ntawm ib feem ntawm lub cev kev nkag siab, muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm tactile rhiab heev, tinnitus, hnov lus tsis zoo, kev puas tsuaj rau pob ntseg thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm pob ntseg nruab nrab.

Cov teeb meem tsis tshwm sim tam sim ntawd. Txawm tias luv luv raug hluav taws xob poob siabyuav ua rau nws paub yav tom ntej. Cov txiaj ntsig ntev - arrhythmias, endarteritis, atherosclerosis. Los ntawm sab ntawm lub paj hlwb, neuritis, vegetative pathologies thiab encephalopathy tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev cog lus tuaj yeem ua tau. Qhov no yog vim li cas kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb.

degree ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab
degree ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab

Yog vim li cas

Lub ntsiab etiological yog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tam sim no. Cov xwm txheej ntxiv yog lub xeev ntawm lub cev thiab qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Hluav taws xob poob siab feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tsis raug lossis tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov xov hlau. Cov pab pawg muaj kev pheej hmoo suav nrog cov haujlwm uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm tam sim no. Txawm li cas los xij, hluav taws xob raug mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau leej twg. Cov xwm txheej ntawm kev swb hauv lub neej niaj hnub tsis yog qhov tsis tshua muaj, tab sis lawv feem ntau xaus zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntu ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov xov hlau liab qab yog nquag ntawm cov kab mob zoo li no. Kev ceev faj thiab kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb yuav tiv thaiv cov xwm txheej zoo li no.

220v ua
220v ua

Kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm hluav taws xob raug mob

Cov tsos mob nyob ntawm seb hom kev raug mob, thaum lawv txoj kev ua haujlwm raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov lus piav qhia ntawm kev raug mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tsev kho mob nyob ntawm qhov hnyav. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws ua haujlwm sib txawv ntawm kev ua pa, lub paj hlwb thiab cov hlab plawv. Tus neeg raug mob hnyav heev. Tus cwj pwm kev txom nyem tshwm sim ntawm lub ntsej muag, thiab daim tawv nqaij ua daj ntseg. Nyob rau hauv cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm tam sim no, cov leeg nqaij contraction tshwm sim, los ntawm lub sij hawm uastuav rawv lawv tej kev ncaj ncees. Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis nco qab, thiab hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav dua, kev tuag. Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yuav pab tiv thaiv tus mob no.

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tam sim no ntawm lub cev

Kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv lub cev raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm tam sim no cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam ntawm nws qhov cuam tshuam. Nws muaj cov nyhuv thermal los ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob rau hauv thermal zog vim cov ntaub so ntswg tsis kam. Qhov no yog vim qhov tsim ntawm qhov kub hnyiab thiab cov cim. Kev ua cua sov ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub cev, vim nws ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.

Electrochemical kev ua haujlwm feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha. Qhov no hloov pauv tus nqi ntawm ntau cov molecules thiab tseem ua ke cov qe ntshav, ua kom cov ntshav tuab thiab txhawb kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws.

Kev lom neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev - cuam tshuam rau cov leeg nqaij, ua pa, cov hlab ntsha.

Qhov cuam tshuam ntau ntawm tam sim no ntawm lub cev ua rau tus neeg raug mob hnyav dua, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo tuag. Qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv. Txawm tias qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 220 Volts ntawm lub cev yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj irreversible.

txaus ntshai ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab
txaus ntshai ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab

Kev pab ib zaug

Txhua hom hluav taws xob poob siab xav tau kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev, txwv tsis pub muaj kev tuag. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov cuam tshuam tam sim no ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom, uas yog, tig nws tawm ntawm lub voj voog. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tus neeg cawm siav yuav tsum ua kom ruaj ntseglawv tus kheej nrog cov ntaub ntawv insulating thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd rub tus neeg raug tsim txom tawm ntawm qhov chaw. Tom qab koj yuav tsum hu rau pab neeg kho mob thiab pib muab kev pab thawj zaug. Cov dej num no tau ua ua ntej cov kws tshaj lij tuaj txog. Ib tug neeg raug rau tam sim no tsis zam qhov txias, yog li nws yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau qhov chaw sov, qhuav. Kev pab thawj zaug yog tsom rau kev kho cov haujlwm tseem ceeb - ua pa thiab ntshav ncig. Qhov no yuav tsum tau cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Txhua tus neeg yuav tsum tau kawm nyob rau hauv nws los yog muaj tsawg kawg yog lub tswv yim me ntsis. Resuscitation yog nqa tawm ntawm ib qho nyuaj. Tus neeg cawm seej sib txuas ua pa ua pa thiab mob plawv. Nws yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam qhov piv - 2 ua pa thiab 30 clicks. Kev cawmdim pib nrog kev zaws, txij li kev kho cov ntshav ncig yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nws yog ua nrog ncaj caj npab, tso lub xib teg rau saum ib leeg (lub siab yog siv rau thaj tsam ntawm lub dab teg ntawm sab qis ntawm lub sternum). Qhov kev pom zoo zaus yog 100 compressions ib feeb (lub hauv siab yuav tsum txav 5 cm). Tom qab lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog ntxuav ntawm secretions thiab dag ua pa yog nqa tawm. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus neeg cawm siav, nws raug nquahu kom tswj hwm los ntawm ib lub phuam qhwv. Resuscitation tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm ob tus neeg cawm siav, thaum tswj qhov sib piv ntawm 2 ua pa thiab 15 nyem. Thaum ib tug neeg ua tsis taus pa, qhov thib ob yog contraindicated los kov lub hauv siab. Thaum nqus tau, lub hauv siab ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom yuav tsum tau nce siab - qhov no qhia qhov tseeb ntawm cov txheej txheem.

rooj plaub ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab
rooj plaub ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab

Kev kho mob

Hluav taws xob poob siab yuav tsum tau kho sai sai thiab kho tom ntej. Txoj kev kho yog nqa tawm hauv tsev kho mob. Txawm hais tias tus neeg raug tsim txom tau zoo thiab qhov raug mob me, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem.

Kev kho mob yog tsom rau kev kho sai ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm lwm yam kev mob uas cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb meem tshwm sim tam sim no. Kev soj ntsuam hauv tsev kho mob tau ua tiav kom txog thaum rov zoo.

txhais tau tias tiv thaiv hluav taws xob poob siab
txhais tau tias tiv thaiv hluav taws xob poob siab

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Tiv thaiv txhua yam hluav taws xob poob siab yuav pab ua raws li cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb. Tsis txhob siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis zoo. Nws tseem yog contraindicated rau kov lawv nrog ob txhais tes ntub, vim qhov no yuav txhim kho conduction ntawm tam sim no. Kev ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov xaim hluav taws xob yuav tsum siv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws xob. Cov no suav nrog dielectric lev, hnab looj tes, cov ntaub qhwv tshwj xeeb. Cov cuab yeej yuav tsum muaj ib qho insulated kov. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau kev tiv thaiv, cov pej xeem yuav tsum tau ceeb toom txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev raug mob. Lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog ua los ntawm kev qhia hauv xov xwm, nrog rau kev sib tham nrog cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Qhov no yuav txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws xob poob.

Kev raug mob hluav taws xob yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, thiab lawv qhov tshwm sim nyob ntawm ntau yam. Nws cuam tshuam tsis yog los ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no (voltage, lub sijhawm), tab sis kuj los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv. Piv txwv li, ib qho tam sim no ntawm 220 volts, nyob ntawm seb cov xwm txheej ntawm qhov raug, tuaj yeem ua rau ob qho tib si tsis raug mob thiabthiab tuag. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb - qhov no yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj qhov swb.

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