Peb txhua tus tau kuaj ntshav rau qee lub sijhawm. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua tus, pib txij li thaum yau. Feem ntau cov kab mob raug kuaj nrog qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam no. Tsuas yog tom qab kev tshawb fawb ntawm tib neeg cov ntshav tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov kab mob hematopoietic. Yog tias muaj kev hloov pauv hauv tib neeg lub cev, ces cov ntshav yuav tsum hloov nws cov qauv.
Koj yuav tsum paub tias tseem muaj qee cov qauv thiab cov qauv, kev sib txawv ntawm qhov uas tuaj yeem txhais tau ntau. Cov kws tshaj lij yeej paub zoo txog kev kuaj ntshav rau poj niam, txiv neej, thiab menyuam.
Kev kuaj ntshav dav dav yog dab tsi?
hauv cov ntshav hemoglobin.
Thaum cov qauv ntawm kev kuaj ntshav hauv poj niam, txiv neej lossis menyuam yaus tsis sib xws cov txiaj ntsig tau, qhov no yog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj mob. Cov txheej txheem zoo li yooj yim no tuaj yeem qhia ntau yam txog tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau txhua tus neeg, yam tsis muaj kev zam, yuav tsum tsis tu ncua kuaj ntshav, thiab tsis yog raws li cov lus pov thawj ntawm tus kws kho mob, tab sis kuj rau kev tiv thaiv. Nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej nws qhov kev xa khoom txhawm rau txheeb xyuas ntau hom kab mob hauv lub cev ua ntej.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj ntshav rau poj niam
Txoj kev kuaj mob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob hematopoietic yog kev kuaj ntshav dav dav. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam ntawm lub cev siv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, cov qauv ntawm kev kuaj ntshav rau tus poj niam lossis tus txiv neej yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account.
Hauv kev kuaj ntshav dav dav, qhov siab ntawm hemoglobin tau txiav txim siab, erythrocytes, xim Performance index, leukocytes raug suav, sai npaum li cas erythrocyte sedimentation dhau, leukocyte formula.
Yog tias muaj qhov xav tau, txiav txim siab lub sijhawm uas cov ntshav coagulates, lub sijhawm los ntshav ntev npaum li cas, pes tsawg tus platelets thiab reticulocytes. Nws yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum kuaj ntshav dav dav: tus qauv ntawm tus poj niam thiab tus txiv neej muaj qhov ntsuas sib txawv.
ntsuas cov kua ib feem ntawm cov ntshav
Ib qho ntawm cov qe ntshav liab yog hemoglobin, uas suav tias yog cov protein ntau thiab muaj globin thiablub pov haum. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb uas nws ua yog xa cov pa oxygen mus rau tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm lub ntsws. Hemoglobin kuj tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide tawm ntawm lub cev. Qhov ib txwm hemoglobin rau tus poj niam laus yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 120-140 g / L.
Qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav system yog cov qe ntshav liab. Yog tias tus poj niam noj qab nyob zoo, ces nws cov ntshav muaj 3.7-4.71012 / l. Ua tsaug rau qhov ntsuas xim, koj tuaj yeem paub ntau npaum li cas hemoglobin nyob hauv erythrocyte.
Yuav ceev npaum li cas erythrocytes nyob ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm npib txhua. Tus nqi ib txwm raug suav hais tias yog lub caij nyoog ntawm 2-15 mm / h. Nws yog tus naj npawb ntawm leukocytes uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev kuaj mob. Yog tias ib tug neeg noj qab nyob zoo, ces kuaj pom 4.0-9.0109 / l leukocytes hauv nws cov ntshav.
ESR ntshav kuaj: ib txwm (poj niam)
Feem ntau peb pom cov npe xws li ESR lossis ROE. Qhov ntsuas no qhia tau sai npaum li cas cov erythrocyte sedimentation tshwm sim. Nws tsis yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tsis tuaj yeem qhia txog tus kab mob tshwj xeeb. Siv qhov ntsuas no, nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav kev kuaj mob, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kwv yees qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob ntawm qee yam.
Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi kuaj ntshav qhia qhov no? ESR (tus qauv ntawm tus poj niam yuav tsum yog 3-15 mm / h) tsuas yog hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem muaj ntau tshaj 25 mm / h, qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov ntshav thins li cas nrog kev loj hlob ntawm ntshav ntshav. Qhov nce ntawm tus nqi ntawm qhov ntsuas no thaum cev xeeb tub yog suav tias yog qhov qub. Txawm tias nyob rau hauvthawj lub lis piam tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv, tsuas yog los ntawm 15 lub lis piam hloov pauv tuaj yeem pom. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, thaum muaj ESR nce ntxiv, qhov no txhais tau hais tias muaj cov kab mob inflammatory lossis kis kab mob, lom, qog, raug mob, mob raum thiab mob siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau dhau ntawm tus qauv yog provoked los ntawm qee hom tshuaj. Yog tias qhov siab ESR tau pom ntev ntev, qhov no txhais tau tias tus kab mob tau dhau mus ntev.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nkag siab thiab paub tias cov kab mob ntawm txhua tus neeg txawv, thiab qhov ntsuas no tuaj yeem ua tus kheej rau txhua tus. Kev nce lossis txo qis hauv ESR tuaj yeem qhia qee yam kev hem thawj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Yog tias qhov ntsuas tau nce ntau dua 10 units, qhov no txhais tau hais tias muaj mob hauv lub cev lossis muaj kab mob hnyav. Thaum qhov nce hauv ESR tau pom los ntawm 30-40 units, qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov teeb meem uas muaj nyob hauv lub cev tau dhau los ua qhov tseeb. Thiab qhov no txhais tau tias yuav tsum ua tib zoo kuaj xyuas tsis yog qee yam kabmob, tab sis tag nrho cov kabmob.
Cov koom haum ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub no nrog lo lus "cholesterol" tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Atherosclerotic plaques, uas muaj nyob hauv cov hlab ntsha, tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, rog thiab kib. Ib feem, qhov no tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov tseeb, tab sis qhov no tsis yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm peb lub cev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txhua yam txog nws txoj haujlwm thiab qhov kev ntsuas ntawm kev tsom xam yuav tsum yog dab tsi. Cov ntshav hauv cov poj niam rau cov cholesterol.
Cov cawv txiv hmab no, uas tsis muaj dej nyob hauv dej, yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov cell membranes ntawm txhua yam muaj sia. Tom qab tag nrho, ua tsaug rau cov roj (cholesterol) zoo, cell membranes muaj cov qauv ntom ntom thiab khaws lawv tus kheej. Nws tseem muaj peev xwm txhawb kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab pab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav. Txhawm rau tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) phem, uas peb tau txais los ntawm cov zaub mov, koj yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus lossis hloov qee yam hauv koj cov zaub mov noj txhua hnub.
Cov kev tshawb fawb hauv qab no tau ua tiav ntawm cov roj cholesterol: HDL, LDL, tag nrho cov roj cholesterol. Cov qauv ntawm kev kuaj ntshav rau cov poj niam rau HDL cholesterol tsis zoo ib yam li cov txiv neej. Tag nrho lwm qhov ntsuas tsis tau muab faib ua txiv neej thiab poj niam. Cov roj (cholesterol) ntau nyob ntawm qhov tsis tsuas yog nyob ntawm poj niam txiv neej, tab sis kuj nyob ntawm nws lub hnub nyoog.
Cov lej ntawm leukocytes hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov poj niam
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm leukocytes yog kev tiv thaiv. Thiab lawv cov qauv hauv lub cev hauv cov neeg laus yog 4-9109 / l. Cov qauv ntawm kev kuaj ntshav hauv cov poj niam tuaj yeem sib txawv. Leukocytes hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yog qhov qub - tsis pub ntau tshaj kaum hauv ib microliter. Thiab qhov no tseem ceeb heev, vim li no nws tuaj yeem kuaj tau ntau yam ntawm tus poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub.
Tus naj npawb ntawm leukocytes hauv tib neeg lub cev tuaj yeem qhia lub xeev ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Thaum lub sij hawm ntsuam xyuas, cov qauv ntawm kev kuaj ntshav hauv cov poj niam yog coj los ua lub hauv paus. Leukocytes yuav txaus siab rau tus kws kho mob uas koj hu rau. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias txawm nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg noj qab nyob zoo, theem ntawmleukocytes ib ntus. Cov qauv ntawm kev kuaj ntshav hauv tus poj niam txhais tau hais tias qee qhov kev hloov pauv yuav tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub, ua ntej coj khaub ncaws.
ntshav qab zib ntau ntau
Qab zib theem yog qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb heev rau cov poj niam. Cov qauv ntawm kev kuaj ntshav rau cov poj niam rau cov piam thaj yog 3, 3-5, 5 mmol / l. Yog tias qhov ntsuas tau siab dua, qhov no yuav qhia tau qee yam teeb meem nrog endocrine system thiab qhov pib ntawm cov kab mob txaus ntshai xws li ntshav qab zib mellitus. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov teeb meem zoo li no los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau koj, koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua kuaj qhov tsim nyog thiab tsis txhob tos qhov kev mus ncig no mus rau tus kws kho mob. Ib qho kev zam rau cov npe no yuav yog cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, vim tias txhua yam sib txawv rau lawv, thiab cov kev hloov pauv uas tshwm sim hauv lub cev yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam.
poj niam yuav tsum saib xyuas tom qab 50
Cov poj niam tom qab pib lub cev tsis muaj zog yuav tsum tau kuaj qee yam, vim tias cov qauv ntawm kev kuaj ntshav hauv cov poj niam tom qab 50 xyoo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb xwb. Thaum lub sijhawm hloov hormonal, cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg pib tawg. Qhov no ua rau brittleness thiab brittleness ntawm cov pob txha. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog tsim nyog los ua densitometry.
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov pib ntawm cev xeeb tub, koj yuav tsum pub ntshav rau kev tshuaj xyuas. Qhov no yog li cas qhov concentration ntawm follicle-stimulating hormone txiav txim siab. Yog tias nws cov concentration siab, siab dua 19, 30, qhov no yuav qhia tau meej tias qhov pib ntawm menopause. Thiab nco ntsoov tswj koj cov ntshav qab zib. Tom qab tag nrho, cov qauv ntawm kev kuaj ntshav rau ib tug poj niam thiab ib tug txiv neej hloov nrog lub hnub nyoog. Qhov no yog vim muaj kev hloov pauv loj heev thiab lawv tsis ua qhov zoo.
Tus qauv ntawm bilirubin hauv cov ntshav ntawm poj niam
Thaum xub thawj, koj yuav tsum paub tias bilirubin yog dab tsi thiab nws tsim li cas. Thaum cov txheej txheem ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab tshwm sim, hemoglobin pib tso tawm, uas, tom qab kev cuam tshuam hauv lub cev, pib tig mus rau hauv bilirubin. Bilirubin, uas nyuam qhuav tsim, dhau los ua tshuaj lom, thiab tsuas yog thaum nws khi rau lwm yam khoom hauv lub siab nws ua tsis zoo. Qee cov kab mob siab ua rau bilirubin nkag mus rau hauv cov hnyuv.
Tus nqi ntawm kev kuaj ntshav hauv cov poj niam rau bilirubin yog qhov qhia tau tseem ceeb heev. Nws yog nws leej twg tuaj yeem qhia qhov tshwm sim ntawm teeb meem nrog lub siab thiab biliary ib ntsuj av. Nws yuav tsum tsis yog rau cov neeg laus xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov menyuam yaus. Yog tias txhua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua tiav raws sijhawm, cov teeb meem ntawm qee cov kab mob tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau.
