Tus kab mob tib neeg papillomavirus (HPV) yog qhov kis kab mob ntau tshaj plaws ntawm qhov chaw mos los ntawm tus kab mob. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj txog plaub caug yam sib txawv ntawm tus kab mob no nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no uas muaj peev xwm kis tau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw mos ntawm cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam, nrog rau qhov chaw mos (poj niam sab nraud genitalia), daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov chaw mos, nrog rau lub qhov quav. i cev.. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob papillomavirus tib neeg tam sim no nrov heev.
About tus kab mob
Qee hom HPV tsis ua mob rau tib neeg lub cev, tab sis lwm tus tuaj yeem ua rau ntau hom qog nqaij hlav uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlwb epithelial, feem ntau hauv qhov chaw mos:
- Ib kab mob qog nqaij hlav uas tshwm sim ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam (mob qog noj ntshav) hauv cov poj niam.
- Precancerous thiab pathologicalKev hloov hauv lub ncauj tsev menyuam (qhov kev hloov pauv hauv cov hlwb ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev loj hlob thiab hloov mus ua qog nqaij hlav malignant).
- Malignant qog ntawm poj niam sab nraud genitalia (mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab qhov chaw mos).
- Condylomas (warts) nyob rau hauv qhov chaw mos ntawm cov poj niam thiab txiv neej cov pejxeem.
Oncology
Cervical Cancer yog ib yam kab mob loj heev uas yuav ua rau tus poj niam muaj txoj sia. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv kaw tseg (99%) ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev kis tus kab mob ntawm qee hom CHD hauv qhov chaw mos ntawm cov poj niam. Cov hom tib neeg papillomavirus no muaj peev xwm hloov cov hlwb ntawm txheej txheej ntawm epithelium ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam, thaum hloov lawv los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv mus rau precancerous. Xws li kev hloov pauv hauv qhov tsis tuaj yeem kho raws sijhawm tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav malignant. Hom mob qog noj ntshav no nyob qib 2 hauv cov npe ntawm txhua hom mob qog noj ntshav uas tshwm sim hauv poj niam lub cev.
Tib neeg papillomavirus tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav pab tiv thaiv nws.
Condylomas
Genital warts (warts) tshwm sim thaum qhov chaw mos kis tau qee yam ntawm HPV. Warts feem ntau tshwm sim raws li nqaij-xim loj hlob thiab cov duab tsis zoo. Lawv pom nyob rau hauv lossis sab nraud ntawm qhov chaw mos ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam. Cov kab mob hauv qhov chaw mos feem ntau ua rau khaus, mob, tsis xis nyob, thiab qee zaum los ntshav. Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum, tom qab lawv tshem tawm, lawvtom qab qee lub sijhawm lawv rov tshwm sim. Yog vim li cas tib neeg papillomavirus thiaj txaus ntshai.
Tib neeg papillomavirus tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm tsev neeg lossis cov xaim cua los ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus, tab sis feem ntau kis tau los ntawm kev sib deev. Ob tus txiv neej thiab poj niam ntawm txhua haiv neeg thiab hnub nyoog uas koom nrog ntau yam kev coj cwj pwm sib deev uas cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw mos yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo kis mob. Cov neeg feem coob uas kis tus kab mob papillomavirus tib neeg tsis tsim cov tsos mob lossis cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kis tau rau lwm tus neeg nrog tus kab mob no. Txhua tus neeg yuav tsum paub tias tib neeg papillomavirus kis tau li cas.
Cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 16 thiab 20 feem ntau muaj kev pheej hmoo kis mob HPV. Tej zaum tus kab mob no tuaj yeem kho nws tus kheej, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntev ntawm tus kab mob, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm tus mob precancerous, thiab tom qab ntawd (tom qab 20-30 xyoo) tig mus ua mob qog noj ntshav.
Txog tam sim no, cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau pom 100% ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab siv tau pov thawj kev kho mob rau tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov lus nug.
Tab sis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tib neeg papillomavirus. Xav paub ntau ntxiv.
xaiv txhaj tshuaj
Txog hnub no, ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tau tso cai nyob hauv ntiaj teb los tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm tus kab mob HPV. Cov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Cervarix thiab Gardasil.
Lawv muaj capsid proteins uas nws tus kheej sib sau ua tus kab mob zoo li cov kab mob. Xws li hais tsis muajtsis muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab yog li tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau kis kab mob.
Ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv HPV hom 16 thiab 18, uas ua rau kwv yees li 70% ntawm cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav thoob ntiaj teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Gardasil tiv thaiv HPV hom rau thiab kaum ib, uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav me me thiab feem ntau cov kab mob anogenital.
Kev paub nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV
Tam sim no, kev paub txog kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv los tiv thaiv cov kab mob sib kis los ntawm HPV tau siv nyob rau ntau lub tebchaws tsim. Thiab nyob rau qee lub tebchaws txawv tebchaws, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tseem suav nrog hauv kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm ntawm tag nrho cov ntxhais hnub nyoog 11-13 xyoo, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees - thaum muaj hnub nyoog 13-16 xyoo, nyob rau hauv Fabkis - thaum muaj hnub nyoog 15, thiab nyob rau hauv Austria - los ntawm 10 mus rau 18 xyoo.
Qhov kev paub ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no thoob plaws ntiaj teb xyoo dhau los ua pov thawj tias lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tiv thaiv thiab ua tiav kev nyab xeeb.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV yog leej twg rau
Feem ntau cov ntxhais hluas thiab cov ntxhais hluas tam sim no tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HPV.
Gardasil tau tso cai rau cov ntxhais thiab cov tub hluas hnub nyoog 9-17 thiab cov poj niam hluas hnub nyoog 18-26. Cervarix tam sim no tsuas yog tso cai rau cov ntxhais thiab cov ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog ntawm 10 thiab 25.
Human papillomavirus txhaj tshuaj hnub nyoog yuav tsum tau tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
Txawm hais tias qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, kev tshawb fawb tseem tab tom ua thoob ntiaj teb txog kev siv los tiv thaiv HPV hauv lwm pab pawg hnub nyoog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov no yuav ua rau muaj hnub nyoog txwv rau kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no.
Txij li xyoo 2009, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm HPV tau suav nrog hauv daim ntawv teev tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv Moscow. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis pub dawb hauv tsev kho mob rau cov ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog 12-13.
tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV concept
Cov chav kawm txhaj tshuaj tus qauv muaj peb zaug txhaj tshuaj ib hnub:
- Thawj zaug "Gardasil" yog tswj hwm txhua hnub xaiv kom yooj yim. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tom ntej yog ua tiav 2 lub hlis tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug. Thiab qhov kawg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV tau muab 6 lub hlis tom qab txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug.
- Kev txhaj tshuaj "Cervarix" yog ua tiav raws li tib lub tswv yim, tab sis tsuas yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov thib ob yog txhaj ib hlis tom qab thawj zaug.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tib neeg papillomavirus yog txhaj rau txhua pawg hnub nyoog raws li kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular ntawm koob tshuaj 0.5 ml.
Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm cov lus qhia rau kev siv Cervarix.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj HPV
Ua ntej koj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob thiab tsev neeg. Koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas papillomavirustus neeg hauv lub cev, txhawm rau kom paub tseeb tias thaum lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tus neeg tsis muaj kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob no. Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob thiaj sau tau tshuaj tiv thaiv!
Yog tias tam sim no ib tus neeg tseem kis tus kabmob papillomavirus tib neeg thaum lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj, tab sis muaj tus kabmob me me, ces nws tseem tuaj yeem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thiab yog tias tus kab mob twb tsis quav ntsej thiab ntev, ces cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tuaj yeem muab kom txog thaum rov ua tiav los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Tsuas yog tom qab tag nrho rov qab tuaj yeem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nov yog lwm yam tshaj tawm hauv cov lus qhia rau kev siv "Cervarix":
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog txwv tsis pub rau cov neeg uas yuav muaj kev fab tshuaj rau ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog tias ib tug neeg muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj, ces nws yuav tsum tau qhia tus kws kho mob txog qhov no ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog tias tam sim ntawd ib qho kev tsis haum tshuaj tshwm sim tom qab thawj zaug txhaj tshuaj, ces txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv yog categorically contraindicated.
- Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tuaj yeem ua tau yog tias thaum lub sijhawm nws tus neeg muaj kab mob sib kis hauv theem mob lossis kab mob hauv lub cev. Tab sis contraindications rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis yog mob ua pa kab mob.
- Yog hais tias ib tug poj niam muaj kev cuam tshuam anaphylactic, ces nws yuav tsum tau ceeb toom rau nws tus kws kho mob txog qhov no ua ntej tshaj tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum cev xeeb tub
Tshuaj tiv thaiv tib neeg papillomavirus thaum cev xeeb tubcategorically contraindicated vim tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov poj niam thaum lub sijhawm no. Txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV hauv cov tsiaj tsis tau pom tias muaj qhov tsis zoo rau cov xeeb ntxwv, nws tseem tsis tau pom zoo rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub kom txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Raws li kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub, ces cov kev xav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij txawv. Los ntawm cov lus pom zoo, kev pub niam mis tsis suav tias yog qhov txwv tsis pub txhaj tshuaj HPV, tab sis muaj cov kws kho mob tseem tsis pom zoo, vim tias tus poj niam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum lactation yuav tsum tsis pub pub mis rau ob peb hnub.
Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tib neeg papillomavirus tuaj yeem ua ke nrog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab B. Cov kev tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau ua rau lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ke.
Tus nqi ntawm Gardasil yuav qhia hauv qab no.
Side effects
Raws li txoj cai, tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv Cervarix lossis Gardasil, cov neeg mob tsis muaj teeb meem. Zoo ib yam li txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj anaphylactic thiab ua xua. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau lawm.
Raws li lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV qee zaum ua rau muaj kev phiv me me. Redness thiab mob yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Muaj cov neeg mob nrog los ntawm kev mob plab tsis zoo tom qab siv tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Cov neeg uas twb txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem mob taub hau,kiv taub hau, lethargy thiab nkees.
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm tib neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob papillomavirus
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HPV tag nrho muaj nyob hauv ntau dua 99% ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Raws li kev tshawb fawb loj thiab kev soj ntsuam hauv 2-5 xyoos tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, yuav luag 100% kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam uas ua ntej mob qog noj ntshav tau tshwm sim. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob anogenital warts hauv 95-99% ntawm cov neeg mob.
Tus nqi txhaj tshuaj yog dab tsi thiab kuv tuaj yeem tau txais qhov twg?
Vim tias tus nqi pheej yig heev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV tsis suav nrog lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj. Feem ntau qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog rau lub hlis, thiab yog tias vim li cas tus neeg mob tsis tau txhaj tshuaj ntxiv, tom qab ntawd sai li sai tau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau muab tam sim ntawd. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog suav tias yog ua tiav yog tias cov tshuaj tau ua tiav hauv ib xyoos. Yog li tus nqi rau Gardasil yog dab tsi?
Hauv Moscow thiab nws cheeb tsam, tus nqi rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tib neeg papillomavirus yog 13-15 txhiab rubles, nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov chaw tsim tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws kim heev, tab sis qhov tshwm sim yog tsim nyog.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tib neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob papillomavirus hauv nqe lus nug yog tsim nyog rau kev tiv thaiv, tab sis tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los kho lawv. Tsis tas li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab mob tsis yog tshwm sim los ntawm tib neeg papillomavirus.
