Cholesteatoma ntawm pob ntseg: ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob, kho, qhov tshwm sim

Cov txheej txheem:

Cholesteatoma ntawm pob ntseg: ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob, kho, qhov tshwm sim
Cholesteatoma ntawm pob ntseg: ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob, kho, qhov tshwm sim

Video: Cholesteatoma ntawm pob ntseg: ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob, kho, qhov tshwm sim

Video: Cholesteatoma ntawm pob ntseg: ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob, kho, qhov tshwm sim
Video: Hmong New Song 2020-2021 Xyoob Quav Yeeb Nquab Tsab 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Ib qho ntawm feem ntau ua rau tsis hnov lus hnyav yog cholesteatoma. Qhov no yog ib qho neoplasm uas muaj cov khoom ntawm degenerate epithelium. Loj hlob, nws thaiv qhov nruab nrab pob ntseg kab noj hniav, ua rau cov tsos mob tsis kaj siab. Nrog rau qhov tsos ntawm dull thiab nias pob ntseg mob, kiv taub hau thiab fetid tawm, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob otorhinolaryngologist tam sim ntawd. Nws yog leej twg thiab nws kho li cas, txhua tus paub tseeb. Hauv tsab xov xwm niaj hnub no, peb yuav nyob hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological tau hais.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob

Cholesteatoma tsis nyob hauv qeb ntawm cov kab mob oncological. Nws yog thawj zaug piav nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, tab sis tau txais nws lub npe niaj hnub tam sim no. Tsuas yog tom qab kev kawm ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, uas muaj cov roj cholesterol ntau, cov kws tshawb fawb puas tau qhia cov lus sib xws rau hauv kev kho mob. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob, nrhiav txoj hauv kev kho kom zoo.

pob ntseg cholesteatoma
pob ntseg cholesteatoma

Cholesteatoma ntawm pob ntseg yog cov qog dawb zoo li cov khoom sib txuas hauv ib lub tshuaj ntsiav. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm keratinized hlwb overlapping ib leeg. Qhov ntevNws txawv ntawm ob peb millimeters mus rau 5-7 cm. Lub ntsiab Cheebtsam yog protein compounds, keratin, lipoids thiab roj cholesterol. Lub neoplasm yog them nrog lub matrix - lub plhaub ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas haum snugly tiv thaiv cov pob txha, thiab qee zaum loj hlob rau hauv nws. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no, cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig raug puas tsuaj.

Ua rau tus kab mob thiab nws cov kab mob

Muaj ob hom pob ntseg cholesteatoma:

  1. Congenital, lossis muaj tseeb. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm embryonic txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub fetus. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim yuav nce ntxiv yog tias tus poj niam noj tshuaj ototoxic thaum cev xeeb tub, raug rov ua dua X-ray. Cov neoplasm feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub pyramid ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv, tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv lub lateral seem ntawm lub pob txha taub hau thiab ib tug ntawm plaub ventricles ntawm lub hlwb.
  2. muas. Tus kab mob no tau kuaj pom thaum laus. Cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau nws txoj kev loj hlob yog mob ntev ntawm pob ntseg (otitis media, eustachitis), kev raug mob raug mob.

Cov tshuaj niaj hnub koom nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm daim ntawv tau txais ntawm pathology nrog ib qho ntawm ob lub tswv yim.

Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, lub pathogenesis implies ib tug ua txhaum ntawm lub patency ntawm lub auditory raj tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm eustachitis. Lub siab nyob rau hauv lub tympanic kab noj hniav txo, thiab ib feem ntawm daim nyias nyias yog maj mam rub mus rau hauv nws. Cov roj (cholesterol) muaju, desquamated epithelial hlwb thiab keratin pib los ntawm no. Yog li, pob ntseg cholesteatoma tau tsim.

Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob, kev puas tsuaj los yog kab mob otitis media ua rau tsim kua muagpob ntseg. Ib qho qhib cov ntaub ntawv ntawm sab nraud auditory meatus thiab nruab nrab pob ntseg. Los ntawm nws, squamous epithelium hlob mus rau hauv lub tympanic kab noj hniav. Cov ntaub so ntswg capsule kaw cov khoom txawv teb chaws, tsim cov cholesteatoma.

nruab nrab pob ntseg cholesteatoma
nruab nrab pob ntseg cholesteatoma

daim duab kho mob

Feem ntau, pob ntseg nruab nrab cholesteatoma tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej nrog cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb. Qhov xwm txheej no tsis yog rau txhua tus. Qee tus neeg mob mus ntsib kws kho mob nrog cov lus tsis txaus siab hauv qab no:

  • mob pob ntseg, tus cwj pwm tawg;
  • kev tsis xis nyob hauv lub tuam tsev lossis hauv pliaj;
  • hnov tsis hnov;
  • muaj paug tawm ntawm pob ntseg nrog impurities ntawm cov kua ntswg, hnov tsw tsis kaj siab;
  • xeev siab thiab kiv taub hau heev.

Nrog me me, cov qog tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom qhov muag. Qhov loj loj zoo li lub pob dawb curdled bulging los ntawm sab nraud auditory kwj dej.

Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm tus kab mob thib ob, daim duab kho mob tau ntxiv los ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm kev qaug cawv. Cov neeg mob yws yws ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qaug zog, tsis muaj zog thiab tsis qab los noj mov. Kev mob throbbing yog ua tau nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm pob ntseg.

pob ntseg cholesteatoma ua haujlwm tshwm sim
pob ntseg cholesteatoma ua haujlwm tshwm sim

Yuav Muaj Teeb Meem

Yog tias koj tsis quav ntsej txog cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob thiab ncua kev kho mob, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Ntawm lawv, cov hauv qab no tau lees paub tias feem ntau:

  1. Fistula ntawm lub labyrinth, nrog ua tiavtsis hnov lus.
  2. Paresis ntawm lub ntsej muag paj hlwb.
  3. Sigmoid sinus thrombosis.
  4. YAseptic meningitis.
  5. Meningoencephalitis.
  6. Coma.
  7. Cerebral edema.

Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai ntawm malignancy ntawm neoplasm. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cholesteatoma ntawm pob ntseg tsis yog qog. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem tswj tsis tau faib thiab kis thoob plaws lub cev los ntawm txoj kev hematogenous.

Kev phom sij ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological nyob ze rau ntawm lub hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha. Qhov zais cia zais los ntawm cov qog ua rau cov qauv no yooj yim. Yog li ntawd, meningitis, cerebral edema thiab lwm yam kab mob tshwm sim sai heev, nrog rau cov tsos mob qhia tau hais tias. Thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob zoo, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.

Txoj kev kuaj mob

Yog tias koj xav tias cholesteatoma, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob otorhinolaryngologist kom sai li sai tau. Nws yog leej twg thiab tus kws kho mob no kho dab tsi, txawm tias me nyuam yaus paub. Yog tias koj mus ntsib ib tus kws kho mob hauv zos, nws tseem yuav xa mus rau tus kws kho mob nqaim kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob.

Nws pib nrog kev kuaj xyuas sab nraud ntawm lub pob ntseg los ntawm otoscope. Siv cov cuab yeej no, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov txheej txheem inflammatory, txheeb xyuas qhov muaj cov kab mob pathological thiab kev hloov pauv hauv cov qauv ntawm lub pob ntseg. Tom qab ntawd tus neeg mob tau txais x-ray. Cov duab kom meej meej qhia cov qog, yog tias muaj. Ib tus kws kho mob uas paub txog tuaj yeem kwv yees nws qhov loj thiab qhov chaw nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, suav tomography muab cov duab ntxaws ntxiv.

Rau tus lej ntawm txoj hauv kev ntxivcov kev tshawb fawb suav nrog:

  • audiometry los xyuas tus neeg mob qhov hnov lus acuity;
  • kev tshuaj xyuas rau lub suab pom los ntawm kev sib tw;
  • vestibulometry - kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm lub vestibular apparatus.
  • otorhinolaryngologist yog leej twg thiab yuav kho li cas
    otorhinolaryngologist yog leej twg thiab yuav kho li cas

Cov txheej txheem teev hnub no tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv txhua qhov chaw kho mob ntawm otorhinolaryngology. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, tus kws kho mob lees paub lossis tsis lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob ua ntej, muab cov lus pom zoo rau kev tshem tawm tus kab mob. Niaj hnub no, kev kho mob ntawm neoplasms yog ua tau nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev: conservative thiab phais. Lawv yuav tau tham ntau yam hauv qab no.

kev kho mob

Nyob rau theem pib, tus kab mob tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm txoj kev khaws cia. Feem ntau lawv mus ntxuav qhov chaw epitympanic nrog kev daws ntawm boric acid lossis proteolytic enzymes. Manipulation yuav tsum rov ua dua txhua hnub rau ib lub lis piam.

Yog tias tus txheej txheem txheej txheem tsis txhim kho tus neeg mob tus mob, koj yuav tsum siv cov kab noj hniav tshwj xeeb nrog khoov kawg. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem, tus kws kho mob ntxig nws los ntawm ib tug qhib rau hauv lub pob ntseg. Nrog rau kev kho raws sijhawm, cov kua paug tawm ntawm pob ntseg nres, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg puas sai sai.

tshem tawm cholesteatoma
tshem tawm cholesteatoma

Surgery

Thaum txoj kev khaws cia tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob, kev phais tshem tawm ntawm cholesteatoma raug pom zoo. Ntawm lwm indications rauKev ua haujlwm ceev tuaj yeem sau tseg:

  • cov teeb meem intracranial;
  • osteomyelitis;
  • paresis ntawm lub ntsej muag paj hlwb;
  • maze;
  • mob ntsws polyps.

Cov npe saum toj no tsuas yog muaj feem ntau thaum kev phais tshem tawm pob ntseg cholesteatoma yuav tsum tau ua. Kev ua haujlwm ib txwm raug sau rau ntawm tus kheej, suav nrog daim duab kho mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus neeg mob.

Cov txheej txheem nws tus kheej muaj ntau theem. Ua ntej, tus kws kho mob tshem tawm cov qog. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov rov kis ntawm cov txheej txheem sib kis, nws ntxuav cov kab noj hniav kom huv. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tympanic membrane yas phais yog ntxiv rau kev kho nws txoj kev ncaj ncees.

pob ntseg cholesteatoma phais
pob ntseg cholesteatoma phais

Rov qab tom qab pob ntseg tshem tawm cholesteatoma

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv daim ntawv kiv taub hau lossis xeev siab tuaj yeem nrog tus neeg mob 7-10 hnub. Maj mam, cov tsos mob zoo li no ploj mus, kev kho mob ntxiv feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua. Ua ntej tso tawm, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tshem cov stitches ntawm lub qhov txhab thiab siv ib daim ntaub qhwv. Nws raug nquahu kom hloov nws txhua ob peb hnub kom txog thaum rov ua tiav. Kev kho lub cev yog qee zaum raug muab los ua kom lub qhov txhab zoo.

Yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tom qab 4 lub lis piam tom qab tso tawm. Ntawm nws, tus kws kho mob feem ntau kuaj tus neeg mob lub rooj sib hais. Yog tias yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm thib ob, nws tuaj yeem ua tau tsuas yog 6 lub hlis tom qab thawj zaug. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem zam kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem.

chaw kho mob ntawm otorhinolaryngology
chaw kho mob ntawm otorhinolaryngology

Txoj Kev Tiv Thaiv

Cholesteatoma tsis nyob hauv qeb ntawm cov kab mob oncological. Tab sis qhov no tsis txhais hais tias nws cov tsos mob thawj zaug tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej, tsis mus nrhiav kev pab kho mob. Kev kho mob zoo ib txwm zam kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem. Cov kab mob no puas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau?

Kev tiv thaiv tus kab mob feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev kho raws sijhawm ntawm txhua qhov txheej txheem inflammatory cuam tshuam rau pob ntseg. Qhov no tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab menyuam yaus. Cholesteatoma ntawm pob ntseg nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam yog ib tug zoo tshwm sim. Hmoov tsis zoo, nws txoj kev loj hlob feem ntau nrog cov kab mob encephalitis hauv zos thiab hydrocephalus.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Txog rau qhov kawg no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj cov vitamin complexes tsis tu ncua, noj kom raug thiab ua lub neej noj qab haus huv. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov txheej txheem hardening thiab ua kis las.

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