Synovial soft tissue sarcoma: qhia, kho, prognosis

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Synovial soft tissue sarcoma: qhia, kho, prognosis
Synovial soft tissue sarcoma: qhia, kho, prognosis

Video: Synovial soft tissue sarcoma: qhia, kho, prognosis

Video: Synovial soft tissue sarcoma: qhia, kho, prognosis
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Synovial soft tissue sarcoma yog ib qho mob qog nqaij hlav uas tsim los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm lub synovium, tendon thiab tendon sheaths. Xws li cov neoplasm tsis txwv rau cov tshuaj ntsiav, vim tias nws tuaj yeem loj hlob mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab mus rau hauv cov pob txha tawv.

Nyob hauv yuav luag ib nrab ntawm cov neeg mob, cov nqaij mos synovial sarcoma ntawm pob qij txha sab xis tau kuaj pom. Qee lub sij hawm cov qog tsim nyob rau hauv cov pob qij txha ntawm ob txhais tes, forearms, hauv caj dab thiab lub taub hau cheeb tsam, thiab nyuaj kho.

synovial mos cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma prognosis
synovial mos cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma prognosis

Yuav ua li cas?

Nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm xws li ib tug neoplasm yog cystic kab noj hniav, necrosis thiab hemorrhage. Lub pathological tsim muaj ib tug mos mos qauv, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm mus harden thiab calcify yog tsis cais. Ntawm qhov txiav, thaum lub sij hawm soj ntsuam, lub sarcoma zoo li ib tug ntses fillet: nws muaj ib tug cavernous qauv thiab yog xim dawb. Nyob rau hauv lub tsim, ib tug mucous paug yog pom, uas zoo li cov kua synovial. los ntawm lwm yam malignantNeoplasms synovial soft tissue sarcoma txawv qhov uas nws tsis muaj tshuaj ntsiav.

Cov kab mob no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nruj nruj thiab kev loj hlob sai. Feem ntau, nws tsis kho tau thiab rov tshwm sim nyob rau ob peb xyoos tom ntej no. Txawm tias muaj kev kho mob zoo, synovioma metastases tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab 5-7 xyoo hauv cov qog nqaij hlav, lub ntsws lossis pob txha.

Raws li kev txheeb cais, cov txiv neej thiab poj niam muaj kev cuam tshuam sib npaug los ntawm cov kab mob synovial. Feem ntau, cov qog no tau kuaj pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog 15 txog 25 xyoos, tab sis tus kab mob no suav tias tsis tshua muaj - nws tau kuaj pom hauv peb tus neeg tawm ntawm ib lab.

Yog vim li cas

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nqaij mos synovial sarcoma tsis paub meej. Txawm li cas los xij, qee yam uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog rau qhov pib ntawm tus txheej txheem malignant tau raug cais tawm ua ib pab pawg. Cov no suav nrog:

  1. Hereditary predisposition.
  2. Ionizing hluav taws xob. Kev raug hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv ntau cov ntaub so ntswg, xws li pob txha.
  3. Kev raug mob. Kev ua txhaum loj ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov pob qij txha qee zaum ua rau oncological degeneration ntawm cov hlwb.
  4. Tshuaj. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm carcinogens yog qhov txaus ntshai heev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tus txheej txheem malignant.
  5. Immunosuppressive kho mob. Kev siv hom kev kho mob no ua rau muaj kab mob oncological.
  6. kev ua neej tsis zoo, tus cwj pwm phem.
  7. cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma synovial
    cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma synovial

Hnub nyoog ntawm cov neeg mob

Malignant synovioma yog suav tias yog ib tus kab mob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Oncoprocess, raws li kws kho mob, feem ntau yog provoked los ntawm unfavorable heredity thiab lub xeev ntawm ib puag ncig. Pawg pheej hmoo rau sarcoma suav nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas nyob hauv thaj chaw tsis zoo.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob

Nyob rau theem pib ntawm cov txheej txheem malignant, kom txog rau thaum tsim loj, cov tsos mob tsis pom. Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov nqaij mos synovial sarcoma, qhov tsis xis nyob tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam sib koom ua ke, txwv tsis pub nws lub cev muaj zog. Lub softer tus qauv ntawm cov qog, qhov tsawg pronounced qhov mob syndrome.

Yog tias nyob rau theem no tus kws tshaj lij palpates qhov kev tsom xam, nws tuaj yeem pom cov qog loj ntawm 2 txog 15 cm. Cov txheej txheem oncological tsis muaj ciam teb, muaj qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov qog, nws ntom lossis muag. sib xws. Cov tawv nqaij tshaj nws protrudes yam ntxwv, nws cov xim thiab kub hloov.

Daim duab ntawm cov nqaij mos synovial sarcoma nthuav tawm.

Raws li cov synovioma loj tuaj, nws muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg, lawv pib tawg, qhov mob hnyav zuj zus. Kev sib koom tes los yog limb tsis ua haujlwm ib txwm, muaj qhov tsis hnov tsw lossis loog vim yog lub siab ntawm neoplasm ntawm cov paj hlwb. Yog tias nws tau cuam tshuam rau lub caj dab lossis lub taub hau, cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim, xws li hnov lub cev txawv teb chaws thaum nqos, cuam tshuam.ua pa, suab hloov.

monophasic synovial mos cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma
monophasic synovial mos cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev qaug dab peg

Ntxiv rau, tus neeg mob muaj cov tsos mob ntawm oncological intoxication, uas suav nrog:

  • kev qaug zog;
  • subfebrile mob;
  • kev tsis txaus siab;
  • poob phaus.

Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm metastases thiab kev sib kis ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer rau cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cheeb tsam, lawv qhov ntim tau nce ntxiv.

Synovial sarcoma ntawm lub hauv caug, sab ceg thiab ncej puab

Cov qog qog nqaij hlav uas cuam tshuam rau lub hauv caug pob qij txha yog ib qho uas tsis yog epithelial oncological neoplasm ntawm hom thib ob. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological yog metastases los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav nyob sib ze lossis lub duav sib koom. Yog tias thaj chaw ntawm cov pob txha raug cuam tshuam, tus kws kho mob kuaj mob osteosarcoma, thiab yog tias cov pob txha mos muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem oncological, chondrosarcoma.

Thaum cov qog nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub hauv caug sib koom ua ke, cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm pathology yog mob, uas feem ntau npog tag nrho cov ceg qis. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, lub cev muaj zog ua haujlwm ntawm ob txhais ceg yog impaired. Yog tias cov qog kis mus rau sab nraud, uas yog, nws tau nyob ze rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov o hauv zos tuaj yeem pom thiab cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem kuaj tau ntawm thawj theem.

Thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub ligamentous apparatus los ntawm sarcoma, ceg yog deprived ntawm tag nrho cov functionality, txij li thaum lub sib koom ua ke puas lawm. Nrog rau cov qog ntawm qhov loj me, cov ntshav ntws hauv cov ntaub so ntswg hloov pauv, qhov mob tsis txaus tshwm sim hauv cov ceg qis.oxygen thiab as-ham.

Synovial sarcoma ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm tus ncej puab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm yuav luag tag nrho nws cov qauv. Feem ntau ntawm cov neoplasms nyob rau theem pib muaj cov duab zoo sib xws nrog cov txheej txheem qog nqaij hlav. Feem ntau ntawm cov pathologies ntawm no localization yog cov pob txha mob cancer thiab cov nqaij mos hlav.

Sarcoma ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tus ncej puab yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj pathology thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov txiv neej hnub nyoog 30-60.

Synovial mos cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma ntawm txoj cai pob taws
Synovial mos cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma ntawm txoj cai pob taws

Ntau yam ntawm synovial sarcoma

Raws li cov qauv ntaub so ntswg, cov qog no tau muab faib ua:

  • cellular, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm glandular epithelium thiab muaj papillomatous thiab cystic qauv;
  • fibrous, uas loj hlob los ntawm fibers zoo ib yam li fibrosarcomas.

Raws li cov qauv morphological, cov nram qab no hom sarcoma tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:

  • alveolar;
  • giant cell;
  • fibrous;
  • histoid;
  • mixed;
  • adenomatous.

WHO classification

Raws li WHO kev faib tawm, cov qog tau muab faib ua ob hom:

  1. Monophasic synovial soft tissue sarcoma, thaum cov txheej txheem malignant muaj lub teeb loj thiab fusiform hlwb. Kev sib txawv ntawm cov neoplasm yog qhov tsis zoo, uas ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab rau kev kuaj mob.
  2. Biphasic synovial mos cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma, thaum tsim muaj cov hlwb synovial thiab muaj ntau cov kab noj hniav. Yooj yim txiav txim siab thaum cov txheej txheem kuaj mob.

Qhov kev pom zoo tshaj plaws rau tus neeg mob tau pom nrog kev txhim kho ntawm biphasic synovioma.

Tsis tshua muaj heev yog ib qho ntshiab cell fasciogenic synovioma. Raws li cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, nws muaj ntau yam nrog oncomeloma, thiab nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los kuaj xyuas nws. Cov qog cuam tshuam rau cov leeg thiab fascia thiab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological qeeb.

cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma
cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma

theem ntawm pathology

Nyob rau theem pib, cov neoplasm tsis tshaj 5 cm thiab muaj qhov qis ntawm malignancy. Qhov kev cia siab rau kev ciaj sia yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txog 90%.

Thaum theem ob, cov qog loj dua 5 cm, tab sis twb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov hlab ntsha, paj hlwb, cov qog ntshav hauv cheeb tsam thiab cov pob txha.

Nyob rau theem thib peb ntawm cov txheej txheem oncological, metastases tau pom nyob rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav.

Nyob rau theem plaub, thaj tsam ntawm cov txheej txheem oncological tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas. Hauv qhov no, kev puas tsuaj rau cov pob txha tseem ceeb, cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha tshwm sim. Muaj ntau yam metastasis. Kev muaj sia nyob ntawm cov neeg mob li no yog xoom. Yuav kho cov nqaij mos synovial li cas sarcoma ntawm tus ncej puab lossis sab ceg?

Kho ntawm synovioma hauv 70% yog raws li nws qhov kev txiav. Cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov pob qij txha loj: lub duav, lub xub pwg lossis lub hauv caug loj tuaj rau hauv cov qog ntshav thiab cov hlab ntsha loj, thiab yog li ntawd muaj ntau zaus rov qab thiab metastases, yog li cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb rau kev txiav tawm ntawm ib lossis lwm tus ceg.

BFeem ntau, kev kho mob thiab kev kwv yees ntawm cov nqaij mos synovial sarcoma nyob ntawm theem ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob. Nyob rau theem thawj thiab thib ob, cov kab mob pathology tau kho tau zoo thiab qhov kev cia siab rau kev ciaj sia ntawm cov neeg mob yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Nyob rau theem thib peb, nrog kev ua tiav cov ceg tawv thiab tsis muaj cov metastases, 60% kev ciaj sia tau kwv yees, thaum nyob rau theem plaub, thaum cov txheej txheem malignant kis thoob plaws hauv lub cev, qhov kev tshwm sim tsis zoo heev.

biphasic synovial mos cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma
biphasic synovial mos cov ntaub so ntswg sarcoma

Kev phais yog ua raws li hauv qab no:

  1. Kev tshem tawm hauv zos, uas ua tau tsuas yog nyob rau thawj theem ntawm tus kab mob, thaum qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau lees paub qhov zoo ntawm cov qog. Ntxiv tactics ntawm kev kho yog nyob ntawm qhov kev kuaj histological ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tshem tawm thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm lawv cov malignancy. Kev rov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob pathology nce mus txog 95%.
  2. Kev txiav tawm dav dav, uas yog ua nrog kev ntes cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob ib sab nrog thaj tsam li ntawm 5 cm. Kev rov ua dua ntawm synovial sarcoma hauv qhov no tshwm sim hauv 50%.
  3. Radical resection, uas cov qog raug tshem tawm thaum khaws cia lub cev, tab sis nqa qhov kev phais mob los ze rau kev txiav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, raws li ib tug txoj cai, prosthetics yog siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, kev hloov ntawm kev sib koom tes los yog cov hlab ntsha, yas phais ntawm lub paj hlwb, pob txha resection. Tom qab ua haujlwm, tag nrho cov teeb meem raug muab zais nrog kev pab ntawm autodermoplasty. Cov tawv nqaij flaps thiab cov leeg nqaij grafting kuj tseem siv tau. Cov txheej txheem rov tshwm sim tshwm sim li ntawm 20% ntawm tus neeg mob.
  4. Amputation, uas yog ua thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub nkoj loj,lub ntsiab paj hlwb, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm limb. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov tshwm sim yog qhov qis tshaj - 15%.

Siv kev kho phais ib txhij nrog tshuaj khomob thiab hluav taws xob, muaj txoj hauv kev los cawm lub cev hauv 80% ntawm qhov chaw kho mob. Kev tshem tawm cov qog ntshav qab zib nrog rau kev ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological yog ua los ntawm kev tshawb fawb tau lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm malignancy ntawm lawv cov ntaub so ntswg.

synovial sarcoma ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm tus ncej puab
synovial sarcoma ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm tus ncej puab

Kev kho hluav taws xob

Kev kho hluav taws xob rau synovioma yog ua los ntawm cov hauv qab no:

  1. Preoperative lossis neoadjuvant, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau encapsulate lub neoplasm, txo nws qhov loj me, nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
  2. Intraoperative, uas txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob rov qab los ntawm 40%.
  3. Postoperative lossis adjuvant, uas yog siv thaum nws tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov kev kho mob phais vim qhov tsis saib xyuas ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological thiab qhov tawg ntawm cov qog.

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