Ib pob zeb nyob rau hauv lub caj pas salivary los yog salivary pob zeb kab mob yog tsim ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua salivolitis nyob rau hauv lub ducts los yog (tsawg zaus) nyob rau hauv lub parenchyma ntawm cov qog. Kev txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha ua rau mob hnyav, nce qhov loj ntawm cov qog, thiab thaum mob hnyav, ua pob khaus lossis phlegmon.
Kev tsim pob zeb
Qhov tsim ntawm pob zeb yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv dav dav thiab hauv zos. Cov laj thawj feem ntau yog ua txhaum ntawm calcium metabolism thiab tsis muaj vitamin A. Yog li, cov neeg mob raug kev txom nyem los ntawm:
- YUrolithiasis;
- gout, hyperparathyroidism;
- hypervitaminosis D;
- diabetes.
Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob zeb tsim yog nce rau cov neeg haus luam yeeb.
Thiab hauv zos ua rau muaj xws li nqaim thiab tsis xws luag ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov ducts, nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm zais cia. Lub pob zeb qaub ncaug yog ib txwm nrog sialadenitis.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm salivary pob zeb
Qhov tsim ntawm pob zeb tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hauv paus, uas tuaj yeem ua microbial lossis tsis-microbial hauv xwm. Hauv thawj kis, lub hauv pausyog ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - ib tug tsub zuj zuj ntawm desquamated epithelium thiab txawv teb chaws lub cev uas tau poob mus rau hauv lub caj pas, xws li ntses pob txha, txiv hmab txiv ntoo nplej, txhuam hniav bristles.
Lub pob zeb muaj cov khoom ntawm ntau lub hauv paus chiv keeb - ob qho tib si organic thiab ntxhia. Cov qub tso nyiaj txog li 10-30%, nws muaj cov amino acids, duct epithelium, mucin. Muaj ntau ntau cov zaub mov (70-90%), lawv feem ntau suav nrog phosphates, calcium carbonate, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chlorine, hlau. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pob zeb nyob rau hauv lub caj pas salivary yog zoo ib yam li tartar.
Feem ntau yuav, etiopathogenesis ntawm tus kab mob no yog nrog los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm endogenous thiab exogenous yam uas ua rau tej yam pathologies. Cov no suav nrog:
- hloov pauv hauv kev sib xyaw thiab tso kua qaub;
- txo qis qaub ncaug txaus;
- hloov pH ntawm alkali thiab leaching ntawm cov ntxhia ntsev los ntawm qaub ncaug.
pob zeb hauv qog qaub ncaug: cov tsos mob
Localization ntawm lub pob zeb nyob rau hauv parenchyma, raws li txoj cai, yuav tsis thab ib tug neeg mus ntev. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev thaiv lub lumen ntawm cov kwj dej excretory, nrog rau qhov loj me, qhov tsim ua rau mob thiab tsis xis nyob bursting. Ib qho tsis kaj siab tom qab tshwm sim hauv lub qhov ncauj, thiab cov qog qaub ncaug lawv tus kheej o thaum zom zaub mov. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov tsos mob yog qhov hu ua salivary colic. Qhov no yog ib qho mob hnyav heev vim khaws cov qaub ncaug thiab nce hauv txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov kav dej.
Yog lub pob zeb thaiv cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub caj pas submandibular, ces muaj mob thaumnqos uas radiates rau pob ntseg los yog lub tuam tsev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm exacerbation ntawm sialadenitis, subfebrile lub cev kub, malaise, thiab mob taub hau yuav tshwm sim.
Diagnosis
Kev kuaj tus kab mob yog ua los ntawm palpation, ntxiv rau, kuaj ultrasound ntawm cov qog qaub ncaug, sialography, CT, sialoscintigraphy.
Tus kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 20-45 xyoo. Kwv yees li 1% ntawm cov pej xeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm tus kab mob no. Raws li kev txheeb cais, ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov qog ua kua qaub, sialolithiasis suav txog li 60%.
Feem ntau, pob zeb tsim nyob rau hauv submandibular cheeb tsam, thiab tsawg dua - nyob rau hauv sublingual. Yog tias lub pob zeb me me, ces nws tuaj yeem ntxuav tawm nrog qaub ncaug yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Txawm li cas los xij, lub laij lej loj clogs lub duct, thiab tom qab ntawd kev kho mob yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yog hais tias peb tham txog qhov loj ntawm formations, ces nws txawv ntawm 3-20 grams, thiab nyob rau hauv loj lawv muaj peev xwm ntawm ib millimeter mus rau ob peb centimeters.
Yog hais tias qhov chaw yog parenchyma, ces lub pob zeb nyob rau hauv lub salivary caj pas, raws li txoj cai, muaj ib tug puag ncig. Thiab thaum lub calculus yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub ducts, ces nws yog ntau elongated nyob rau hauv cov duab. Cov xim ntawm cov pob zeb feem ntau yog daj, qhov saum npoo tsis sib npaug, thiab qhov ceev yuav txawv.
Kev tshem tawm pob zeb los ntawm cov qog qaub ncaug yog ua tiav thaum kev kho mob tsis ua tiav. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, ua tiav:
- bougienage ntawm salivary ducts;
- lithotripsy;
- sialendoscopy;
- qhib kev lag luam;
- extirpation ntawm salivary caj pas.
Salivary caj pas pob zeb: kho
Raws li tau hais lawm, yog cov pob zeb me me, ces lawv tuaj yeem tso cov qaub ncaug ntawm lawv tus kheej. Qee lub sij hawm, txhawm rau pab txhawb lawv txoj kev tso tawm, kev kho kom zoo yog raug sau tseg: kev noj zaub mov salivary, gland massage, thermal txheej txheem. Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev pab ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm mob sialadenitis yog ua nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Yog lub pob zeb nyob hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov qog qaub ncaug nyob ze ntawm lub qhov ncauj, ces tus kws kho hniav tuaj yeem tshem nws nrog tweezers lossis extrusion.
Kev cuam tshuam kev phais kom tshem cov pob zeb tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov no yog kev cuam tshuam sialendoscopy, uas tso cai rau tshem tawm cov pob zeb qaub ncaug endoscopically, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov cicatricial nruj ntawm cov ducts.
Txoj kev niaj hnub minimally invasive yog qhov hu ua extracorporeal lithotripsy. Nws cov ntsiab lus yog crushed pob zeb siv ultrasound. Heev feem ntau, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj dissolution ntawm pob zeb kuj yog siv, uas 3% tov ntawm citric acid yog nkag mus rau hauv lub ducts.
Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov kab mob excretory los ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog cov txheej txheem feem ntau ntawm kev phais tshem tawm pob zeb. Abscessing ntawm lub caj pas yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov qhib ntawm abscess los ntawm diluting cov npoo ntawm lub qhov txhab, uas ua kom tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov kua paug tawm thiab tawm ntawm cov calculus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm recurrent pob zeb los yog irreversible hloovNyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov qog qaub ncaug, radical ntsuas yog resorted rau - extirpation ntawm salivary caj pas.
Huab cua thiab tiv thaiv
Thaum hloov mus rau qhov tshem tawm ntawm cov qog qaub ncaug, xerostomia feem ntau tshwm sim, microflora ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav raug cuam tshuam, ceev cov hniav lwj yog pom, uas, tau kawg, ua rau tus neeg mob lub neej zoo. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj ntsib cov tsos mob saum toj no, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim.
Kev kuaj mob ntxov zam kev tshem tawm ntawm lub caj pas, tshem tawm qhov teeb meem los ntawm pob zeb rho tawm.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog kev cais tawm ntawm cov khoom uas ua rau muaj pob zeb:
- ua txhaum ntawm cov ntxhia thiab vitamin metabolism;
- kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm ducts;
- tus cwj pwm phem.
