Cov tshuaj niaj hnub ua rau muaj kev siv zog ntau los tiv thaiv lossis tshawb xyuas ntau yam pathologies ntawm cov qog mammary. Tab sis, txawm hais tias muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv, muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib dav. Microcalcifications nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary - yog dab tsi thiab yog vim li cas lawv txaus ntshai? Dab tsi ua rau qhov tshwm sim no thiab yuav ua li cas nrog lawv? Wb sim saib seb.
Microcalcifications nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary - yog dab tsi?
Qhov tshwm sim zoo li microcalcifications, lossis calcifications (kev tso nyiaj ntawm calcium ntsev), yog qhov ntau heev. Lawv tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov neeg tuag los yog irreversibly hloov cov ntaub so ntswg nyob rau hauv ntau yam tib neeg lub cev. Feem ntau qhov no dhau los ua qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Cov qauv zoo sib xws tuaj yeem pom hauv cov txheej txheem pathological hauv lub ntsws, ob lub raum, siab, prostate. Cov thyroid caj pas thiab lub plawv tsis dim tib txoj hmoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ob qho tib si cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob hauv qab thiab tsis muaj ib qho kev hloov pauv hauvnyob zoo. Lub tsub zuj zuj ntawm microcalcifications nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary tuaj yeem qhia tau tias muaj kab mob loj xws li mob qog noj ntshav mis. Hmoov zoo, kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov qauv no tsis txhais tau tias tsis muaj kev txiav txim siab - oncology tau lees paub tsuas yog hauv 30% ntawm cov neeg mob, thiab cov tsos mob ntxiv yog cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias txawm tias ib qho microcalcification tau pom nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary, qhov no yog vim li cas thiaj tau mus kuaj mob hnyav.
Yog vim li cas thiaj tsim
Ua kom muaj cov microcalcifications, ntxiv rau oncological pathology ntawm cov qog mammary, ntau cov txheej txheem hauv poj niam lub cev tuaj yeem ua tau. Cov feem ntau yog:
- stagnation ntawm mis nyuj thaum lactation thiab pub niam mis;
- menopause;
- ntau dhau ntawm calcium thiab vitamin D ntxiv;
- ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic;
- hnub nyoog hloov pauv.
Txawm li cas los xij, ntxiv rau qhov laj thawj ntawm lub cev, cov kev tsim no kuj muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam pathologies ntawm cov qog mammary. Nrog sclerosing adenosis, fibrocystic mastopathy, microcalcifications kuj pom nyob rau hauv cov qog mammary. Nws yog dab tsi? Cov pathologies no suav hais tias yog cov txheej txheem benign. Feem ntau lawv yog nrog los ntawm qhov mob, aggravated thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub. Ib lub cyst hauv lub caj pas mammary tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov mob ntawm qhov mob hnyav, kis mus rau ntawm caj npab, xub pwg lossis lub xub pwg hniav. Los ntawm kov nrog cov kab mob no, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siabthaj chaw ntawm compaction, nyob ntawm daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob, muaj meej ciam teb los yog dhau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm strands thiab nplua granularity.
Symptomatics ntawm microcalcifications
Qhov phom sij ntawm microcalcifications hauv cov qog mammary nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob yog asymptomatic kiag li. Yog hais tias mob plab nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary yog ib qho yooj yim mus ntes thiab ua nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, ces calcifications, vim lawv me me, tsis tshwm sim lawv tus kheej. Lawv tsis ua rau mob, tsis xis nyob, lossis kub taub hau. Lawv tsuas tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm kev kuaj X-ray. Nyob rau hauv daim duab, microcalcifications nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary yog pom raws li blackouts uas muaj tej yam zoo li thiab localization. Nws yog los ntawm cov kev txwv no uas tus kws kho mob mammologist txiav txim siab muaj cov kab mob pathology thiab kuaj nws.
Kev faib tawm
Raws li txoj cai, microcalcifications hauv cov qog mammary ntawm lawv tus kheej tsis yog ua rau muaj cov txheej txheem pathological. Tab sis lawv lub xub ntiag feem ntau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj mob uas qhia txog qee yam pathology. Txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim los tsim kev kuaj mob kom raug, lawv feem ntau raug cais raws li ob peb yam.
Raws li qhov chaw nyob (qhov chaw) ntawm calcifications hauv lub caj pas mammary, lawv txawv:
- stromal:
- lobular:
Los ntawm lawv qhov kev faib tawm:
- segmental - calcifications nyob rau hauv ib lub lobule ntawm mammary caj pas;
- regional - congestioncalcifications nyob rau hauv ib lobe;
- linear - ntsev deposits yog visually teem nyob rau hauv ib kab;
- pab pawg - qhov ntim ntawm pawg tsis tshaj 2 centimeters;
- diffuse - ib leeg calcifications random faib hla lub hauv siab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, calcifications raug faib nyob ntawm lawv cov duab:
- loj formations nrog meej ciam;
- spot;
- coarse;
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg;
- txoj kab uas muaj ciam teb meej;
- paj rwb.
Stromal microcalcifications
Calcifications ntawm no localization yog qhov kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev kuaj mob oncological pathologies. Cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, fibroadenomas, daim tawv nqaij los yog fatty hlwv nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary ua qhov chaw ntawm lawv tsub zuj zuj. Yog vim li cas rau lawv tsim yog feem ntau necrosis ntawm adipose ntaub so ntswg thiab fibrous formations. Raws li txoj cai, stromal calcifications yog qhov loj me me, tab sis tsis muaj ciam teb meej. Yog hais tias tawg microcalcifications nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary yog tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov qog sebaceous, ces lawv muaj ib tug ntshiab oval los yog ze rau lub duab plaub. Tag nrho cov no ua rau nws yooj yim los txheeb xyuas lawv thaum kuaj X-ray.
Lobular calcifications
Lobular calcifications feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm atrophic hauv cov qog nqaij hlav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo nkauj - kom meej meejpiav qhia txog qhov sib npaug uas nyob hauv ib lossis ntau lub lobes. Raws li txoj cai, lub xub ntiag ntawm xws li deposits yuav luag ib txwm qhia tias muaj cov txheej txheem qog. Hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias qhov kev ntsuam xyuas pom qhov mob tshwm sim hauv lub caj pas mammary, thiab ntawm ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov duab tsis zoo li cov crescents lossis lub tais, fibrocystic mastopathy tuaj yeem kuaj tau qhov tseeb. Txawm li cas los xij, kom tsis suav nrog oncology, kev kuaj ntshav biopsy yog ntxiv.
Qhov ntau tshaj qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem malignant yuav yog nrog cov paj rwb zoo li los yog hmoov zoo li pawg. Nws ntseeg tau tias qhov me me ntawm cov calcifications (lawv qhov loj tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 50 mus rau 500 microns), qhov ntau heterogeneous lawv cov duab thiab ntau chaotic qhov chaw, qhov ntau dua qhov yuav kuaj oncology..
Ductal calcifications
Cov kab mob calcifications hauv cov ducts ntawm cov qog mammary. Yog tias lawv raug tsim los ntawm cov kab mob xws li mastitis lossis duct ectasia, lawv muaj cov kab mob zoo li kab laug sab, ib qho kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv thiab hauv cheeb tsam uas coincides nrog txoj kev duct. Nws tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov calcifications hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov dots lossis ntu me nrog qhov muag plooj, tsis muaj qhov kawg. Qhov no feem ntau yuav qhia tau tias tus txheej txheem tsis zoo.
Diagnosis
Tus kws kho mob mammologist koom nrog kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob no. Qhov teeb meem yog tias ntawm palpationlub mis, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom paub tsis tau tsuas yog tawg microcalcifications nyob rau hauv lub mammary caj pas, tab sis kuj es loj formations. Koj tsuas pom lawv ntawm x-rays xwb. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog 40 xyoo kom tau ib qho mammogram tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug. Txoj kev tshawb no tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob ntawm microcalcifications hauv lub sijhawm, thiab rau ib tus kws tshaj lij uas paub txog nws tsis yooj yim los txiav txim seb tus kab mob twg tshwm sim los ntawm lawv cov tsos. Qee qhov xwm txheej, thaum kuaj pom cov qauv zoo li no, txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer ntawm lub mis, kev kuaj ntshav ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub mis yog ua. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kuaj ntshav biochemical yog qhov yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas keeb kwm yav dhau los.
Kev kho thiab tiv thaiv
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj microcalcifications nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary, kev kho mob yuav nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau lawv. Yog tias qhov kev kuaj mob histological ntawm cov khoom sau tau lees paub tias muaj cov qog nqaij hlav, tom qab ntawd tus kws kho mob oncologist yuav daws qhov no, thiab nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov txheej txheem, chemotherapy yuav tau ua lossis kev kho phais yuav raug sau tseg. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej uas cov txheej txheem tau hloov mus ua benign, tus kws kho mob mammologist tuaj yeem sau tshuaj kho cov tshuaj hormones, zaws lub mis, thiab kev noj zaub mov kom raug.
Raws li kev tiv thaiv, feem ntau nyob ntawm tus poj niam lub peev xwm los saib xyuas nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Peb txhua tus tsis nyob hauv qhov chaw zoo nkauj tshaj plaws, peb feem ntau tsis noj cov zaub mov zoo tshaj plaws thiab ua rau tsis muaj kev noj qab haus huv tshaj plaws. Tab sis nws yog txaus rau ib leeg tawm ib hnub ib xyoos, mus xyuastus kws kho mob mammologist, dhau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tsim nyog thiab ua daim mammogram kom paub meej tias microcalcifications nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary - nws yog dab tsi, seb koj puas muaj lawv los yog tsis, thiab dab tsi yog vim li cas rau lawv cov tsos. Thiab yog tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm calcifications yog qhov hnyav txaus, ces kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm yuav pab tau cov kev ntsuas tsim nyog nyob rau theem pib ntawm tus kab mob.
