Anechoic formations nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary yog heev muaj. Lawv yog cov txheej txheem nodal thiab focal. Lub tswv yim ntawm anechoic neoplasm qhia tau hais tias lub cev qhia tau zoo npaum li cas ntawm ultrasound ntawm nws tus kheej.
Cov ntaub denser, qhov zoo dua nws cov khoom siv. Focal neoplasms muaj qhov loj tshaj echogenicity. Qhov phem tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov, ultrasound qhia txog huab cua, nws yog suav tias yog ib tug kiag li anechoic qauv. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev kuaj mob, nws tuaj yeem kuaj pom qhov tsim nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary.
Txoj kev kawm
Hauv cov poj niam noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hnub nyoog yug me nyuam, ob lub qog mammary muaj cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke, uas ib feem me yog sawv cev los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg adipose, thiab cov qog loj. Cov no suav nrog cov lobules ua los ntawm cov qog hlwb thiab cov ducts lactiferous uas qhib ntawm lub txiv mis.
Adipose ntaub so ntswg zoo lihypoechoic qauv, uas yog tam sim ntawd nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij thiab txiav ntawm pectoral nqaij. Feem ntau, thaum ua kev tshawb fawb, nws pom tau tias yog polyhedral lossis ellipsoidal duab.
thaj chaw mammary muaj tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm echogenicity ntau dua li cov rog thiab cov ntaub so ntswg septa. Thaum kuaj ultrasound, lawv tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kab nyias, cov xwm txheej uas tau soj ntsuam los ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Anechogenic tsim nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary yog ib lub cyst uas tau kuaj pom thaum kuaj ultrasound. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb nws puas mob lossis tsis zoo, yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj thiab tshuaj xyuas cytological ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus.
Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau cov poj niam hnub nyoog nruab nrab tau kuaj pom tias muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, uas tej zaum yuav yog cyst lossis qog nqaij hlav. Qhov tseeb, lawv tshwm sim vim kev hloov pauv hormonal thiab dhau los ua cov kua dej ntau ntxiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias qhov loj me tsis tshaj 1 cm. Yog tias qhov kev tsim loj tuaj, ces yuav tsum tau ua biopsy mus kuaj histological.
hom tsiaj
Muaj ntau hom anechoic formations nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary, uas yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau xws li:
- cystic;
- solid;
- mixed.
Cystic formations feem ntau sib npaug, nrog cov duab meej thiab cov ntsiab lus tsaus nti. Ntau cov hlwv me me yog ib qho kev kuaj mob ntawm mastopathy.
Cov khoom tsim, uas suav nrog abscesses thiab qog, muaj cov qauv ntom. Lawv yogyog puag ncig, oval los yog tsis xwm yeem nyob rau hauv cov duab, thiab tej zaum kuj muaj inclusions ntawm ntau yam ceev. Hom sib xyaw yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev kawm tsis zoo thiab muaj ntau yam kev xaiv.
Rau qhov kev kuaj pom tseeb dua thiab ntxaws ntxaws, ultrasound tau ua nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev kwv yees ib zaug, nrog rau cov xim Doppler mapping hom. Yog tias tsim nyog, elastography tau sau tseg. Qee lub sij hawm tus neeg mob tau muab cov kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntxiv, tshwj xeeb, xws li tomography, x-rays thiab koob biopsy.
Hypoechoic mass
Ib lub mis hypo-anechoic yog ib thaj tsam ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas muaj qhov ntom ntom tsawg piv rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub mis. Cov kab mob pathological no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov poj niam. Feem ntau nws raug kuaj pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog 45 xyoos. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsis pom cov kab mob pathology hauv tus poj niam ua ntej lub cev tsis muaj zog, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsis tshwm sim.
Muaj ntau ntau qhov laj thawj rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kawm zoo li no, lawv yuav tsum suav nrog xws li:
- ntau lossis atypical cyst;
- fibroadenoma;
- glandular carcinoma;
- mastopathy;
- adenosis;
- benign qog.
Lub cyst feem ntau muaj qhov pom tseeb, thiab tseem muaj qhov txawv ntawm qhov muaj ntau cov calcifications uas nce ntxiv thaum tus kab mob loj tuaj. Glandular carcinoma muaj cov qauv heterogeneous thiab tsis muaj cov qauv qhia meej.
Fibroadenoma - focal compaction nrog cov duab meej. Qee zaum, nws zoo limalignant qog, yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau kuaj ntxiv. Adenosis yog ib qho neoplasm nrog qhov muag plooj thiab tsis muaj qhov tseeb.
Fibrocystic mastopathy yog ntau homogeneous foob uas tshwm sim vim kev hloov pauv hormonal hauv lub cev. Lub qog benign yog cov qog tsis muaj vascular network. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias hypoechogenicity kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm lub mis nws tus kheej.
Kev tshwm sim
Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm kev tsim cov qauv anechoic hauv lub hauv siab tsuas yog tom qab kuaj pom. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau yam ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws txoj kev loj hlob. Ntawm lawv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hais txog xws li:
- hloov pauv tshuaj hormones vim qhov ua tsis tau zoo ntawm kev ua menyuam yaus lossis endocrine system;
- menopause;
- xeeb tub;
- raug UV ntau dhau;
- mechanical mob hauv siab;
- nrawm thermal ua haujlwm;
- metabolic disorder;
- kev ntxhov siab ntau zaus uas ua rau muaj cov tshuaj hormonal surge.
Ntxiv rau, kev txhim kho ntawm anechoic tsim nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary tej zaum yuav yog vim cov caj ces predisposition, kev phais lub mis, thiab kev tswj tsis tau ntawm kev siv tshuaj hormonal contraceptives.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Me me me anechoic tsim hauv paus tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis xis nyob txhua qhov thiab raug kuaj pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo. Txawm li cas los xij, hauvQee qhov xwm txheej, tej yam tshwm sim yuav tshwm sim, ntawm qhov uas nws yuav tsum tau ua kom pom xws li:
- hnyav, mob thiab kub hnyiab hauv siab;
- tso zis tso zis;
- hloov lub mis lub cev thiab xim tawv nqaij;
- xov tooj cua axillary o.
Mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsis tu ncua lossis tshwm sim txhua lub sijhawm. Yeej, tsis xis nyob nce ua ntej kev coj khaub ncaws los yog nyob rau theem ob ntawm lub voj voog. Cov tsos mob ntawm cyst feem ntau nyob ntawm nws qhov chaw thiab qhov loj. Yog tias cov qog nyob ze ntawm cov kua mis, tej zaum yuav muaj paug tawm ntawm lub txiv mis, thiab cov qog loj feem ntau hloov cov duab lossis qhov loj ntawm lub mis.
txhawm rau kuaj pom qhov tshwm sim hyperechoic nrog cov tsos mob anechoic, cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog laus dua raug pom zoo kom kuaj xyuas lub mis tsawg kawg ib zaug txhua rau lub hlis txhawm rau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem raws sijhawm thiab pib kho thaum pib theem. ntawm tus kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom ua lub sijhawm kuaj tus kheej ntawm lub mis los ntawm palpation.
Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev kuaj xyuas sab nraud qhia tau hais tias asymmetry ntawm lub caj pas mammary. Thaum lub sij hawm palpation, ib tug sib npaug compacted tsim yog kuaj.
Diagnostics
Nws yuav pab kom pom qhov anechoic loj ultrasound ntawm lub mis. Qee zaum txoj kev no tsis txaus rau kev kuaj mob kom raug. Hauv qhov no, kuaj ntshav rau cov tshuaj hormones, tso zis dav dav thiab kuaj ntshav, nrog rau kev kuaj mob raum thiab daim siab.
UaKev txiav txim siab txog qhov ua rau thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob, thaum lub sijhawm kawm, tus kws kho mob ultrasound ntsuas tus qauv ntawm neoplasm raws li qhov tsis xws li:
- echogenicity;
- qauv;
- localization thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg;
- mobility;
- ciam teb thiab cov txheej txheem;
- tsis muaj lossis muaj cov nkoj, lawv tus lej.
Echogenicity yog piv nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv nruab nrog cev lossis cov qauv uas nyob ib sab. Neoplasm tuaj yeem ua homogeneous lossis heterogeneous. Nws cov qauv feem ntau yog vim muaj kev suav nrog ntawm qhov qis lossis siab ceev.
Ib qho yooj yim anechoic avascular loj nyob rau hauv lub caj pas mammary ntawm ultrasound yog tshwm sim raws li ib tug rounded tsaus qog nrog meej contours thiab homogeneous txheem. Lawv qhov tshwj xeeb yog qhov muaj cov nyhuv ntawm amplification raws phab ntsa tom qab. Ib qho anechoic avascular loj tsis pom cov hlab ntsha hauv lub mis.
Ib lub cyst complex tuaj yeem ua tau ntau chav, muaj septa nrog cov hlab ntsha thiab suav nrog loj. Lawv tsis yog ib txwm zoo, tab sis feem ntau asymptomatic.
Galactocele yog ib qho chaw nthuav dav ntawm lub caj pas lactiferous ntawm lub caj pas, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib sau ntau dhau ntawm cov zais zis. Xws li kev hloov pauv zoo li ib qho protrusion ntawm ib qho ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov kav dej. Lub neoplasm zoo li lub cyst nrog homogeneous cov ntsiab lus. Nws feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov poj niam uas tau pub niam mis thiab tsis muaj kev phom sij txhua.
Fibroadenoma yog ib qho anechoickev kawm nrog meej contours. Nws muaj lub cev tsis tu ncua, ib homogeneous qauv, lub vascular rim thiab nyias capsule. Cancer yog ib tug tsim ntawm me me los yog siab ceev nrog indistinct tuberous contours. Nws qhov ntev yuav txawv. Mob qog noj ntshav yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj ntau yam kev suav nrog, nrog rau lub hauv paus lossis hom ntshav sib xyaw.
Ntawm cov txheej txheem kev tshawb fawb, tomography yog siv, nrog rau cov duab hluav taws xob nrog qhov sib txawv. Yog tias tag nrho cov txheej txheem no tsis pab kuaj mob neoplasm, tom qab ntawd muab tshuaj rau kev kuaj ntshav ntawm cov kab noj hniav anechoic lossis laparoscopy.
Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog kev soj ntsuam dynamic thiab ua ib qho ultrasound thib ob ntawm cov anechoic loj ib zaug txhua ob peb lub hlis.
Txoj kev kho mob
Kev kho kom tiav ntawm kev tsim anechoic hauv qog mammary tsuas yog tom qab kuaj xyuas tus neeg mob thiab kuaj mob. Kev kho tshuaj yog nqa tawm thaum kuaj pom benign thiab cystic neoplasms. Cov kev kho mob suav nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj ntsuab, thiab tshuaj hormonal.
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory, Wobenzym thiab Ibuprofen raug tshuaj. Thawj zaug yog feem ntau sau rau mastopathy. Cov tshuaj ntsuab muaj xws li "Fitonol", uas yog siv rau txhua hom qog nqaij hlav hauv lub mis, nrog rau "Indinol", uas pab tshem tawm cov kab mob cystic fibrous.
Utrozhestan, Estrogel thiab Duphaston feem ntau yog tshuaj los ntawm cov tshuaj hormonal. Txhua yam tshuaj yuav tsum raug xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob tom qab ua tiav kev kuaj, kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig tau txais, thiab kuaj mob.
Nrog kev tsim anechoic avascular, yuav tsum tau kho cov tshuaj vitamin ntxiv. Nws raug nquahu kom suav nrog ntau cov zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab hauv koj cov zaub mov raws li qhov ua tau. Vitamin A txhim kho kev loj hlob ntawm tes, normalizes cov tshuaj hormones, thiab tseem pab lub siab ua haujlwm zoo. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv apricots, txiv duaj, txiv lws suav, carrots.
Vitamin C pab txhawb rau normalization ntawm redox cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom ntawm lub cev, thiab kuj normalizes lub zog txuag muaj nuj nqi. Ascorbic acid muaj nyob hauv yuav luag txhua yam khoom noj. Vitamin E ua haujlwm tiv thaiv, tshwj xeeb, nws tiv thaiv cov hlwb los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm cov dawb radicals. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj xws li mis nyuj, qe, zaub roj.
Tom qab kev kuaj mob kom raug thaum pom muaj qhov hnyav hauv lub mis, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau ntawv kho lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias rau qee hom qog nqaij hlav, xws li kev kho mob yog nruj me ntsis contraindicated. Tshwj xeeb, nws tsis raug sau tseg nrog qhov muaj feem ntau ntawm degeneration ntawm neoplasm mus rau mob qog noj ntshav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, physiotherapy cov tswv yim los ua ib tug catalyst rau qhov pib ntawm tus txheej txheem malignancy.
Qee zaum, cov tshuaj pej xeem thiab cov tswv yim tuaj yeem siv los kho cov kab mob anechoic avascular. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum xub sab laj nrogkws kho mob hais txog lub xub ntiag ntawm contraindications. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua kom kub compresses, siv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab da dej ntawm cawv, thiab tseem ua rau lub ntsej muag muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj pleev kom sov.
Raws li kev kho pej xeem, koj tuaj yeem siv daim ntawv ntawm coltsfoot lossis burdock, uas yuav tsum tau siv rau thaj tsam cuam tshuam ua ntej mus pw. Thaum sawv ntxov, so lub hauv siab nrog ib daim ntaub ntub dej thiab siv cov roj burdock me ntsis.
Npaj ib qho sib xyaw ntawm burdock hauv paus, zib ntab thiab castor roj. Ua ib qho compress los ntawm cov khoom npaj thiab tawm mus ib hmos. Rau tib lub hom phiaj, koj tuaj yeem siv tws taub dag pulp. Lwm zoo compress yog nplooj nplooj cabbage. Sprinkle me ntsis butter rau nws thiab sprinkle maj mam nrog ntsev. Tom qab ntawd, siv rau qhov chaw mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev kho mob pej xeem muaj xws li ntau yam infusions thiab decoctions ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab.
Raws li cov tshuaj ntxiv, tshuaj homeopathic yog siv. Ntawm lawv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hais txog xws li:
- Mastodinon.
- Cyclodynon.
- YMastopol.
- YMastiol-Edas.
Ib yam ntawm cov nyiaj no yog qhov tsis muaj kev phiv. Qee zaum, tej zaum yuav muaj kev tsis haum rau cov tshuaj.
Nrog rau qhov loj me ntawm kev tsim anechogenic, kev ua haujlwm yuav raug sau tseg. Rau malignant neoplasms, kev kho mob ntxiv xws li tshuaj tua kab mob lossis hluav taws xob yog siv. Muaj qee yam contraindications rau kev phais, uas suav nrog cov hnub nyoog siab, muaj cov hlab plawvcov kab mob, nrog rau mob qog noj ntshav nyob rau theem siab heev nrog cov metastases. Nws raug nquahu kom ua cov kev kho mob nyuaj, vim qhov no yuav ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj yuav tshwm sim
Yog tias qhov kev ntsuas tsim nyog tsis raug coj mus rau lub sijhawm kom tshem tawm cov kab mob sib npaug hauv lub caj pas mammary, ces muaj ntau yam teeb meem tshwm sim, uas suav nrog degeneration rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav.
Lub cyst tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij tshwj xeeb thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub neej, tshwj tsis yog nws loj dhau. Cov teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm o los yog suppuration ntawm cov qog.
Tus mob no yuav tsum tau kho tshuaj tua kab mob sai thiab phais. Lub cyst loj heev tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha nyob ze, cov leeg, thiab cov hlab ntsha, ua rau cov tsos mob sib xws. Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem dhau los ua malignant thiab metastasize yav tom ntej. Qhov no ua rau nyuaj rau cov txheej txheem kho mob thiab ua rau qhov kev mob tshwm sim kom rov zoo.
Kev ntsuas tus kab mob
Nrog rau kev kuaj mob raws sijhawm thiab kev kho kom raug, qhov kev cia siab rau kev rov zoo yog qhov zoo. Yog tias koj tig mus rau tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd tom qab thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, qhov no yuav tshem tawm cov neoplasm thaum pib.
Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias tsis yog tag nrho cov qog yog pathological. Qhov no tsuas yog txiav txim los ntawm tus neeg tsim nyog.
prophylaxis
Txhua yam kab mob no yooj yim dua los tiv thaiv dua li kho tau ntev. Muaj qee cov lus qhia thiab kev ua kom yuam kev uas tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub mis cysts. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum txo qis kev noj cov tshuaj yej muaj zog thiab kas fes. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub paj hlwb, cuam tshuam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub caj pas mammary.
Nws tseem ceeb heev kom ua raws li cov cai no:
- hnav lub tsho zoo nkauj uas yuav tsis nyem koj ob lub mis;
- tau so zoo, zam kev ntxhov siab;
- tshem tawm haus cawv;
- noj tshuaj hormonal nkaus xwb nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm kws kho mob;
- tsis txhob raug mob lub mis.
Koj yuav tsum tso tseg kev haus luam yeeb, vim qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj kab mob hauv lub mis. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los muab kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov hnyav nce ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov tshuaj hormonal, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov tsos ntawm cov qog mammary.
Nws raug pom zoo kom mus ntsib kws kho mob gynecologist thiab tus kws kho mob mammologist tsis tu ncua, raws li lub sijhawm kuaj pom kab mob tau kho sai dua thiab ua tau zoo dua.
