Menopause tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm hormonal tsis txaus vim kev phais. Menopause tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau cov txheej txheem ntawm extinction ntawm cov qe menyuam uas tshwm sim ib txwm tsis muaj teeb meem, tshwm sim sai sai thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem ntawm tus kheej.
Puas menopause tom qab hysterectomy?
Cov kab mob ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua lub hnub nyoog. Cov poj niam muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 40 xyoo muaj kev pheej hmoo siab. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kab mob yuav daws tau tsuas yog los ntawm kev phais mob nyob rau hauv lub cev xeeb tub.
Kev taw qhia rau kev ua haujlwm:
- loj fibroids;
- mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub ncauj tsev menyuam;
- kab mob thiab mob;
- prolapse ntawm lub paum phab ntsa thiab prolapse ntawm lub tsev menyuam;
- uterine los ntshav;
- tom qab yug me nyuam nrog hnyav los ntshav vim flakingplacenta;
- nrog placenta accreta.
Nyob ntawm tus kws kho mob cov tshuaj, lub cev xeeb tub ntawm ntau qhov chaw raug txiav:
- Extirpation ntawm lub tsev menyuam yam tsis muaj appendages. Lub tsev menyuam thiab lub ncauj tsev menyuam raug phais.
- Pangisterectomy - kev ua haujlwm tshem tawm lub tsev menyuam, ncauj tsev menyuam thiab appendages.
- Amputation of the uterus without appendages. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tsuas yog lub tsev menyuam raug tshem tawm.
- Kev txiav lub tsev menyuam nrog cov appendages. Kev phais tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab appendages.
Kev tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam yam tsis muaj appendages yog qhov kev ua haujlwm qis tshaj plaws uas khaws cov tshuaj hormonal hauv qab ntawm tus poj niam. Vim tias lub zes qe menyuam thiab lub tsev me nyuam nyob tsis zoo, qhov kev cuam tshuam tsis tshua ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev phais mob menopause.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm menopause tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab cov appendages hu ua dag menopause. Hauv kev kho mob, cov txheej txheem no yog siv los tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm mob qog noj ntshav. Txawm hais tias muaj tseeb tias txhua hom mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau nyob hauv lub tsev menyuam, qhov tshwm sim ntawm zes qe menyuam ua rau muaj feem ntau ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, qhov muaj feem yuav nce ntxiv rau tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog.
Cov kws kho mob feem ntau ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev khaws cia ntawm cov appendages, vim nws yog nyob rau hauv zes qe menyuam uas tsim cov hormonal keeb kwm yav dhau los tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm poj niam lub cev.
Post-operative period
Climax tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab zes qe menyuam - qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm, uas tus neeg mobqhia ua ntej kev phais.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm post-hysterectomy syndrome: cov ntshav tsis txaus rau lub zes qe menyuam, tom qab tshem tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv tsev menyuam thiab lawv cov ceg ntawm lub cev. Vim cov ntshav tsis txaus, lub zes qe menyuam tuaj yeem txo qhov loj thiab tsis ua haujlwm hormonal kom raug.
Txawm tias yuav muaj poj niam cev xeeb tub tom qab tshem lub tsev menyuam thiab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm nws tshwm sim nyob ntawm:
- ntim khoom lag luam;
- tus kheej tus qauv ntawm kev ua me nyuam ua ntej kev phais;
- neeg mob hnub nyoog;
- kev noj qab haus huv.
Feem ntau, qhov loj ntawm qhov ntim ntawm kev phais mob cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm tom qab phais. Yog hais tias ib lub zes qe menyuam ntxiv lossis lub tsev menyuam raug tshem tawm, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm menopause tom qab kev phais yuav nce ntxiv.
Menopause hauv cov poj niam tom qab hysterectomy feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg laus. Nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm txhua tus poj niam, ib tug neeg tsis hloov pauv tus naj npawb ntawm cov qe yog pw, ib tug ntawm cov uas tawm los nrog txhua txhua cev khaub ncaws. Yog li, nrog lub hnub nyoog, tus poj niam cev xeeb tub tej zaum yuav tau depleted heev, thiab kev phais thiab circulatory disorders nyob rau hauv nws tsuas yog accelerates tus txheej txheem ntawm menopause. Txawm hais tias menopause tshwm sim tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam ncaj qha nyob ntawm tus kheej cov qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub cev xeeb tub. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias cov ntshav muab rau lub zes qe menyuam los ntawm cov hlab ntsha uterine nyob rau hauv cov poj niam lub cev tshwm sim raws li ib tug neeg ntim,thiab qhov siab dua cov ntshav ntws mus rau zes qe menyuam los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv tsev menyuam ua ntej ua haujlwm, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm PGS ntau dua tom qab tshem tawm.
Cov kab mob ntev thiab kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau qhov kev kawm ntawm tus mob tom qab phais. Hauv particular, ntshav qab zib mellitus, rog rog, venous expansion ntawm lub plab veins, impaired lymph outflow, kub siab.
Cov tsos mob thaum ntxov ntawm menopause
Qhov kev poob qis ntawm lub cev xeeb tub tshwm sim zoo. Tus poj niam lub cev muaj sij hawm los hloov kho cov kev hloov hauv cov keeb kwm hormonal, yog li cov tsos mob ntawm menopause tshwm sim tsawg dua thiab muaj kev sib haum xeeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv dag zog thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo tom qab kev tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam tshwm sim sai sai, thiab nws cov tsos mob tau tshaj tawm thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus poj niam lub cev.
Peb lub lis piam tom qab kev ua haujlwm, menopause tshwm tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Cov tsos mob conditionally, raws li localization ntawm raug, muab faib ua plaub pawg.
Lub cev mob
Kev ua txhaum ntawm lub cev ua haujlwm ntawm zes qe menyuam ua rau ebb thiab ntws, uas yog positioned raws li cov cim thaum ntxov ntawm menopause tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Lawv cov tsos mob tshwm sim:
- nyob rau hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias;
- tawm hws ntau dhau;
- sudden hloov ntshav siab.
Flushing thaum cev xeeb tub tom qab tshem tawm lub tsev menyuam tuaj yeem tshwm sim 30 txog 50 zaug hauv ib hnub thiab kav ntev tshaj tsib xyoos. Xws li lub cevlub xeev ntawm lub cev ua rau poob siab thiab txaj muag nyob rau hauv ib tug poj niam, ib tug xov tooj ntawm ntxiv kev puas siab puas ntsws teeb meem.
YHormonal disorders
Cov tshuaj hormone estrogen yog lub luag haujlwm rau moisturizing cov mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab cov hlab ntsha fallopian. Nws cov nyiaj tsis txaus ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov mucous membranes, thaum lub sijhawm lawv ua thinner thiab qhuav. Ib tug poj niam xav tias tsis xis nyob, nyiam kom tso tseg kev sib raug zoo, vim tias tsis muaj dej noo ua rau mob. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog tus khub thiab kev nyuaj siab ntev tuaj yeem ua tau.
Estrogen tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb, tshwj xeeb yog nws cuam tshuam kev paub txog kev paub thiab cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog lawv. Cognitive impairment ua rau:
- kev ua txhaum cai;
- bandwidth ntawm kev nkag siab thiab assimilation ntawm cov ntaub ntawv;
- teeb meem nco txog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab.
Cov kev tshwm sim no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxiv ntawm tus poj niam.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb
Raws li kev txheeb cais, ntau dua 60% ntawm cov poj niam uas tau ntsib poj niam tom qab tshem tawm lub tsev menyuam tau paub txog qhov teeb meem no. Qhov tsis txaus saturation ntawm lub cev nrog kev sib deev cov tshuaj hormones adversely cuam tshuam lub functionality ntawm lub vegetative system thiab pab rau cov tsos ntawm:
- txo qis hauv kev ua haujlwm;
- faus;
- kev qaug zog ntawm lub cev;
- mob taub hau ntau zuj zus musmigraines;
- ib nrab ntu tsis tu ncua;
- tachycardia;
- kiv taub hau thiab tsis nco qab;
- kab mob neurological.
Kev puas siab puas ntsws
Txawm hais tias tus poj niam tau npaj siab npaum li cas ua ntej kev ua haujlwm, lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab kev ntxhov siab hnyav pib tom qab tshem tawm ntawm tsev menyuam. Cov neeg mob muaj inferiority complexes thiab ntev kev nyuaj siab. Tawm tsam keeb kwm no, muaj:
- excessive impulsivity;
- kev ntxhov siab ntau ntxiv;
- chim heev;
- bright outbursts of unwarranted npau taws;
- kev nyuaj siab ntev;
- tsis muaj kev xav;
- kua muag;
- kev ntshai.
Cov teeb meem puas siab puas ntsws uas tau tshwm sim tsis tso cai rau lub cev hloov mus rau lub xeev tshiab thiab, ua ke nrog rau lwm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev laus, tuaj yeem loj hlob mus rau cov kab mob ntev. Nws yog tsim nyog los daws cov teeb meem no tam sim ntawd, vim hais tias tsuas yog los ntawm kev kho cov kev puas siab puas ntsws lub xeev, ib tug poj niam yuav muaj peev xwm muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab rov xav tias tag nrho cov kev xyiv fab ntawm nws lub neej qub. Kev rov qab mus rau hom yav dhau los ntawm lub neej yuav tsum tau nqa tawm maj mam. Kev qaug zog ntau dhau thiab stimuli sab nraud tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim.
Cov tsos mob lig ntawm menopause
Cov tsos mob ntawm menopause tom qab hysterectomy tuaj yeem tshwm sim thawj zaug tom qab lub sijhawm ntev:
- Kab mob ntawm cov kab mob genitourinary. Cov xwm txheej thiab cov qauv ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub genitourinary system ncaj qhanyob ntawm qhov keeb kwm ntawm hormonal. Qee lub sij hawm tom qab kev phais, lawv qhov tsis txaus tuaj yeem ua rau cov urethra nyias nyias, mob thaum tso zis, lossis tso zis tsis txaus.
- Ib tug poj niam lub cev tsis tsim collagen thiab elastin. Qhov no ua rau cov tawv nqaij qhuav, nrawm nrawm, plaub hau poob, nkig rau tes. Qhov hnyav nce nrawm kuj tuaj yeem yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob metabolic.
- Kab mob plawv. Estrogen koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm cardioprotective, thiab nws qhov tsis muaj tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha tawg, thrombosis, arteriosclerosis, mob stroke thiab plawv nres.
- Osteoporosis. Hormonal imbalance feem ntau ua rau pob txha kab mob, tuaj yeem txo cov pob txha ceev, ua rau brittleness thiab fragility.
Tom qab ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj lub cev thiab nquag mus ntsib kws kho mob txhawm rau kuaj xyuas cov kab mob thaum ntxov.
Ntau yam kev phais mob menopause
Climax tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev phais. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ntau hom, dhau ntawm nws tus kheej lossis xav tau kev kho mob mus sij hawm ntev thiab kev saib xyuas kev kho mob. Yuav kom nkag siab tias yuav tsum ua li cas, nws yuav tsum nkag siab qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov teeb meem.
Post-operative menopause tuaj yeem yog:
- ntxov - cov tsos mob ntawm menopause tshwm sim sai tom qab ua haujlwm;
- lig - cov tsos mob pib lub hli mus rau ib xyoos tom qab;
- transient - cov tsos mob pib ntxov thiab daws lawv tus kheej tom qab ob peb lub hlis;
- persistent - cov tsos mob tsis tu ncua thiab zoo li mob zuj zus.
Tsis txhob kuaj tus kheej. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob thiab hom kev laus, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob gynecologist. Tsuas yog ib tus kws paub txog kev paub txog tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntev npaum li cas menopause tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab nws muaj tus cwj pwm dab tsi, hauv txhua kis.
txoj kev kho
Yav dhau los nws tau ntseeg tias kev ua cev tsis muaj zog tom qab tshem lub tsev menyuam thiab zes qe menyuam tsis tuaj yeem kho tau, tab sis cov kws kho mob niaj hnub thiab kws tshuaj tau tsim ntau cov tswv yim los daws qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev phais mob hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob kom zoo, nrog rau qhov pib ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog, cov neeg mob muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm 4-5 xyoo dhau los. Nrog rau kev kho mob kev kho mob, kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab cardiopathic teeb meem tsis tshwm sim, cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev xeeb tub yog regenerated, thiab hormonal keeb kwm yav dhau yog khaws cia nyob rau theem tsim nyog.
Kev kho mob
Kev cuam tshuam hauv keeb kwm hormonal rau txhua tus poj niam yog tus kheej. Kev npaj rau cev xeeb tub tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tuaj koom raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev sim.
Kev kho tshuaj hormone yog ua tiav yog tias tus poj niam lub cev tsis tuaj yeem ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kheej tsim cov tshuaj hormones kev sib deev. Hauv qhov nomuab qhov tsim nyog hormonal keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas muaj cov tshuaj hormones uas ploj lawm. Kev kho tej zaum yuav yog estrogen-based los yog ua ke. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev npaj ua ke, ntxiv rau cov tshuaj estrogen, kuj suav nrog progesterone.
Cov tshuaj estrogen muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, dragees, qhov chaw mos suppositories, thaj ua rau thaj, cream thiab gels, thiab cov khoom ua ke feem ntau muaj tsuas yog tshuaj rau qhov ncauj siv.
Ua ntej noj tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kuaj kom tiav, thiab nrog kev siv cov tshuaj hormones ntev, kev kuaj mob tau ua txhua xyoo.
Thov nco ntsoov tias kev noj tshuaj hormonal txwv nruj rau cov neeg mob uas tau ntsib lossis raug mob qog noj ntshav.
YKev kho mob Phytoestrogen
Feem ntau cov nplej muaj estrogens. Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj contraindications lossis kev tsis haum tshuaj rau kev noj cov tshuaj pharmacological, kev kho mob menopause tom qab tshem tawm lub tsev menyuam tuaj yeem ua raws li kev noj phytoestrogens. Nco ntsoov suav nrog cov cereal hauv qab no hauv koj cov zaub mov:
- nqaij;
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg;
- pob kws;
- oats;
- soy;
- lentils;
- hops;
- linen;
- yam;
- alfalfa;
- Cimicifuga;
- clover.
Qee cov tshuaj yog ua raws li cov tshuaj estrogens ntuj pom nyob rau hauv cov kab lis kev cai no thiab tseem siv tau rau contraindications rau kev siv tshuaj hormonal.
Kev kho lub siab thiab kev pab
Raws li tau hais ua ntej, lub xeev kev xav ntawm tus poj niam ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev thaum rov zoo tom qab phais. Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, complexes ntawm cov vitamins thiab minerals uas muaj ntau ntawm magnesium thiab hlau, kev noj zaub mov thiab lwm yam kev pab kom rov qab sai thiab tswj lub cev ib txwm muaj tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv txoj kev kho mob.
Yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv thiab cov hlab plawv, cov tshuaj tsim nyog tau qhia.
Cov lus qhia rov qab
Tom qab kev phais, tus poj niam lub cev tau ntsib nrog kev cuam tshuam loj ntawm cov tshuaj hormonal, thiab tus poj niam nws tus kheej muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuaj siab ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub sijhawm postoperative yog nrog rau kev kho mob ntev, thaum lub sijhawm lub cev yuav tsum tau txhawb nqa.
Txhawm rau txhawb kom rov zoo sai thiab ntws ntawm kev phais mob, koj yuav tsum ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo tau muab rau kev kho tus kheej, nrog rau cov lus pom zoo:
- Ib puag ncig zoo muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kho kom rov zoo sai. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tshem tawm cov irritants, tsim kom muaj ib qho chaw zoo thiab xis nyob. Cov txheeb ze thiab cov neeg nyob ze yuav tsum muab kev txhawb nqa ncaj ncees. Yog tias qhov no ua tsis tau, koj tuaj yeem tiv tauj tus kws kho mob hlwb lossis cov chaw zov me nyuamtxhawb nqa.
- Siv sijhawm ntau li ntau tau sab nraum zoov thiab ua kom qhov cua tsis tu ncua. Saturation ntawm cov hlwb nrog oxygen pab txhawb rau normalization ntawm lub hlwb-lub siab lub ntsws thiab coj cov kev ua ntawm lub cev rov qab mus rau qhov qub.
- Noj zaub mov kom txaus. Tshem tawm cov khoom noj rog los ntawm kev siv txhua hnub thiab tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom noj uas muaj cov rog trans rog. Cov khoom no hauv cov khoom noj muaj peev xwm ua rau cov ntshav khiav tsis zoo thiab ua rau cov hlab ntsha venous, thaum ua rau cov tshuaj hormones ntau ntxiv hauv zes qe menyuam.
- Tsim kom muaj kev sib luag txhua hnub. Tsis tsaug zog thiab ua haujlwm ntau dhau yog qhov ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuaj siab nyob mus ib txhis. Ib qho kev puas siab puas ntsws uas twb muaj lawm tuaj yeem raug rhuav tshem tag nrho thaum tsis muaj qhov sib npaug txhua hnub. Kev pw tsaug zog yuav tsum tsawg kawg yog yim teev hauv ib hnub, pom zoo kom noj su luv luv, thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum sib npaug nrog kev so thiab kev lom zem.
- Nws raug nquahu kom saib xyuas koj tus kheej, mob siab rau sijhawm ntau rau kev saib xyuas tus kheej. Txawm hais tias tus poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav kav ntev npaum li cas tom qab tshem tawm ntawm tsev menyuam, tus poj niam ib txwm xav kom zoo nkauj, thiab tus cwj pwm zoo li no yuav pab koj zoo siab thiab tswj lub siab zoo.
Txawm li cas los xij tshwm sim los ntawm qhov pib ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog, tus poj niam uas muaj tus mob no xav tau kev saib xyuas thiab tswj xyuas. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias nrog menopause, exacerbations ntawm cov kab mob ntev, dhiantshav siab, kiv taub hau thiab ua tsis taus pa. Nws tsis pom zoo kom tsav tsheb, koom nrog hauv kev ua kis las thiab ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm tias tom qab tag nrho cov kev tshem tawm (extirpation) ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab nws cov appendages, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob gynecologist tsis tu ncua. Nws yog txwv tsis pub nqa qhov hnyav, raws li kev tso zis ntawm lub zais zis thiab tso zis ntxiv tuaj yeem ua tau.
