Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav xav txog cov theem ntawm osteochondrosis ntawm tus txha caj qaum. Cov kab mob no yog cov kab mob pathological, tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los uas muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm degenerative-dystrophic xwm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm pob txha mos ntawm tus txha caj qaum. Cov kev hloov no yog nrog los ntawm kev cuam tshuam hauv cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov intervertebral discs. Nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw, lub ncauj tsev menyuam, thoracic thiab lumbar osteochondrosis yog qhov txawv. Cov theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob muaj cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob mus dhau ntau theem.
First stage
Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob pathological nyob rau hauv lub nucleus pulposus ntawm lub disc ntawm lub vertebrae. Kev thauj khoom ntau dhau ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum ua rau lub cev qhuav dej ntawm cov tub ntxhais, uas ua rau txo qis hauv qhov siab ntawm lub disc thiab provokes cov tsos ntawm cov kab nrib pleb hauv lub nplhaib fibrous. Raws li txoj cai, thawj theem ntawm osteochondrosis kis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv latent, tsis muajcov tsos mob hnyav. Qee lub sij hawm tus kab mob no nrog me ntsis tsis xis nyob tom qab nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw zoo li qub los yog, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nyob rau hauv active zog.
thib ob ntawm tus kabmob
theem thib ob ntawm osteochondrosis yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txo qis dua hauv qhov siab ntawm cov discs, uas ua rau kom qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov vertebrae puas thiab sagging ntawm ligaments thiab cov leeg ntawm tus txha caj qaum. Cov txheej txheem no yog nrog los ntawm kev nce hauv kev txav ntawm vertebrae nrog cov discs uas puas lawm, uas ua hem kom plam thiab tshem tawm lawv. Theem 2 osteochondrosis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob xws li tsis xis nyob, mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob hnyav nrog qee yam kev tawm dag zog, kev tawm dag zog lossis kev txav.
Thib peb ntawm pathology
Nyob rau theem thib peb ntawm osteochondrosis, protrusions thiab prolapses ntawm intervertebral discs tshwm sim, uas tuaj yeem ua rau subluxations thiab arthrosis ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm vertebrae. Nrog rau qee qhov kev txav, tus neeg mob yuav hnov tsis txaus txav thiab nruj, loog loog thiab tingling hauv cov ceg. Nyob rau theem thib peb, qhov mob syndrome yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais, nyob rau hauv lub caj dab, nraub qaum, sab nraub qaum thiab sacrum thiab coccyx. Qhov chaw cuam tshuam nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov cuam tshuam.
Thaum mus txog theem plaub ntawm osteochondrosis, tib neeg lub cev sim ua kom them nyiaj rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txav mus los ntawm cov vertebrae thiab hloov mus rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm tus txha caj qaum. Qhov twg cov vertebrae nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ib leeg, osteophytes yog tsim, uas yog tsim los rauruaj cov pob txha. Qee qhov xwm txheej, txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau pinching ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab ua rau raug mob rau vertebrae. Ankylosis ntawm fibrous hom yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov pob qij txha thiab intervertebral discs. Yog tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab microtraumas ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov hauv paus hniav, cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob yuav poob lawv qhov hnyav.
theem ntawm lumbar osteochondrosis
Cov kws kho mob paub qhov txawv 4 degrees ntawm osteochondrosis hauv thaj tsam lumbar. Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum.
1 degree yog thawj theem, thaum hloov pauv hauv disks tsis tshua pom. Tsis muaj zog (tolerable) mob nrog tus kab mob.
2 degree - qhov mob ntawm sab nraub qaum muab rau cov leeg gluteal thiab sab ceg, txav tau txwv. Qhov tsis xis nyob yuav muaj zog dua li cov hlab ntsha yog pinched vim qhov nqaim ntawm lub lumen ntawm lub vertebrae. Cov duab ntawm lub disc hloov, nws flattens thiab protrudes. So massages thiab ce yuav tsis pab nyob rau theem no.
3 degree tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub nplhaib fibrous yog torn, thiab nws cov ntsiab lus ntws mus rau hauv thaj tsam intervertebral. Tus neeg ntawd hnov mob thiab tsis xis nyob tas li. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj, kev tawm dag zog thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kws kho mob phau ntawv nyob rau theem no twb nyuam qhuav pom.
4 degree - cov kev hloov pauv tsis tau hauv qab no tau pom: pob txha mos atrophy, ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm vertebrae. Muaj teeb meem nrog kev txav mus los, thiab hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav - kev txwv tag nrho ntawm kev txav mus los thiab kev tsis taus. Cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha tau pinched, uas ua rau paresis thiab tuag tes tuag taw.
Viewskab mob
Symptomatology nyob ntawm tsis tsuas yog nyob rau theem ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis, tab sis kuj nyob ntawm hom pathology.
Tus kab mob no tau muab faib ua ntau yam. Los ntawm localization, ncauj tsev menyuam, thoracic, lumbar thiab sacral osteochondrosis yog qhov txawv. Kuj tseem muaj cov kab mob sib xyaw lossis ua ke hauv zos. Lub pathology nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm tus txha caj qaum, nyob ntawm seb qhov kev kho mob tshwm sim, kuj muab faib ua subspecies.
Yog li, cervical osteochondrosis tuaj yeem yog hom hauv qab no:
- Raws li hom reflex syndrome, cervicocranialgia, cervicalgia thiab cervicobrachialgia yog qhov txawv, tshwm sim los ntawm cov leeg nqaij-tonal, vegetative-vascular thiab neurodystrophic cov cim. Lub ci ci ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob nyob ntawm theem ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis. Thaum pib, cov tsos mob me me.
- Tom qab kev kuaj pom zoo rau radicular syndrome, tus neeg mob tau kuaj pom tias muaj qhov mob discogenic ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam qaum. Cov theem ntawm osteochondrosis ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm kws kho mob.
Thaum muaj tus kab mob thoracic, cov subspecies hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:
- Reflex syndrome - thoracalgia, nrog rau neurodystrophic, muscular-tonal thiab vegetative-vascular manifestations.
- Nuclear syndrome - kev puas tsuaj rau cov hauv paus hniav ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum ntawm qhov xwm txheej discogenic.
Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm thawj zaug thiab theem tom ntej ntawm osteochondrosis lumbar, ntau yam hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:
- Reflex syndrome - lumbago lossis lumbago, lumboischialgia, lumbodynia nrog kev hloov pauv hauv neurodystrophic,vegetovascular thiab nqaij-tonal hom.
- Radial syndrome yog ib qho mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv thaj tsam lumbar thiab sacral.
- Tus mob radicular-vascular qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm radiculo-ischemia.
kev kho mob
Kev kho mob ntawm hom kev saib xyuas yog txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov mob, nrog rau kev rov ua haujlwm ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab tiv thaiv kev hloov tsis zoo. Conservative kev kho mob ntawm osteochondrosis muaj xws li cov nram qab no hom:
- Tshuaj kho mob. Cov tshuaj yog tsim los tshem tawm qhov mob, nrog rau txo qhov mob thiab normalize metabolic dab nyob rau hauv lub cev. Thawj theem ntawm osteochondrosis teb zoo rau kev kho. Yog hais tias qhov mob tshwm sim, ib chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj blockades raug sau tseg, uas txo qhov rhiab heev ntawm cov hlab ntsha xaus thiab qhov kev siv ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov leeg-tonic syndrome. Muaj ntau hom blockade xws li intraosseous, paravertebral, faceted, epidural thiab trigger point blockade.
- Txoj kev kho lub cev. Kev kho mob nrog physiotherapy tuaj yeem txo qhov mob, ua kom cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem tshwm sim. Txoj kev kho mob osteochondrosis feem ntau yog magnetic teb, ultrasonic tsis, laser beams thiab low-frequency tam sim no.
- Ua cov kev tawm dag zog kho mob thiab kho kinesitherapy. Raws li kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua, ib txheej ntawm kev tawm dag zogpab kho lub cev, ntxiv dag zog rau ligamentous apparatus thiab corset ntawm cov leeg, txo cov siab ntawm cov paj hlwb thiab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kinesitherapy thiab kev kho lub cev yog tsim los kho cov khoom noj khoom haus kom zoo ntawm cov discs ntawm cov vertebrae thiab normalize metabolic dab. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib txheej ntawm kev tawm dag zog tuaj yeem pab faib cov khoom thauj hauv lub cev musculoskeletal.
- massage. Tso cai rau koj los txhim kho cov ntshav mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg, txo spasms thiab clamps ntawm cov leeg, txhim kho cov ntshav ncig hauv lub cev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov yog hydromassage, uas yog ib tug pab txoj kev kho osteochondrosis.
- Kev kho mob ntawm tes. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nqa tawm yog xaiv ib tus zuj zus, nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov txhab, qhov chaw thiab hom osteochondrosis. Cov txheej txheem muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam rau cov pob txha thiab cov leeg nqaij, uas txhim kho cov txheej txheem metabolic, kho cov kev txav mus los ntawm cov musculoskeletal system thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev. Cov kev kho mob ntawm tes pab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem thiab yog kev tiv thaiv.
- Tag lossis traction ntawm tus txha nraub qaum. Ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov txheej txheem yog ua kom qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov vertebrae mus rau theem ib txwm, nrog rau kev kho cov kev ua txhaum cai uas tau tshwm sim hauv cov qauv ntawm tus txha caj qaum.
kev kho mob
Kev kho mob ntawm osteochondrosis los ntawm kev noj tshuaj suav nrog txo qhov kev siv ntawm cov tsos mob, txhim kho cov ntshav rau cov ntaub so ntswg, nrog rau cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv txoj kev rov zoo. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov kab mob los ntawm kev noj tshuaj; ib qho kev sib koom ua ke rau kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob yog ib qho tseem ceeb, nrog rau kev siv qee yam kev tawm dag zog, ua raws li cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb, kev tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj. Kev kho mob nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm qhov tsis muaj kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov pob txha pob txha tsis pom zoo.
Tshuaj
Tus kws kho mob yuav sau cov tshuaj hauv qab no rau kev kho mob osteochondrosis:
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: Nurofen, Ibuprofen, Reoprin, Karipazim, Pantonematogen, thiab lwm yam.
- Anspasmodic tshuaj: Drotaverine, Baclofen, Myolastan, thiab lwm yam.
- YAntioxidants: vitamins C, E thiab N.
- Tshuaj uas txhawb cov ntshav muab cov ntaub so ntswg: Teonicol, Actovegin, Trental, B vitamins.
- Npaj tsim los kho thiab tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem degenerative hauv cov pob txha mos: Diacerein, Piascledin, hyaluronic acid, thiab lwm yam.
Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob osteochondrosis ntawm theem 1, nrog rau cov theem tom ntej, ob qho tib si hauv zos npaj hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thiab cream, nrog rau cov neeg sawv cev rau kev tswj qhov ncauj thiab txhaj tshuaj.
Kev nyuaj siab
Yog tias tus kws kho mob cov tshuaj rau kev kho mob osteochondrosis tsis ua raws, qhov kev vam meej ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological tshwm sim, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntxiv rau cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- Herniated disc ntawm vertebrae.
- Sciatica.
- Kyphosis.
- Ntshav deposits nrogqhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub vertebrae.
- Kev txo qis hauv cov leeg nqaij hauv cov ceg ceg, lawv cov atrophy vim yog cov ntshav tsis zoo.
- Pab tes taw taw.
Qhov kawg, theem plaub ntawm osteochondrosis, raws li txoj cai, tsis tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog nyob rau theem no uas tus kab mob ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj tshaj plaws ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem thiab qhov tshwm sim.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Feem ntau cov ua rau osteochondrosis yog ib tug neeg tus cwj pwm inattentive rau cov lus ntawm nws lub cev. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus, nrog rau kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau ntawm tus txha nraub qaum.
Cov lus pom zoo rau kev tiv thaiv osteochondrosis yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Tiv thaiv kev tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, koom nrog kev ua si ntawm lub cev, suav nrog kev ua luam dej, khiav, caij tsheb kauj vab, gymnastics, caij ski, thiab lwm yam.
- Yog tias tus neeg ua haujlwm tau cuam tshuam nrog lub cev nyob ntev hauv qhov chaw zoo li qub, nws raug nquahu kom ua kom sov sov txhua 45 feeb txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov ntshav ncig. Yog tias zaum ntev ntev tsis tuaj yeem zam tau, lub rooj zaum orthopedic txoj cai yuav tsum nyiam dua.
- Lub txaj pw tsaug zog yuav tsum elastic thiab nyuaj, nyiam dua orthopedic. Nws tseem pom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj cov hauv ncoo uas tiaj dhau lossis siab dhau.
- Yog tias tsim nyog nqa khoom hnyav, tsis txhobjerks thaum nqa. Cov neeg ncaws pob raug qhia kom siv cov hlua tshwj xeeb lossis corsets uas txhawb nqa nraub qaum hauv txoj haujlwm raug.
- Hnav cov khau orthopedic txoj cai. Nws yuav tsum haum rau ko taw nyob rau hauv dav, nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis kam siab heels. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, koj tuaj yeem taug kev tsis muaj taw, uas ua rau cov leeg nqaij ntawm ko taw thiab txo kev ntxhov siab los ntawm vertebrae. Qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug yog kev hloov khau raws sijhawm.
- khoom noj kom raug thiab ua raws li kev haus dej haus cawv pab txhawb nqa tag nrho lub cev thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws lub cev.
Kev ntxhov siab kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau osteochondrosis, yog li kev xav yuav tsum tau zam.
