Tus txha nraub qaum muaj lub cev pob txha, cov pob txha nyob rau hauv txoj kab ntsug tsis sib xws, thiab hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev khoov: 2 kyphosis, uas tau coj rov qab, thiab 2 lordosis, tig mus rau tom ntej. Lub xub ntiag ntawm kev sib txawv uas tuaj yeem khoov tus txha nraub qaum hauv cheeb tsam thoracic yog hu ua kyphotic posture. Nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev los tsim.
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm kyphosis yog dab tsi?
tus txha nraub qaum suav nrog:
- qaum;
- pob txha thiab pob txha mos.
Thiab tag nrho cov no yog txuas nrog intervertebral discs.
Tus txha nraub qaum muaj 5 ntu, uas yog tsim los ntawm 33 vertebrae.
Tus txha nraub qaum yog suav tias yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub cev pob txha, txawm tias qhov no, nws tsis muaj cov qauv ncaj nraim, tab sis yog nkhaus me ntsis. Qhov no tso cai rau koj kom sib npaug faib lub zog thiab axial load ntawm txhua qhov chaw.
Kyphosis ua rau muaj qhov curvature ntawm tus txha nraub qaum. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws bulge zoo nyob rau hauv lub opposite kev taw qhia ntawm lub ntsej muag skeleton(yog hais tias lub convexity nyob rau hauv lub opposite direction, nws yog ib tug lordosis).
Kyphosis yog ib lub npe rau cov kab mob ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum, nyob rau hauv uas ib txwm physiological dabtsi yog khoov ntawm tej thaj chaw nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm nce lub kaum sab xis ntawm convexity.
Kyphotic posture muab faib ua lub ncauj tsev menyuam, thoracic thiab lumbar. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, kyphosis yog physiological thiab pathological.
Kev faib tawm
Kyphotic posture tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov pom thiab qhov hnyav ntawm qhov sib txawv. Thiab tseem, yog tias ua tau, kho - tsis muaj zog thiab nquag, tsis tas yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam kev phais.
Nws tsim nyog xav txog cov ntawv tseem ceeb:
- Embryonic - tsim nyob rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, qhov ua rau tej zaum yuav muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlab ntsha neural. Nws tsuas yog kho hauv txoj kev ua haujlwm xwb.
- Congenital form - feem ntau ua rau hom kyphosis no yog kev raug mob thaum yug. Yog tias muaj qhov sib txawv tsis ntau tshaj 30%, tus kab mob no tau kho tau zoo.
- Mycobacterial - tus txha caj qaum yog cuam tshuam vim kev nkag mus ntawm tus kab mob mus rau hauv cov vertebrae thiab intervertebral discs tshwm sim los ntawm Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tus kab mob no ib txwm nyuaj, nws yuav tsis yooj yim los kho qhov qub ntawm lub cev, nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev. Qee zaum kev kho mob phais yog siv.
- Hereditary daim ntawv - nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tsawg kawg yog ib tug tsis xws luag, kev loj hlob ntawm hereditary kyphosis yog ua tau.
- Myotonic - muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm lub suab ntawm cov leeg paravertebral, uas yog hu ua myotonic syndrome. Ib qho zoo sib xws kyphotic posture predominates nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiabcov hluas.
- Angular view - seem vertebral yog taw rau saum.
- Compression - kyphotic posture yuav tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev raug mob, pob txha thiab lwm yam kev raug mob ntawm lub vertebrae.
Yog vim li cas
Rau qhov feem ntau, kyphotic posture disorder tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob kis tau, tab sis muaj lwm yam rau kev txhim kho ntawm qhov tsis xws luag:
- Deformation ntawm thoracic txha nraub qaum cuam tshuam nrog ib qho kev hloov pauv.
- Kyphoscoliotic posture ntawm kev kho mob tom qab kev kho mob yog tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau ntawm tus txha caj qaum lossis lumbar qaum.
- Rickets thaum yau.
- Senile deformity ntawm lub hauv siab, uas tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm lub hnub nyoog hloov pauv - pob txha tsis muaj zog vim yog ntsev ntau dhau, cov leeg atrophic hloov, cov ntshav tsis zoo.
Txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub vertebrae kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm ib txwm stoop ntawm ib tug neeg. Twb tau nyob rau lub sijhawm no, peb tuaj yeem tham txog qhov pib ntawm kyphosis. Koj tuaj yeem tshem tau tus mob no los ntawm kev tsim tus cwj pwm zoo ntawm kev ua kom koj nraub qaum ncaj.
Kev txiav txim siab qhov muaj kyphosis nrog lub stoop tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub supine txoj hauj lwm khoov nyob rau hauv lub thoracic cheeb tsam ploj, ces yeej tsis muaj kyphosis. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm khoov, peb yuav tham txog ib tug kyphotic posture.
Kyphosis thaum yau
Kyphotic deformity ntawm lub cev ntawm tus menyuam feem ntau txhim kho, txij li cov pob txha ntawm tus menyuam lub cev pob txha tseem hloov tau yooj yim. Lub fusion ntawm lub vertebrae yuav tsis raug yog tias txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub cevyuav ua txhaum tas li. Thaum menyuam yaus, kyphotic posture tshwm sim vim rickets lossis yug raug mob.
Qee zaum tsis muaj leej twg ua raws li tus menyuam yaus zaum ntawm lub rooj. Tus me nyuam sim lean ntawm lub rooj nrog nws lub cev tag nrho, xyaum dag los yog leans muaj zog tshaj qhov chaw ntawm lub rooj. Yog hais tias koj ua qhov no systematically, ces qhov tsis xws luag ntawm tus txha caj qaum yuav loj hlob.
Txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov niam txiv yog los saib xyuas txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub cev ntawm lawv cov me nyuam, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm curvature uas tau pib, nrhiav kev pab los ntawm kws kho mob. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, vim nws yooj yim dua los kho qhov curvature hauv menyuam yaus vim qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov pob txha.
Cov theem ntawm kyphosis yog dab tsi thiab cov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog nws yog dab tsi?
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj 4 theem ntawm tus kab mob:
- theem thib ib. Xyaum tsis qhia nws tus kheej. Kuj tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kyphosis. Qhov tsuas yog qhov uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom yog qhov ua txhaum me ntsis ntawm cov leeg nqaij thiab thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm myofascial syndrome. Feem ntau, xws li ib tug kyphotic posture yog manifested nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam.
- theem thib ob. Deviations ntawm tus qauv mus txog 30-50%. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no twb pom ntau dua, tab sis koj tseem xav tau x-ray ntawm tus txha nraub qaum los kuaj xyuas. Ib tug neeg muaj cov tsos mob ntawm "rov qab". Lub taub hau tig rau pem hauv ntej, thaum taug kev, nws ntsia hauv pem teb. Lub xub pwg nyom, plab bulging.
- thib peb. Lub curvature ncav cuag 60%. Nws tsis ploj txawm tias tus neeg uas muaj lub cev kyphotic ncaj nws nraub qaum. Kev nqhis dej tas mus li tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem nrog kev tso zis thiab tso zis. Nrog lub cevkev ua kom ua pa luv. Hauv cov mob hnyav heev, lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha raug kev txom nyem.
- Theem kawg yog plaub. Deformation ntawm tus txha caj qaum nyob rau hauv daim ntawv loj heev nrog cov tsos ntawm ib tug hump. Xws li lub pob ntim ntawm lub nraub qaum tsis tuaj yeem kho los ntawm cov khoom siv orthopedic thiab kev tawm dag zog lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau mob tsis taus ntawm ntu cuam tshuam.
Raws li tus mob pathological loj tuaj, ib tug neeg yuav ntsib cov kev tsis txaus siab hauv qab no:
- Kab mob ob txhais ceg.
- Yog paj hlwb tshwm sim, tawv nqaij rhiab heev.
- Paresthesia.
- Teeb meem ua pa yuav tshwm sim vim yog compression ntawm lub ntsws ntawm lub ntsws.
- Kev tsis xis nyob hauv qaum.
- Cov poj niam raug kev tso zis thiab mob lub sijhawm.
- Nyob rau txiv neej, tus mob no tuaj yeem ua rau impotence.
Scoliosis thiab kyphotic posture
Outwardly, ob kab mob muaj qhov zoo sib xws, tab sis txawm li cas los xij, kyphosis thiab scoliosis yog qhov sib txawv:
- Scoliosis characterizes qhov sib txawv ntawm tus txha nraub qaum mus rau sab xis lossis sab laug.
- Nyob rau hauv kyphotic posture, lub vertebrae khoov rau pem hauv ntej los yog rov qab.
Txawm hais tias muaj kab mob pathological, cov xwm txheej no tsis tuaj yeem hu ua kab mob. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem, lawv tsis tshwm sim lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev (txawm yog outwardly) thiab tsis cuam tshuam kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub cev. Cov teeb meem tuaj yeem pib hauv qhov tshwj xeeb tsis saib xyuas ntawm kyphosis lossis tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev raug mob nraub qaum.
Diagnostic deviation
Rau kev ua yeeb yamkuaj mob, sab laj tus kws phais. Nws yuav sau ntau yam kev ntsuas ntsuas, uas yog raws li ob txoj hauv kev:
- kev kuaj pom, feem ntau ua tau thaum ntxov ntawm kyphosis.
- X-ray ntawm lateral projection ntawm tus txha nraub qaum, uas tsim kom muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pob txha vertebral. Feem ntau, tom qab qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no, kev phais raug kho.
Nyob rau theem siab, lwm yam kev kuaj mob kuj tau siv:
- MRI ntawm nraub qaum.
- Ultrasound ntawm intervertebral discs txhawm rau kuaj pom muaj hernia.
- Multispiral xam tomography (MSCT).
- Myelography yog X-ray ntawm txoj hauv kev uas cov kua cerebrospinal ncig, siv qhov sib piv nruab nrab.
txoj kev kho
Kev kho yuav raug xaiv nyob ntawm theem ntawm kyphosis. Thawj theem tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov txheej txheem kev saib xyuas. Massage thiab phau ntawv kho yuav ua tau zoo. Qhov kawg tab sis tsis kawg yog kev tawm dag zog kev tawm dag zog thiab kho lub cev.
Koj tuaj yeem xyaum hauv tsev, ntxiv dag zog rau koj cov leeg nraub qaum. Stretching thiab so ce kuj ua rau kyphotic posture. Ib qho kev thauj khoom nce zuj zus, raws li koj tau siv rau nws.
kho mob gymnastics
Kev kho mob qoj ib ce tuaj yeem kho tus cwj pwm hauv thawj theem ntawm kyphosis. Cov kev tawm dag zog no kho tus txha nraub qaum rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus.
Cov chav kawm tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv tsev, tab sis ua ntej koj yuav tsum mus ntsib ob peb qhov kev tawm dag zog ntawmtus kws cob qhia kws tshaj lij txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kev tawm dag zog ntawm kev tawm dag zog, lawv cov kab ke, kom tus kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem taw qhia qhov tsis raug uas twb muaj lawm thiab kho lawv.
Yog qhov no tsis ua tiav, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua qhov kev tawm dag zog tsis raug, uas tsis tsuas yog pab tsis tau lub cev kom raug, tab sis kuj ntxiv teeb meem.
Thaum twg yuav tsum tau phais?
Raws li kws kho mob, kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yog siv tau thaum pib ntawm kyphosis. Cov txheej txheem kev saib xyuas tsis muab qhov tshwm sim ntev, lawv tau siv los tshem tawm qhov mob thiab tawv nqaij ntawm cov ntu cuam tshuam.
Ntawm 3rd thiab 4th theem ntawm kyphotic posture, kev ua haujlwm hu ua osteosynthesis yog qhia. Thaum lub sij hawm phais, kho cov qauv hlau yog ntsia, uas tas mus li tshem tawm cov kev txav ntawm qee cov pob txha pob txha. Yog tias qhov kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav thiab tus neeg mob tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim, ces kev tso cai tuaj yeem kav 7-11 xyoo.
Txoj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus
Kyphotic posture nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus yog ib qho mob congenital. Yog tias koj ua raws li kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, koj tuaj yeem zam tau ntau yam kab mob cuam tshuam nrog lub nraub qaum thiab pob qij txha, thiab tuav lub cev txawm tias thaum twg los xij. Cov kev ntsuas no suav nrog:
- Koj yuav tsum saib xyuas txoj haujlwm ntawm lub taub hau, xub pwg thiab nraub qaum. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum zaum thiab taug kev.
- Lub rooj zaum thiab rooj yuav tsum xaiv raws li koj tus kheej qhov siab lossis raws hnub nyoogme nyuam.
- Nco ntsoov suav nrog calcium thiab phosphorus hauv koj cov zaub mov.
- Ua qoj ib ce uas tsom rau kev txhawb nqa cov leeg nraub qaum.
Yog tias kev tiv thaiv tau ua raws li kev tiv thaiv, hom kyphotic ntawm lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem kho tau maj mam, txawm tias nws tau tshwm sim rau thawj theem. Cov hauj lwm ntawm cov niam txiv yog saib xyuas txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus me nyuam lub cev, teb rau qhov me ntsis deformation nyob rau hauv lub nraub qaum, thiab nrhiav kev pab kho mob raws sij hawm.
