Oval qhov rais hauv plawv hauv menyuam yaus

Cov txheej txheem:

Oval qhov rais hauv plawv hauv menyuam yaus
Oval qhov rais hauv plawv hauv menyuam yaus

Video: Oval qhov rais hauv plawv hauv menyuam yaus

Video: Oval qhov rais hauv plawv hauv menyuam yaus
Video: qhia txog tus neeg qhov muag g pom kev thiab pw g tsaug zog yuav ua li cas 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Lub foramen ovale nyob rau hauv lub plawv yog ib qho intrauterine qhib, uas yog them los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb fold-valve nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub atria. Nws cais sab laug thiab sab xis atria ntawm tus menyuam thaum lub sijhawm embryonic. Ua tsaug rau lub qhov rais no, ib feem ntawm cov ntshav placental, uas muaj cov pa oxygen, tuaj yeem txav ntawm sab xis mus rau sab laug atrium, yog li hla tus menyuam lub ntsws, uas tseem tsis tau ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog li cas cov ntshav ruaj khov rau lub taub hau, caj dab, qaum qaum thiab lub hlwb tshwm sim.

oval qhov rais hauv plawv hauv cov menyuam yaus
oval qhov rais hauv plawv hauv cov menyuam yaus

Thaum tus menyuam ua pa thawj zaug, nws lub ntsws thiab lub ntsws ntawm lub ntsws pib ua haujlwm, thiab qhov xav tau kev sib txuas lus ntawm sab laug thiab sab xis atria poob nws qhov tseem ceeb. Thaum lub sij hawm thawj ua pa thiab quaj ntawm tus me nyuam, lub siab nyob rau hauv lub sab laug atrium ua ntau dua nyob rau hauv txoj cai, thiab nyob rau hauv ntau zaus lub valve kaw thiab slams lub foramen ovale. Tom qab ib pliag nws pib loj hlob.connective thiab leeg nqaij thiab disappears kiag li. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov xwm txheej uas lub qhov rais oval tsis kaw thiab tseem qhib. Hauv qab no yuav piav qhia tias tus mob no txaus ntshai npaum li cas, yuav kho li cas hauv tus menyuam thiab seb nws puas tsim nyog.

qhov kev xav ntawm lub cev muab dab tsi?

Hauv ib nrab ntawm cov menyuam mos noj qab haus huv puv sijhawm, lub foramen ovale anatomically kaw nrog lub valve twb nyob rau thawj lub hlis ntawm lub neej, thiab nws txoj haujlwm kaw tau tshwm sim thaum ntxov li ob teev ntawm lub neej. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, nws ib nrab tseem qhib. Xws li cov xwm txheej muaj xws li valve tsis xws luag, muaj zog quaj, qw, nro ntawm lub plab phab ntsa sab hauv. Yog hais tias lub foramen ovale tseem qhib tom qab ib los yog ob xyoos ntawm lub hnub nyoog, nws yog suav hais tias yog ib tug me me anomaly ntawm lub plawv loj hlob (MARS syndrome). Qee qhov xwm txheej, nws tuaj yeem kaw rau lwm lub sijhawm thiab nws tus kheej kiag li. Hauv cov neeg laus, qhov teeb meem no tau pom hauv 15-20%. Vim qhov muaj koob meej ntawm qhov tsis zoo no, qhov teeb meem no tau dhau los ua qhov cuam tshuam rau kev mob plawv, thiab nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas.

oval qhov rais nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam
oval qhov rais nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam

Yog vim li cas

Qhov tseeb yog vim li cas lub foramen ovale yuav tsis kaw tseem tsis tau tsim, tab sis muaj qee qhov kev tshawb fawb ua. hais tias qhov no anomaly yuav provoked los ntawm tej yam:

  • kab mob hauv lub plawv;
  • niam txiv quav yeeb;
  • haus luam yeeb thiab haus ntau dhau thaum cev xeeb tub;
  • tus kab mob kis tus kab mob niam mis thaum cev xeeb tub;
  • mob ntshav qab zib mellitus lossis phenylketonurianiam;
  • menyuam yau;
  • cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia;
  • tshuaj thaum cev xeeb tub (cov tshuaj tua kab mob, phenobarbital, lithium, insulin).

Foramen ovale tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam li cas?

Symptoms

Qhov loj me ntawm lub qhov rais oval hauv tus menyuam yug tshiab tsis muaj ntau tshaj li lub taub hau ntawm tus pin. Nws yog securely them nrog lub valve uas tsis tso cai rau cov ntshav mus pov tseg los ntawm pulmonary ncig mus rau qhov loj. Yog hais tias lub foramen ovale yog 4.5-19 hli qhib los yog tsis kaw tag, tus me nyuam yuav pom cov tsos mob ntawm hypoxemia, ib ntus circulatory ntshawv siab ntawm lub paj hlwb. Cov kab mob hnyav xws li lub raum infarction, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, paradoxical embolism tuaj yeem tsim.

Ntau zaus, qhov qhib foramen ovale hauv cov menyuam yaus yog asymptomatic lossis mob me. Cov cim qhia ntawm qhov tsis zoo no hauv cov qauv ntawm lub siab, uas cov niam txiv yuav xav tias nws muaj, yuav yog raws li hauv qab no:

  • tsis qab los thiab poob phaus;
  • pom pallor lossis lub ntsej muag ntse nrog lub zog quaj, qw, ntaus lossis da dej tus menyuam;
  • qaug zog nrog cov cim qhia ntawm lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm (ua tsis taus pa, nce plawv dhia);
  • lethargy lossis so tsis xis nyob thaum pub mis;
  • fainting (thaum mob hnyav);
  • tus me nyuam lub siab xav mus rau cov kab mob nquag ntawm cov kab mob bronchopulmonary;
  • tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kuaj pom muaj "suab nrov" thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, mloog cov suab nrovlub siab.

Muaj Teeb Meem

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj, qhov tsis pom ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob paradoxical embolism. Xws li emboli tuaj yeem yog cov npuas me me, cov ntshav txhaws, lossis cov khoom me me ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg adipose. Lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau sab laug atrium, tom qab ntawd mus rau sab laug ventricle nrog qhib foramen ovale. Ua ke nrog cov ntshav khiav, emboli tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub hlwb, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev mob stroke lossis cerebral infarction. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Cov teeb meem zoo li no tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsis tu ncua, thiab kev raug mob lossis kev pw tsaug zog ntev thaum muaj mob hnyav ua rau qhov no.

oval qhov rais hauv cov neeg laus
oval qhov rais hauv cov neeg laus

Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tau tus menyuam mos lub foramen ovale?

Diagnosis

Txhawm rau kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas los ntawm kws kho plawv, uas yog ua raws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ultrasound ntawm lub plawv thiab ECG. Cov me nyuam mos los yog cov me nyuam yaus tau txais transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais daim duab ob sab ntawm phab ntsa interatrial thiab lub sij hawm txav ntawm lub valve, txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm lub foramen ovale, lossis tsis suav nrog qhov muaj qhov tsis xws luag hauv lub septum.

Tom qab qhov kev kuaj mob tau lees paub, thiab lwm yam kev mob plawv tsis suav nrog, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv kev soj ntsuam hauv tsev kho mob. Nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lub plawv thib ob txhua xyoo txhawm rau ntsuas qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.

Kev kho mob

Yog tias tsis muaj qhov hais tawm ua txhaum ntawm hemodynamics thiab cov tsos mob, ces lub qhov rais oval hauv plawv hauv cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem suav tias yog tus qauv, tsuas yog tsim nyog.kev saib xyuas tas li los ntawm tus kws kho plawv. Cov kws kho mob qhia cov niam txiv ntawm tus me nyuam no kom siv sij hawm ntau sab nraum zoov, ua cov txheej txheem kev tawm dag zog thiab ua kom tawv nqaij, ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev noj zaub mov kom zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub tsim nyog.

Kev kho mob tuaj yeem qhia tau rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm ischemic nres (tremor, asymmetry ntawm mimic leeg, fainting, convulsions, nervous tic), thiab tseem yog xav tau los tiv thaiv paradoxical. mob embolism. Lawv tuaj yeem muab cov vitamin-mineral complexes, nyiaj txiag rau kev noj haus ntxiv ntawm myocardium (Elkar, Panangin, Ubiquinone, Magne B6).

Qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm qhov qhib foramen ovale hauv tus menyuam yog nyob ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov ntshav tawm mus rau sab laug atrium thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm hemodynamics. Yog hais tias tsis muaj congenital concomitant lub plawv tsis xws luag thiab muaj ib tug me ntsis circulatory teeb meem, ces kev phais kev kho mob ntawm lub qhov rais oval nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos yog tsis tsim nyog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no.

foramen ovale nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos
foramen ovale nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos

Kev ua haujlwm

Yog tias muaj kev ua txhaum cai ntawm hemodynamics, nws yuav tsim nyog los ua kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo rau kev hloov pauv endovascular kaw ntawm lub foramen ovale nrog ib qho tshwj xeeb occluder. Xws li kev cuam tshuam kev phais yog ua los ntawm kev tswj cov khoom siv endoscopic thiab radiographic. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, ib qho kev sojntsuam tshwj xeeb nrog lub thaj yog tso rau hauv txoj cai atrium los ntawm cov hlab ntsha femoral. Nws kaw qhov sib txawv ntawm lub atria thiab ua kom nws cov overgrowth.connective ntaub so ntswg. Tom qab muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo li no, nws yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj tua kab mob rau rau lub hlis. Thiab tom qab ntawd tus neeg mob yuav muaj peev xwm rov qab mus rau lub neej li qub, tsis muaj kev txwv ntxiv lawm. Yog li lub qhov rais oval tau kho zoo kawg nkaus rau cov neeg laus thiab.

Huab cua

Cov niam txiv feem ntau txhawj xeeb tias qhov hu ua qhov hauv lub siab yuav ua rau lawv tus menyuam txoj sia. Tab sis qhov tseeb, qhov pathology no tsis txaus ntshai rau tus menyuam, thiab ntau tus menyuam yaus nrog lub qhov rais qhib zoo li zoo heev. Nws tsuas yog tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog cov kev txwv uas twb muaj lawm, piv txwv li, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem koom nrog ntau hom kev ua kis las huab cua lossis xaiv cov haujlwm uas yuav muaj qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev. Nws kuj tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau coj tus menyuam mus ntsib kws kho mob plawv thiab kuaj xyuas txhua xyoo nrog ultrasound.

oval qhov rais hauv plawv ntawm tus menyuam mos
oval qhov rais hauv plawv ntawm tus menyuam mos

Yog tias tus txiv neej lub cev tsis tau kaw tom qab tus menyuam hnub yug thib tsib, ces nws yuav tsis zoo thiab tus menyuam yuav nrog nws mus tas nws lub neej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, xws li pathology tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm hauv txhua txoj kev. Nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tsav dav hlau, astronaut, diver lossis kev ua kis las, xws li kev sib tw lossis kev sib tw. Cov menyuam yaus hauv tsev kawm ntawv yuav raug suav nrog hauv pab pawg noj qab haus huv thib ob, thiab hauv cov tub rog cov tub rog yuav raug muab rau qeb B (txwv tsis pub ua tub rog).

qhib foramen ovale nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus
qhib foramen ovale nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus

Embolism tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv menyuam yaus qhov teeb meem ntawm qhib foramen ovale.

Muaj qee lub sijhawmlub xub ntiag ntawm xws li ib tug uncovered foramen ovale tuaj yeem txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov no tuaj yeem pom nrog thawj pulmonary hypertension, vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov nce siab hauv cov hlab ntsws pulmonary, ua tsis taus pa luv, hnoos ntev, ua tsis taus pa, thiab kiv taub hau tshwm sim. Los ntawm lub oval qhov nyob rau hauv lub plawv, cov ntshav los ntawm ib tug me me lub voj voog mus rau hauv ib tug loj thiab cov hlab ntsha, yog li, yog unloaded.

qhov rais rau cov neeg laus
qhov rais rau cov neeg laus

Open foramen ovale in neeg laus

Hauv cov neeg laus, qhov no yog ib qho anatomical feature ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub plawv. Raws li kev txheeb cais, cov neeg laus (hauv 30% ntawm txhua kis) nws ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv lossis lub ntsws pathology.

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov xwm txheej no yog qhov qhia tau tias nce ntshav siab. Txij li thaum txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov teeb meem no pib txawm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm prenatal ntawm fetal kev loj hlob, nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus, PFO yog suav hais tias yog ib tug mob plawv.

Pom zoo: