Lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntshav ntshav yog cov protein uas muaj nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 60 txog 80 g / l, uas yog kwv yees li plaub feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov protein hauv lub cev. Muaj li ntawm ib puas proteins sib txawv nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov ntshav plasma. Raws li lawv kev txav mus los, lawv tau muab faib ua albumins thiab globulins. Thaum pib, qhov kev faib tawm no yog raws li txoj kev solubility: albumins yaj hauv cov kua ntshiab, thiab globulins tsuas yog muaj nitrates.
YPlasma proteins
Ntawm cov proteins, muaj ntau albumin hauv cov ntshav - txog 45 g / l. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj ntshav siab KO, thiab tseem ua haujlwm ua lub chaw cia khoom ntawm cov amino acids.
Albumins thiab globulins muaj peev xwm sib txawv. Thawj hom proteins tuaj yeem khi lipophilic tshuaj. Yog li, conglomerates muaj cib fim ua hauj lwm raws li cov cab kuj proteins rau ntev-chain fatty acids, ntau yam tshuaj, bilirubin, vitamins, thiab steroid hormones. Kuj tseem albumintuaj yeem khi magnesium thiab calcium ions.
Albumin thiab globulin proteins ua raws li kev thauj mus rau thyroxine, nws cov metabolite iodothyronine.
Kev rhuav tshem thiab tsim cov proteins
Feem ntau cov plasma proteins yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim siab, tshwj tsis yog cov immunoglobulins (tsim los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob) thiab peptides (tsim los ntawm lub endocrine system).
Albumins thiab globulins txawv hauv cov qauv. Tag nrho cov proteins, tshwj tsis yog albumin, yog glycoproteins, muaj oligosaccharides thiab txuas rau cov amino acid residues. Acetylneuraminic acid feem ntau ua raws li qhov seem seem. Yog hais tias nws yog cleaved los ntawm neuraminidase, terminal seem ntawm galactose tshwm nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov protein. Cov seem ntawm cov protein desialized tau lees paub, pib hloov galactoses ntawm hepatocytes. Hauv daim siab, cov proteins uas twb tsis tau siv lawm no raug tshem tawm los ntawm endocytosis. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, saccharides ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa lub neej ntawm cov ntshav plasma proteins, thiab tseem txiav txim siab tshem tawm ib nrab-lub neej, uas tuaj yeem mus txog ob peb lub lis piam.
Nyob rau hauv lub cev noj qab haus huv, qhov concentration ntawm albumin thiab globulins hauv cov ntshav yog tswj nyob rau theem tas li. Tab sis muaj cov xwm txheej thaum ntsuas hloov. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm lub nruab nrog cev koom nyob rau hauv lub synthesis thiab catabolism ntawm cov proteins. Kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlwb los ntawm cytokines nce kev tsim ntawm albumin proteins, globulins, fibrinogens thiab lwm yam.
Electrophoresis
Cov protein thiab lwm yam macromolecules raug them tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm electrophoresis. Ntawm txhua txoj kev uas twb muaj lawmKev faib tawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb los qhia txog electrophoresis ntawm cov cab kuj, uas yog, ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab cellulose acetate. Hauv qhov no, whey proteins txav mus rau lub anode, muab faib ua ob peb feem. Tom qab muab faib, cov proteins yog stained nrog ib tug zas xim, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kwv yees tus nqi ntawm cov protein nyob rau hauv lub stained bands.
YProtein Ratio
Thaum txheeb xyuas cov protein ntau hauv cov ntshav ntshav, tsis yog qib albumin thiab globulin nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj txiav txim siab qhov piv ntawm cov tshuaj no rau ib leeg. Feem ntau, yuav tsum muaj qhov sib piv ntawm 2: 1. Yog hais tias lawv deviate los ntawm cov ntsuas no, lawv hais txog pathology.
Ib qho kev txo qis hauv qhov piv ntawm albumin rau globulin yuav qhia tau cov hauv qab no:
- txo qis hauv albumin synthesis - siab cirrhosis;
- qib qis albumin tuaj yeem pom hauv lub raum pathologies.
Kev nce ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm albumin rau globulin tuaj yeem qhia txog cov kab mob xws li:
- hypothyroidism;
- leukemia;
- kev loj hlob tshiab;
- kev loj hlob hormone ntau lawm.
Nrog qhov txo qis hauv globulin, kab mob autoimmune, myeloma kuj raug kuaj pom hauv qee kis.
Albumins pab tswj osmotic siab hauv lub cev. Kev ntsuam xyuas tag nrho cov protein tso cai rau koj los soj ntsuam seb tus kab mob ua li cas, saib xyuas oncology, kuaj xyuas kev ua txhaum ntawm lub raum thiab daim siab, txiav txim siab qhov ua rau edema, thiab tseem ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus.
