Rau lub hom phiaj twg yog siv cov hnav khaub ncaws immobilizing? Qhov no yog ib lo lus nug ntau. Nrog rau ntau yam mob, yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev.
Lub hom phiaj no ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov ntaub qhwv tshwj xeeb, uas yuav muab qhov chaw zoo nrog kev tsis tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv qee txoj haujlwm rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Qhov no yog dab tsi?
Immobilization yog kev tsis tuaj yeem ntawm cov ceg lossis lwm qhov hauv lub cev. Muaj ib hom kev thauj khoom xws li immobilization. Qhov no yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv ib ntus rau lub sijhawm thauj neeg raug tsim txom. Cov pob txha, pob qij txha puas, kev raug mob ntawm cov nqaij mos; raug mob rau cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha; anaerobic thiab purulent kab mob; stumps tom qab phais yog tag nrho cov indications rau kev siv ntawm xws li pab kiag li lawm.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws immobilizing yog tsim, raws li qee qhov kev qhia txog kev kho mob, lub xeev ntawm kev tsis tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv tau.kev kho mob. Indications rau immobilization yog ntau yam pob txha fractures nrog rau kev sib koom tes raug mob, torn ligaments, cov hlab ntsha loj thiab lub paj hlwb.
Yam kev hnav khaub ncaws tsis sib haum
Ua ntej immobilization, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov kev hnav khaub ncaws no suav nrog cov khoom sib tsoo thiab cov khoom siv gypsum. Tyre dressings yeej muaj cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntau hom log tsheb uas muab ib ntus immobilization ntawm cov ceg ceg. Lawv raug siv ncaj qha rau tus neeg raug tsim txom lub cev. Ntawm cov ceg tawv, ob lub pob qij txha nyob ze yuav tsum tau immobilized.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug kaw pob txha, thaum lub sij hawm daim ntawv thov ntawm lub splint, nws yog tsim nyog los tsim ib tug me ntsis traction nyob rau hauv lub axis ntawm tus mob caj pas los ntawm lub distal ib feem thiab kho nws nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no. Tsis tas li ntawd, hom kev hnav khaub ncaws hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:
- Plaster immobilization.
- Siv cov ntaub qhwv hluavtaws.
- Kev siv cov khaub ncaws niaj hnub immobilizing hu ua "Turbocast".
Gypsum immobilization thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws daim ntawv thov
Ib daim ntaub qhwv plaster, txawm hais tias nws muab rau tus neeg uas tsim nyog kho cov kab mob, tuaj yeem ua rau tsis xis nyob rau tus neeg mob:
- Tom qab kev sib cuag nrog dej, cov ntaub qhwv zoo li no yuav tawg, uas yuav tsis tso cai rau tus neeg mob kom huv si, ua cov txheej txheem dej, thiab lwm yam.
- Muaj ib qho loj heev.
- Tej zaum ua rau tsis xis nyob vim cov plaub hau lo thiabkhaus khaus.
- qhov cua tsis txaus ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov mob siab thiab chafing.
- Cov ntaub qhwv no tawg yooj yim thiab tawg.
- Feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij (peb tab tom tham txog cov ntshav hlwv ua rau kub hnyiab).
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm plaster cam yog nws tus nqi qis nrog rau kev tsim khoom yooj yim.
Siv cov ntaub qhwv hluavtaws
Cov ntaub qhwv hluavtaws feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub impregnated nrog polyurethane resin thiab fiberglass ntxiv rau nws. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm immobilizing bandages, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub qhwv hluavtaws, muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- Muaj ntau qhov me me.
- Tsis txhob rhuav tshem tom qab kev sib cuag nrog dej.
- Tsis txhob tawg lossis tawg thaum siv.
- Different in zoo zoo.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub qhwv hluavtaws
Tab sis cov ntaub qhwv no kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo:
- Kev tshem tawm lawv feem ntau yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.
- Tus neeg mob daim tawv nqaij tsis muaj cua txaus.
- Cov polyurethane resin siv rau impregnation yog tshuaj lom.
Kev siv cov khaub ncaws niaj hnub hu ua "Turbocast"
Ntau xyoo dhau los, cov khoom siv tshiab tau tshwm sim hauv ntiaj teb, uas yog siv rau cov ntaub qhwv thiab ib tus neeg orthotics. Peb tab tom tham txog cov yas uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias hu ua "Turbocast". MainNws cov cuab yeej tsis muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub cev, vim tias cov khoom siv no tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab tsis ua xua. Lwm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov ntaub qhwv immobilization no yog:
- Lub teeb yuag nrog rau ntim ntim.
- Cov khoom no tso cai rau nkag mus rau hauv dej thiab lwm yam kua.
- qhov cua zoo heev vim muaj ntau qhov qhib.
- Tej zaum hnav khaub ncaws kho dua tshiab (piv txwv li kev hnav khaub ncaws immobilization koj tuaj yeem siv cov khoom qub tsis txhob yuav ib qho tshiab).
- Cov khoom no yog cov xov tooj cua tag nrho.
- Yooj yim tshem tawm cov hnav khaub ncaws (feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntsuas tshwj xeeb). Nws tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm txhua lub sijhawm rau kev kho lub cev lossis kev nyiam huv.
- Khoom pom zoo rau menyuam yaus orthotics.
- Turbocast headband muaj qhov zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj.
Hauv cov chaw kho mob niaj hnub no rau cov neeg mob, raws li txoj cai, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv no muaj rau kev tsim cov khaub ncaws hnav. Muaj tseeb, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov npe ntau yam nyob deb ntawm ib txwm hloov pauv tau. Kev xaiv ntawm qhov pom kev sib txawv yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kws kho mob nkaus xwb. Tom ntej no, peb yuav tham txog yuav ua li cas siv cov ntaub qhwv immobilizing.
txheej txheem txheej txheem
Tsim kom muaj chaw so rau lub cev puas tsuaj nrog kev pab ntawm cov khaub ncaws zoo li no, koj yuav tsum ua raws li ntau txoj cai:
- Bandagesuperimposed nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav muab txhim khu kev qha immobilization rau ib tug neeg. Thaum muab tso rau, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias feem ntau ntawm cov pob txha pob txha, qhov chaw tawg thiab ob lub pob qij txha nyob ze (ib qho saum toj no thiab lwm qhov hauv qab qhov chaw raug mob) yuav tsum tau kho. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm pob txha pob txha, peb pob qij txha yog immobilized, uas yog, lub hauv caug, lub duav thiab pob taws.
- Ua ntej immobilization, koj yuav tsum tau npaj cov splint, uas yog nteg nws nrog paj rwb thiab gauze tag nrho los yog muab ib tug tshwj xeeb npog rau nws. Tom ntej no, npog cov qhov txhab nrog cov ntaub qhwv ntsej kom tsis txhob pom cov tsos mob ntawm txaj.
- Raws li ib feem ntawm kev sib tsoo, cov ceg tawv raug mob tau muab qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub cev, uas ua rau cov leeg nro. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm me ntsis khoov cov pob qij txha loj ncaj qha ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm tsib mus rau kaum degrees.
- Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm cov pob txha raug kaw, tam sim ntawd ua ntej siv cov splint, ua tib zoo elongation ntawm cov ceg ntawm lub axis. Lub splint nws tus kheej yog siv rau khaub ncaws thiab khau.
Yuav ua li cas lwm txoj cai kuv yuav tsum paub txog kev siv cov ntaub qhwv zoo li no?
Cov cai hauv qab no kuj yuav tsum tau ua raws:
- Nrog rau qhov qhib pob txha, nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim traction thiab txo cov pob txha tawg. Lawv yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm uas lawv tau txais los ntawm kev raug mob.
- Nrog rau qhov qhib pob txha, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov ntaub qhwv lub siab rau lub qhov txhab, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, ib qho tourniquet yog siv los txiav cov ntshav, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov pob txha. Lub tourniquet yog siv rau khaub ncaws(nws yuav tsum tau pom tshwj xeeb). Daim ntawv txuas ntxiv qhia txog lub sijhawm ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim. Lub tourniquet ntawm caj dab tuaj yeem khaws cia tsis pub dhau ib teev.
- Yog tias nws yuav tsum tshem tawm cov khaub ncaws ntawm tus neeg raug mob, nws raug tshem tawm ua ntej ntawm ceg lossis caj npab noj qab haus huv, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm qhov puas tsuaj. Cov khaub ncaws raug muab tso rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim rov qab, uas yog, thawj zaug ntawm tus ceg txha caj qaum, thiab tom qab ntawd ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv.
Tom ntej no, peb yuav tshawb pom seb lub hom phiaj kev hnav khaub ncaws hnav li cas.
Thaum twg cov khaub ncaws zoo li no tsim nyog hauv tshuaj?
Qhov tseeb, muaj ob peb txoj hauv kev los siv cov cuab yeej no. Cov ntaub qhwv immobilizing yog tsim nyog rau kev kho thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov pob txha, cov hlab ntsha, pob qij txha thiab cov hlab ntsha. Nrog rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg, kuj tseem muaj qhov xav tau rau lawv siv. So rau lub cev puas tsuaj yog tsim los ntawm tus qauv tshwj xeeb Dietrichs thiab Kramer splints.
Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm qhov tsis muaj cov qauv log tsheb, immobilization yog muab los ntawm improvised txhais tau tias (plywood, board, rail, stick, skis ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau muaj zog thiab loj). Thiab tseem muaj xwm txheej tshwj xeeb (thaum cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tsis nyob ntawm tes), koj tuaj yeem kho tus mob caj npab lossis txhais ceg kom lub cev tsis muaj zog.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias ntau yam ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws immobilizing ntau nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev thov lawv yog qhov yooj yim heev, tab sis nws yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev paub nrog rau kev txawj thiab peev xwm. Tom ntej no, peb yuav tham txog cov ntsiab lus thiab qhov zooimmobilizing polymer hnav khaub ncaws.
polymer hnav khaub ncaws
Qhov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb nyob hauv qhov yooj yim ntawm hnav lawv. Tus neeg mob, thaum siv cov kev kho mob zoo li no, raws li txoj cai, tsis xav tias muaj kev txwv nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab ntawm lo lus, vim nws txoj hauj lwm zoo ib yam li qhov tseeb tias txhais ceg los yog caj npab tam sim ntawd tom qab lub pob txha tawg yog qhwv nrog ib qho yooj yim tourniquet. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv los ntawm cov khoom lag luam no yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov heev.
Polymeric immobilizing khoom tsim los ua lwm txoj hauv kev plaster casts. Lawv yog cov dej tsis zoo thiab lub teeb yuag, ya raws-tiv taus, muaj hluav taws xob tsawg. Xws li ib daim ntaub qhwv tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom ua haujlwm plaub caug feeb tom qab daim ntawv thov. Cov khoom siv polymeric immobilizing yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws, tom qab ntawd impregnated nrog polyurethane resin uas ua rau muaj dej.
Polymeric immobilizing hnav khaub ncaws tuaj yeem hloov cov plaster tsoos hauv kev kho pob txha. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov txawv txav thiab lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv no (tsib lub zog dua li gypsum) ua rau nws yooj yim dua los siv.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog hais tias cov khoom siv los ntawm cov khoom siv polymer tau tsim yog tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab yog li tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj nrog rau cov kab mob dermatological hauv tus neeg mob. Yog li, peb tau hais txog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws immobilization.
