Membranous labyrinth: txhais, qauv thiab nta

Cov txheej txheem:

Membranous labyrinth: txhais, qauv thiab nta
Membranous labyrinth: txhais, qauv thiab nta

Video: Membranous labyrinth: txhais, qauv thiab nta

Video: Membranous labyrinth: txhais, qauv thiab nta
Video: அனைத்து நோய்களுக்கும் சித்த மருத்துவத்தில் தீர்வு- Dr.B.Yoga Vidhya Interview |Tamil Siddha Medicine 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Lub membranous labyrinth yog ib feem ntawm pob ntseg sab hauv lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob thiab tswj kev sib npaug. Nws yog ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm cov kab noj hniav thiab cov kab nrog cov phab ntsa txuas.

dab tsi yog lub membranous labyrinth
dab tsi yog lub membranous labyrinth

pob ntseg yog dab tsi

Qhov no ntawm pob ntseg yog cov pob txha pob txha, qhov uas suav nrog kev hnov lus thiab sib npaug. Lub kaw lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus cov kwj dej hauv nws yog hu ua pob txha labyrinth. Lub membranous labyrinth kuj yog ib qho kab noj hniav thiab cov kwj dej. Cov qauv no tag nrho yog raus hauv cov kua - endolymph thiab perilymph.

Cov kab lus ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov pob zeb membranous yog tib yam nkaus. Lub tom kawg yog nyob rau hauv lub qub. Nyob rau hauv lub pob txha labyrinth, peb seem yog txawv: lub vestibule, lub semicircular kwj dej thiab lub cochlea. Lub membranous labyrinth tau muab faib ua ntu:

  • semicircular canals;
  • ob lub hnab vestibule, vestibule kav dej;
  • snail;
  • cochlear kwj dej, uas tsuas yog ib feem ntawm pob ntseg sab hauv uas sawv cevyog lub cev ntawm kev hnov lus.
pob ntseg
pob ntseg

qauv ntawm lub membranous labyrinth

Lub labyrinth no, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias nws cov kab lus sib txuam nrog cov pob txha, yog me dua thiab ib nrab sib cais ntawm cov pob txha phab ntsa los ntawm cov kua - perilymph. Hauv qee qhov chaw, nws txuas nrog cov phab ntsa ntawm cov kab noj hniav. Lub membranous labyrinth muaj cov kua dej, cov endolymph, thiab cov ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha acoustic txuas nrog nws cov phab ntsa.

Nyob rau hauv lub pob txha vestibule, nws tsis heev khaws cov pob txha kab noj hniav, tab sis muaj ob lub hnab membranous, lub utricle thiab succulus (sac).

Semicircular ducts

Lawv yog kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov kwj dej, tab sis lawv yuav luag sib npaug ntawm cov lej thiab tag nrho cov duab, thiab txhua tus muaj lub ampulla ntawm ib kawg. Lawv qhib nrog tsib qhov nyob rau hauv lub utrikli, ib lub qhov yog feem ntau mus rau lub medial kawg ntawm lub Upper kawg ntawm lub posterior kwj dej. Nyob rau hauv lub ampulla, phab ntsa yog thickened thiab projected mus rau hauv lub kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug transverse elevation, ib tug septum, nyob rau hauv uas cov hlab ntsha xaus.

Utricles, hnab thiab cov ducts semicircular muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw los ntawm ntau cov fibers uas txuas mus rau qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lawv thiab cov phab ntsa pob txha.

tib neeg pob ntseg
tib neeg pob ntseg

Utrickle thiab Sacculus

Lub membranous vestibular labyrinth ntawm lub pob ntseg sab hauv muaj peb lub hnab hauv lub vestibule: utricle (utriculus), sac (saccule) thiab endolymphatic kwj dej thiab hnab ntim, nrog rau peb cov kwj dej semicircular nyob hauv cov kwj dej ntawm lub cev. Lub utrikl muaj ib tug oblong duab thiab nyob rau hauv lub Upper rov qabqhov chaw ntawm lub vestibule, nyob ze rau sab sauv thiab kab rov tav ampullae ntawm cov kwj dej. Lub saccule yog ntau puag ncig nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab nyob rau hauv qab thiab nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub pob txha vestibule, ze rau lub cochlea.

Lub saccule txuas nrog lub membranous labyrinth ntawm lub cochlea los ntawm ib tug nyias channel. Lub utrickle thiab sac muaj cov kwj dej me me, cov utricular thiab saccular ducts, uas sib koom ua ke los tsim cov kwj dej endolymphatic. Cov channel no xaus rau hauv lub qhov muag tsis pom lub hnab endolymphatic nyob hauv qab dura mater. Cov kwj dej endolymphatic thiab sac yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj hwm, homeostatic thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm cuam tshuam nrog endolymph ncig.

Nyob hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab cov sacculi muaj cov thickenings hu ua utricular (macula acoustica utriculi) thiab saccular (macula acoustica sacculi) me ntsis (maculas), feem. Cov thicker connective cov ntaub so ntswg pab txhawb lub sensory epithelium, uas yog tsim los ntawm kev txhawb cov hlwb thiab cov hlwb puas hlwb. Cov hlwb txhawb nqa los ntawm lub hauv paus membrane mus rau apical nto ntawm macula, thiab lawv cov cell nuclei tsim ib kab ib sab ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Sensory plaub hau hlwb nyob rau saum lub nuclei ntawm kev txhawb nqa hlwb.

Utricles thiab saccules yog hu ua otolith organs, lawv transduce translational (linear) accelerations ua rau lub taub hau. Cov epithelium hnov tsw yog them los ntawm gelatinous otolithic membrane, uas nyob rau hauv lem yog them los ntawm ib txheej ntawm crystals hu ua statoconia los yog otoliths. Hauv cov tsiaj nyeg, cov otoconium uas muaj otoliths muaj cov tub ntxhais ntawm glycoprotein / proteoglycan ncig los ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av ntau txhiab.calcium carbonate crystalloids embedded nyob rau hauv calcite lattice. Tib neeg otolithic daim nyias nyias yog li 20 µm tuab thiab qhia txog kev sib txawv hauv cheeb tsam. Hauv qab no yog macula, uas muaj lub hauv paus nqaim hu ua striole, qhov twg cov plaub hau hlwb pom cov yam ntxwv txawv, morphology, kev taw qhia tshwj xeeb, thiab kev sib txuas. Cov otoliths yog tuab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam striolar, qhov polarity ntawm cov plaub hau cell bundles yog thim rov qab.

Endolymph ntws los ntawm lub saccule thiab ntws mus rau hauv lub kwj dej endolymphatic. Cov kwj dej dhau los ntawm vestibular aqueduct mus rau thaj tsam tom qab ntawm cov roj av ntawm cov pob txha ntawm lub cev. Ntawm no cov channel nthuav mus rau ib lub hnab uas endolymph tuaj yeem zais thiab rov nqus tau.

pob txha labyrinth
pob txha labyrinth

qauv

Cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cov hnab ntim khoom thiab cov ducts semicircular muaj peb txheej:

  1. txheej txheej txheej yog xoob thiab flocculent qauv, muaj cov ntaub so ntswg ib txwm muaj cov hlab ntsha thiab qee cov xim xim.
  2. Txheej nruab nrab, tuab dua thiab pob tshab, tsim ib homogeneous daim nyias nyias proprie thiab nthuav tawm ntawm nws sab hauv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov kav dej semicircular, ntau cov papillary protrusions.
  3. txheej sab hauv tsim los ntawm cov kab mob polygonal germinal epithelial hlwb.

Nyob rau hauv maculae (spots) ntawm utricle thiab saccule, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub transverse septa ntawm lub ampulla ntawm lub semicircular ducts, nruab nrab txheej thickens thiab lub epithelium yog columnar thiab muaj kev txhawb (txhawb) hlwb thiab plaub hauhlwb. Thawj yog spindle-puab, lawv qhov sib sib zog nqus xaus yog txuas rau daim nyias nyias, thiab cov ceg dawb yog ua ke. Cov plaub hau hlwb yog flask-puab, lawv rounded xaus nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub txhawb hlwb. Qhov tob ntawm txhua tus muaj cov nucleus loj, thiab qhov chaw saum npoo yog granular thiab pigmented. Acoustic paj ntaub filaments nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom no thiab dhau los ntawm txheej txheej thiab nruab nrab.

kev tsim ntawm lub membranous labyrinth
kev tsim ntawm lub membranous labyrinth

Ntxhais qwj

Cov kab mob cochlear muaj ib lub raj uas muab kauv ntim rau hauv cov kwj dej ntawm cov cochlea thiab pw nrog nws cov phab ntsa sab nrauv.

Cov pob txha muab kauv lamina txuas tsuas yog ib feem ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm modiolus (pob txha ncej) thiab sab nrauv phab ntsa ntawm cochlea, thaum lub basilar daim nyias nyias txuas ntawm nws cov ntug dawb mus rau sab nrauv ntawm cochlea. Qhov thib ob thiab ntau dua vestibular daim nyias nyias txuas los ntawm cov thickened periosteum npog cov pob txha muab kauv phaj mus rau sab nrauv phab ntsa ntawm cochlea, qhov uas nws txuas ntawm qee qhov kev ncua deb ntawm sab nraud ntawm daim nyias nyias. Yog li, sab saum toj ntawm cov duct yog tsim los ntawm vestibular daim nyias nyias, sab nrauv phab ntsa yog tsim los ntawm periosteum hauv ob sab phlu ntawm cov pob txha kwj dej, thiab hauv qab yog tsim los ntawm basilar membrane thiab sab nrauv ntawm tus txha caj qaum..

Lub vestibular daim nyias nyias yog nyias thiab homogeneous, npog nrog ib txheej ntawm epithelium. Lub periosteum, uas tsim cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm cov kav dej, yog tuab tuab thiab hloov ua tus cwj pwm.

Cov pob txha kauv phaj ntawm lub pob zeb membranous labyrinth ntawm pob ntseg faib cov kwj dej ua ob ntu.

sab hauvear: qw
sab hauvear: qw

Basal Membrane

Nws txuas los ntawm daim di ncauj tympanic ntawm cov pob txha kauv phaj mus rau lub voj voog thiab muaj ob ntu: sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Sab hauv yog nyias thiab muaj cov khoom siv kauv ntawm Corti.

kab cev cev ntawm Corti

Qhov no ntawm lub membranous labyrinth ntawm pob ntseg sab hauv muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm epithelial nyob rau sab hauv ntawm daim nyias nyias. Hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov qauv no yog ob kab ntawm fibers, sab hauv thiab sab nraud, lossis Korti ncej. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov fibers tau txais kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub hauv paus membrane, thiab cov sab hauv yog nyob ntawm qee qhov deb ntawm sab nrauv; ob kab lean ntawm ib leeg thiab, kov rau sab saum toj, tsim ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm lawv thiab hauv qab daus daim nyias nyias, lub qhov ntawm Corti. Nyob rau sab hauv ntawm cov fibers muaj ib kab ntawm cov plaub hau, thiab nyob rau sab nrauv muaj peb los yog plaub kab ntawm cov hlwb zoo sib xws, nrog rau kev txhawb nqa hlwb, uas yog hu ua Deiters thiab Hansen hlwb. Tag nrho cov no yog receptor department ntawm auditory analyzer.

Pom zoo: