Acid phosphatase yog ib qho enzyme uas ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov molecules hauv lub cev. Kev txiav txim siab nws qib hauv cov ntshav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob. Muaj ntau ntau hom kua qaub phosphatase uas muaj ib qho kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam, tab sis txawv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev, chromosomal keeb kwm, thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Lub enzyme ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw acidic, yog li lub npe. Acid phosphatase muaj nyob hauv ntau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab hlwb; nws tuaj yeem nyob hauv lysosomes thiab sab nraum lawv. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog txiav txim siab hauv lub caj pas prostate, nrog rau hauv cov hlwb ntawm cov kabmob hauv qab no:
- siab;
- spleen;
- pob txha pob txha;
- qe ntshav (erythrocytes, platelets, macrophages).
Hauv lub cev noj qab haus huv, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kua qaub phosphatase tsawg heev. Hauv cov txiv neej, nws qib yog ib nrab ntawm prostatic phosphatase thiab ib qho uas nyobnyob rau hauv daim siab thiab rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav. Hauv cov poj niam lub cev, cov enzymes tau tsim los ntawm daim siab thiab rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav liab, platelets.
Lysosomal acid phosphatase
Pom muaj nyob hauv ntau lub cev hlwb. Nws qhov tsis txaus yog tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob autosomal recessive, uas yog suav tias yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathology ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yog tshwm sim raws li nram no:
- xeev siab thiab ntuav;
- qaug zog, txo qis kev ua haujlwm;
- txo qis ntshav siab;
- thaum yau - opisthotonus (convulsive qaug dab peg, uas tshwm sim los ntawm arching nraub qaum nrog arc, cov neeg mob lean ntawm lub txaj tsuas yog sab nraub qaum ntawm lub taub hau thiab ko taw);
- bleeding.
Yog tias qib ntawm cov enzymes tsis txaus tsuas yog hauv cov leukocytes, cov neeg mob feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev kis kab mob ntev.
Y Prostatic Acid Phosphatase
Nws suav tias yog tus cim ntawm cov txheej txheem oncological hauv qog prostate. Hom enzyme no kuj raug txheeb xyuas raws li cov cim ntawm cov kua dej hauv lub cev hauv kev sib foob (xws li kev rape). Acid phosphatase tau nce siab txawm tias ob peb hnub tom qab kev phais ntawm lub caj pas prostate lossis tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm biopsy.
Qhov zoo acidity rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov enzyme yog 4, 6. Kev ua haujlwm tshwm sim tsuas yog tom qab tus txiv neej mus txog kev puberty.
Prostate phosphatase ua tus cim ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav tam sim no rov qab los ntawmkeeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev txaus siab ntau ntxiv hauv prostate-specific antigen, uas muaj peev xwm paub meej tias muaj tus kab mob nyob rau theem ntxov ntawm kev loj hlob. Txawm li cas los xij, qib prostatic acid phosphatase yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kwv yees kev mob qog noj ntshav tom qab phais mob prostate radical.
Kev tsom xam tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob ntawm benign prostatic hyperplasia thiab lwm yam prostatic pathologies.
YErythrocyte phosphatase
Qhov no yog ib qho enzyme polymorphic uas pom tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov qe ntshav liab, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm lub hlwb ntawm lub cev. Cov qib pH zoo rau nws txoj haujlwm yog li ntawm 5.2 txog 6.2.
Ntshav acid phosphatase tuaj yeem txiav txim siab kom paub meej txog leej txiv. Qee hom enzyme yog txuam nrog cov mob hauv qab no:
- kab mob tshwm sim rau hemolytic anemia;
- pathology, uas yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev txhim kho hemolytic anemia tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev noj zaub mov;
- mob ntshav qab zib vim yog siv qee yam tshuaj lossis kev txhim kho ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab kab mob keeb kwm.
Muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm erythrocyte acid phosphatase uas ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog kev mob tshwm sim thaum menyuam yaus.
Macrophage hom acid phosphatase
Enzyme plays lub luag haujlwm hauv kev kuaj mob Gaucher. Qhov no yog kab mob hereditary uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm daim siab, spleen, ob lub raum,lub paj hlwb, lub ntsws glucocerebroside (ib qho tshuaj organic los ntawm pab pawg rog). Tus kab mob no nrog rau qhov loj ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cev saum toj no, ib qho kev txo qis ntawm cov qe ntshav, convulsions, spastic seizures, thiab kev puas hlwb retardation.
Macrophage acid phosphatase kuj tseem suav tias yog ib qho cim tshwj xeeb rau cov plaub hau cell leukemia. Tus kab mob no yog nrog los ntawm kev tsim cov enzyme tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab hauv cov ntshav.
Osteoclast Phosphatase
Osteoclasts yog hu ua cov pob txha pob txha lub luag haujlwm rau nws kev puas tsuaj. Cov theem no yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev loj hlob thiab kho cov pob txha apparatus. Tus nqi siab ntawm pob txha puas tsuaj nrog cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- Paget's kab mob (pathology ntawm cov pob txha zoo sib xws thiab tsim ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus);
- malignant hypercalcemia;
- kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov thyroid thiab cov qog parathyroid;
- postmenopause ua ke nrog osteoporosis.
Qhov tshwm sim yog nquag pob txha thiab ua kom nyias nyias ntawm cov pob txha. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov kua qaub phosphatase ntawm osteoclasts qhia tau hais tias nce qib ntawm enzymes tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov kab mob saum toj no.
Npaj thiab ua kev kuaj mob
Quantitative indicators, As txiav txim siab hauv chav kuaj. Kev tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau ua tom qab 2 hnub txij li lub sijhawm ntawm lwm yam kev kuaj mob. Yog tias tsim nyog los ntsuas qib ntawm prostatic acid phosphatase, qhov no yuav tsum tshwm sim yam tsis muajUa ntej tshaj 48 teev tom qab kev kuaj ntshav, prostate palpation, zais zis catheterization. Txwv tsis pub, cov txiaj ntsig yuav yog qhov tsis zoo.
Cov khoom siv rau kev tshawb fawb yog ua tiav ntawm lub plab khoob. Koj tuaj yeem haus dej nkaus xwb, txwv tsis pub siv tshuaj yej, kas fes, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lwm yam dej qab zib. Rau ib hnub, koj yuav tsum tso tseg cawv, rog rog, haus luam yeeb, 1 teev ua ntej kev soj ntsuam - los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb. Ib nrab teev dhau los ua ntej kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom tiav lub siab lub ntsws.
Cov ntshav Venous yog siv rau kev kuaj mob, uas yog nws cov ntshav, tsis txhob hemolysis. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem tau paub txog hnub tom qab tom qab kev xeem.
Kev siv
Txhawm rau kom paub meej txog qib ntawm tag nrho cov kua qaub phosphatase, siv cov txheej txheem immunochemical nrog chemiluminescent nrhiav pom. Cov substrates tshwj xeeb yog siv uas cuam tshuam nrog qee cov enzymes. Tam sim no, cov tshuab siv luminol derivatives nrog peroxidase ua ke nrog cov tshuaj hydrogen peroxide. Qhov no ntxiv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus neeg pib (piv txwv li, n-iodophenol), uas tuaj yeem ua kom cov luminescence ntawm kev daws teeb meem mus txog ntau txhiab zaus.
Muaj lwm lub tshuab siv alkaline phosphatase thiab AMPPD substrate, ua rau txoj kev kuaj mob ntau dua. Qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb yog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov reagents siv, tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo hluav taws xob. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev yog nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem kuaj mob.
Norma
Tag nrho cov kua qaub phosphatase hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam yog qhia U / L. Nws qhov kev lees txais qib sib txawv raws hnub nyoog thiab poj niam txiv neej.
| Hnub nyoog | Acid phosphatase, U/l | |
| Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 14 | 0 to 5, 5 | |
| Nyob | ntawm 14 txog 40 | 0 to 5, 5 |
| txiv neej | Tshaj 14 | 0 to 6, 5 |
Cov theem ib txwm ntawm prostatic acid phosphatase tsawg dua 2.1 ng / mL. Txhua tus lej saum toj no qhia tau qhov kev kuaj pom zoo.
Thaum twg lub enzyme nce siab?
Cov mob hnyav tshaj plaws nrog ntau dua li cov suav:
- thrombocytopenia - txo cov qe ntshav ua lub luag haujlwm rau nws txoj hlab ntshav;
- thromboembolism - blockage ntawm lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj los ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas tau tawm ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, lossis cov embolus uas tau nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha;
- kab mob hemolytic - ib yam kab mob nrog rau kev puas tsuaj loj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab nrog kev tso tawm ntau ntawm bilirubin rau hauv cov hlab ntsha;
- progressive Paget's disease - pathology ntawm cov pob txha apparatus, nyob rau hauv uas muaj ib qho kev tsis txaus ntawm cov pob txha cov ntsiab lus thiab lawv kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv txaus siab rau tom kawg;
- ntau tus myeloma yog cov txheej txheem qog ntawm cov xwm txheej phem, uas B-lymphocytes lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlwb tiv thaiv koom nrog;
- Niemann-Pick tus kab mob yog ib hom kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawmKev ua txhaum ntawm cov roj metabolism hauv cov rog thiab sib sau ntawm lipids hauv cov kabmob loj (siab, spleen, ntsws, plawv, raum);
- ob peb hnub tom qab kev phais prostate thiab prostate biopsy.
Acid, alkaline phosphatase - ib pawg enzymes lub luag haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv lub cev. Nws yog nrog lawv cov kev pab uas qhov tseem ceeb ua tau zoo tshwm sim. Kev txiav txim siab qib ntawm cov enzymes tso cai rau koj kom paub meej txog qhov muaj cov kab mob hauv lub sijhawm thiab ua tiav nws txoj kev kho kom txhawb tus neeg mob lub neej zoo ntxiv.
