Txawm tias nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob helminth tseem muaj siab heev. Qhov no yog vim tsis txaus thermal ua zaub mov, kev tu cev tsis zoo, nquag sib cuag nrog cov tsiaj, thiab lwm yam. Helminths los yog worms yog cab uas, nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lawv lub neej nyob rau hauv lub cev, muaj peev xwm provoke kev loj hlob ntawm loj pathologies uas ua rau ib tug txaus ntshai tsis tsuas rau kev noj qab haus huv, tab sis kuj rau tib neeg lub neej. Tam sim no, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los tshawb xyuas qhov ntxeem tau. Cov ntaub ntawv tshaj plaws yog enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) rau helminths.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev
Nws nyob rau pawg tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj. Nws lub ntsiab lus yog nyob rau hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov protein tiv thaiv yam tseem ceeb (antibodies) rau cov kab mob pathogenic microorganisms (antigens). Lawv tsim thaum cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pib cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv neurohumoral.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeebtsim tawm tsam txhua hom helminths. Tom qab ntawd lawv khi rau antigens, tsim ib hom complex. Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj no yog neutralized thiab tawm los ntawm lub cev. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qee qhov complexes pab txiav txim siab hom kab mob thiab kos cov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau tus neeg mob. Hauv tshuaj, immunoglobulins IgM, IgG, IgA muaj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kho mob.
Kev qhia
Kev kuaj ntshav ELISA rau helminths yog raug sau tseg yog tias ib tus neeg xav tias muaj helminthic ntxeem tau. Cov cim hauv qab no suav tias yog qhov ceeb:
- mob plab. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov xwm txheej thiab thaj chaw yuav txawv.
- Kaws hauv qhov quav. Raws li txoj cai, nws qhov hnyav nce thaum hmo ntuj.
- Tsis muaj zog hauv cov leeg nqaij thiab pob qij txha.
- Poob lossis, hloov pauv, nce qab los. Thaum kawg, tus neeg muaj qaub ncaug ntau dhau.
- Ntau zaus raws plab lossis cem quav.
- Hloov xim ntawm quav.
- Lub xeev ntawm apathy.
- kiv taub hau.
- Ntxhais tawv nqaij.
- Pab pw tsis tsaug zog.
- Psycho-emotional instability.
- Raws ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Tshwj xeeb ntawm urinary incontinence.
- kev coj khaub ncaws tsis zoo.
Yog ELISA rau helminths qhia pom muaj helminthic ntxeem tau hauv lub cev, tus neeg yuav tau mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab tau txais kev kho mob. Feem ntau, qhov kev cia siab yog qhov zoo.
Dab tsi tso cai rau koj pom
Nrog kev pab ntawm enzyme immunoassay nws tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- Pinworms (ua lawv cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov hnyuv).
- Ascaris (cov kab mob cab tuaj yeem kis tau rau daim siab thiab ntsws).
- Trichinella (nyob hauv txoj hnyuv me).
- Nqaij npua npua (qhia rau hauv lub cev nrog cov ntses thiab nqaij tsis txaus).
- Echinococcus (qhov chaw yog qe).
- Nqaij npua npua (ua lawv cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub qhov muag, lub plawv thiab lub hlwb).
- Alveococcus (xws li cov helminths txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, kis nrog lawv tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus).
- Giardia (cuam tshuam rau lub gallbladder, pancreas thiab txoj hnyuv loj).
- Toxocar.
Yog li, ELISA rau helminths yog ib qho kev kuaj mob niaj hnub uas nws muaj peev xwm los txheeb xyuas helminthic ntxeem tau.
Kev npaj
Yuav kom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kom paub meej raws li qhov ua tau, nws yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus pom zoo hauv qab no rau qee lub sijhawm ua ntej xa khoom ntawm biomaterial.
- Tshuaj yuav tsum zam tsis pub dhau 24 teev. Yog tias qhov no ua tsis tau rau kev noj qab haus huv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ceeb toom rau tus kws kho mob uas tuaj koom txog qhov no. Tsis tas li ntawd, tib lub sijhawm nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tso tseg kev siv dej cawv. Cov zaub mov haus luam yeeb thiab kib, nrog rau cov khoom noj uas muaj suab thaj ntau, yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov.
- EIA ntawm cov ntshav rau helminths yog nqa tawm tsuas yog tus neeg mobmuab lub biomaterial rau ntawm lub plab khoob. Ua ntej txoj kev kawm, nws tsis pom zoo kom noj thiab haus ntau yam dej qab zib rau 8 teev.
Yog tias ib tus neeg muaj lub luag haujlwm ua raws li tag nrho cov cai ntawm kev npaj, ELISA rau helminths yuav txhim khu kev qha raws li qhov ua tau, uas yog, txoj kev tshawb no yuav nthuav tawm helminthic ntxeem tau ntawm txhua theem ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob.
Biomaterial sampling algorithm
Thaum pub ntshav, tus neeg tuaj yeem zaum lossis pw. Yog hais tias qhov kev kawm nyob rau hauv lub siab xav, nws raug nquahu kom ncua cov txheej txheem rau 10-15 feeb. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, ib tug neeg yuav tsum calm down. Qhov kev xav tau no yog vim qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntxhov siab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kawm.
Kev kuaj ELISA rau helminths suav nrog kev noj ntshav venous. Raws li txoj cai, cov hlab ntsha hauv qab no yog siv rau lub hom phiaj no: ulnar, radial, nruab nrab thiab sab nraud. Hauv cov neeg rog rog, cov leeg feem ntau pom tsis pom. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov ntshav tau muab los ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyob tom qab ntawm tes.
Tom qab xaiv cov leeg, tus kws tshaj lij tau ncaj qha mus rau tus txheej txheem.
- Ib qho kev sib tw yog muab tso rau ntawm tus neeg mob lub xub pwg. Tom qab ntawd, ib tug neeg raug pom zoo kom nyem thiab tuav nws lub nrig ob peb zaug. Cov hlab ntsha puv ntshav, kom tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem xaiv cov hlab ntsha uas yuav muab ntshav.
- Qhov chaw ntawm qhov raug liam yog kho nrog cawv so. Tom qab ntawd, cov hlab ntsha nres raug soj ntsuam.
- Tus kws kho mob muab rab koob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha txog li ib feem peb ntawm nws cov lumen. Tom qab ntawd, nws tshem tawm cov tourniquet.
- Thaum lub koob txhaj tshuaj puv nrog cov khoom siv biomaterial txaus, rab koob raug tshem tawm. Ob peb vib nas this ua ntej no, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum nias qhov chaw puncture nrog cov ntaub so ntswg kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Tus neeg mob yuav tsum khoov caj npab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nias cov ntaub so ntswg tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij kom tsis txhob bruising.
Kev kuaj ntshav rau ELISA kev kuaj mob ntawm helminths yog ib txoj kev nyab xeeb, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tus kws kho mob ua raws li tag nrho cov cai thiab cov cai. Qee zaum, muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.
Txoj kev ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Yog tias yuav tsum muab cov ntshav los ntawm tus menyuam, cov niam txiv yuav tsum tau ua lub luag haujlwm rau kev npaj. Hnub ua ntej cov khoom siv biomaterial yuav tsum tsis suav nrog cov khoom noj muaj roj thiab kib, nrog rau cov khoom qab zib los ntawm tus menyuam cov zaub mov. Cov menyuam yaus ntawm thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej raug tso cai tsis txhob noj 4 teev. Ib tug me nyuam hlob tuaj yeem pub ntshav ntawm lub plab khoob, tom qab so ntawm 8 teev. Nws raug tso cai haus dej ntshiab uas tsis yog carbonated, nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob haus cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab compotes.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev puas siab puas ntsws teeb tsa tus me nyuam. Kev kuaj ntshav hauv cov menyuam yaus yog nqa tawm los ntawm cov hlab ntsha cubital lossis los ntawm lub nkoj uas nyob tom qab ntawm tes. Koj tsis tas yuav ua kom tus menyuam paub tias qhov txheej txheem tsis mob. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los hais qhia tias tom qab ua tiav sai, tus menyuam yuav tau txais kev txhawb nqa hauv cov khoom ua si, khoom qab zib, kev lom zem.
Kev txhais cov txiaj ntsig
Kev txiav txim siab ELISA kev tshuaj xyuas rau helminths yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob, kws kho menyuam yaus lossis tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Tus kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas cov lus xaus hauvcov chaw kuaj mob, thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, txhim kho kev kho mob zoo.
Deciphering cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ELISA rau helminths:
- Giardia. Qhov qhab nia tsawg dua 1.0 txhais tau tias tsis muaj helminthic ntxeem tau. Tus nqi ntawm 1, 0 lossis ntau dua qhia tias muaj kab mob hauv lub cev.
- Ascarids. Qhov txiaj ntsig tsawg dua 0.85 suav tias yog qhov tsis zoo, ntau dua 1.15 suav tias yog qhov zoo. Tus nqi nruab nrab yog qhov tsis ntseeg, uas yog, nws yuav tsum rov pub ntshav rau ELISA rau qhov muaj kab mob.
- Trichinella. Cov qauv zoo ib yam li cov kab mob roundworms.
Kev cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si saum toj no thiab lwm hom helminths, cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kuj tau siv.
Transcript of results:
- IgM "-", IgG "-", IgA "-". Txhua qhov ntsuas tsis zoo. Qhov no txhais tau tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- IgM "-", IgG "+", IgA "-". Cov txiaj ntsig no yog qhia txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob tom qab.
- IgM "+", IgG "+/-", IgA "+/-". Lub xub ntiag nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm tus txheej txheem kis ntawm ib tug mob.
- IgM "+", IgG "+", IgA "+". Qhov tshwm sim qhia tau tias muaj kev kis tus kabmob uas twb muaj lawm.
- IgM "-", IgG "+/-", IgA "+/-". Lub xub ntiag ntawm tus kab mob ntev.
- IgM "-". Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia txog kev rov ua tiav tiav.
Nrog kev pab los ntawm ELISA txoj kev, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kuaj pom qhov muaj helminthic ntxeem tau txawm tias nyob rau theem ntxov ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob. Yog tias pom muaj kab mob parasites, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias kuaj pom helminths
Kab mob kab mob yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke rau kev kho mob. Kev kho mob muaj 3 theem. Thawj yog npaj. Nws txhais tau tias ua raws li kev noj haus. Kev hloov ntawm cov khoom noj yog tsim nyog kom txo tau lub nra ntawm lub plab zom mov. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm cov zaub mov rog, kib, haus luam yeeb, ntsev thiab ntsim tais diav. Tsis tas li ntawd, enterosorbents tau qhia nyob rau lub sijhawm no.
theem ob yog kev kho nws tus kheej. Deworming suav nrog kev noj tshuaj uas nws cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm ua kom puas cov kab mob. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem nqaim lossis dav spectrum. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm suspensions thiab ntsiav tshuaj. Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj hauv qab no: Pirantel, Nemozol, Albendazole, Levamisole, Macmiror.
theem kawg yog kho dua tshiab. Nws koom nrog kev ua ub ua no txhawm rau normalizing kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab cov kab ke uas tau cuam tshuam los ntawm helminths. Nyob rau theem no, hepatoprotectors, choleretic agents, vitamins, sorbents yog qhia.
Yuav rov qab qhov twg
Kev kuaj biomaterial rau kev tshuaj xyuas yog ua tiav ob qho tib si hauv cov tsev kho mob pej xeem thiab ntiag tug. Txhawm rau kom paub meej cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov muaj ntawm cov kev pabcuam no, koj yuav tsum hu rau lub npe ncaj qha.
Tus nqi
Tus nqi ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam nyob ntawm thaj av thiab txoj cai ntawm lub tsev kho mob. Hauv tsev kho mob ntawm qhov chaw nyob, cov ntshav tuaj yeem pub dawb yog tias koj muaj txoj cai pov hwm. Nyob rau hauv private tsev, tus nqi ntawm kev tsom xamRau ib hom kab mob parasite, qhov nruab nrab, 250 rubles. Kev kawm ELISA tus qauv rau helminths (4 qhov ntsuas: giardia, roundworm, toxocara, pinworms) raug nqi txog 1000 rubles. Tus nqi ntawm kev soj ntsuam siab yog kwv yees li 2500 rubles.
In xaus
ELISA yog ib qho kev kuaj sim uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom muaj cov kab mob nyob rau theem ntxov ntawm kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem pathological. Tam sim no, txoj kev tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas txhua yam ntawm helminths. Cov khoom siv roj ntsha yog cov ntshav venous. Raws li txoj cai, nws cov qauv yog nqa tawm los ntawm lub nkoj nyob ntawm lub luj tshib khoov. Tus kws kho mob, kws kho menyuam yaus lossis tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tau koom nrog kev txiav txim siab qhov tshwm sim. Thaum kuaj pom muaj helminthic ntxeem tau, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb kos ib theem kev kho mob.
