Anemia yog ib qho mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm qib qis (piv rau cov qauv) ntawm hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav, thiab tsis yog tag nrho cov nqi raug suav nrog, tab sis nws cov nyiaj hauv ib qho erythrocyte.
Hemoglobin muaj nuj nqi thiab nws cov qauv
Hemoglobin yog cov protein uas muaj cov hlau atom hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, muaj peev xwm khi cov pa oxygen molecules. Nws tsuas pom muaj nyob hauv cov qe ntshav liab xwb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov protein yog degraded sai heev. Cov ntsuas ib txwm raug suav hais tias yog lub sijhawm ntawm 110 txog 155 g ib liter (rau cov poj niam - 110-145, thiab rau cov txiv neej - 120-155). Ib qho poob qis dua 110 yog anemia. Qhov tseeb yog tias hemoglobin los ntawm 110 txog 120 hauv cov txiv neej yog suav tias yog qhov siab tshaj plaws, txawm tias tsis zoo li qub.
Qib ntawm anemia
Kev kho mob tau pom tias qhov txo qis ntawm cov protein no mus rau cov lej sib txawv muaj qhov tshwm sim zoo sib xws, uas yog vim li cas txhua tus mob ntshav qab zib feem ntau tau muab faib ua ntau pawg. Yav dhau los, muaj kev faib tawm raws li qhov hnyav - lub teeb, nruab nrab thiab hnyav. Tam sim no nws tau txiav txim siab rau npe cov qib no hauv cov lej hauv kev nce qib. Yog li anemia ntawm qib 1 yog suav tias yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Hemoglobin nrog nws thaj tsam ntawm 110 txog 90 thiab feem ntau nws tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib txwm ua neej nyob. Anemia ntawm no degree ntawm cov ntshav qhianws tus kheej tsuas yog thaum ua tej yam loads uas mus tshaj li niaj zaus rau ib tug neeg muab. Thawj cov cim qhia uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm ib ce muaj zog sib haum mus rau anemia ntawm nruab nrab hnyav. Tam sim no nws yog hu ua thib ob. Nrog nws, hemoglobin txawv ntawm 90 mus rau 70 g hauv ib liter ntawm cov ntshav. Thaum kawg, qhov mob hnyav heev (tam sim no hu ua thib peb) yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov duab ntxaws ntawm tus kab mob. Ntawm no tus lej hemoglobin qis dua 70.
Cas thiab hom kab mob
Qhov ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob txiav txim siab nws daim ntawv.
1. Mob ntshav siab. Lawv ib txwm cuam tshuam nrog kev poob sai ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Muaj ob qho laj thawj rau qhov no: los ntshav thiab kev puas tsuaj sai ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Qhov xwm txheej kawg yog pom, piv txwv li, yog tias muaj tshuaj lom nrog hemolytic tshuaj lom. Kev txo qis hauv qib ntawm hemoglobin sai sai tshaj qhov kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev xwm. Yog li ntawd, qib 1 anemia tuaj yeem tshwm sim txawm tias thaum so.
2. Cov kab mob ntshav qab zib muaj ntau dua 80-85% ntawm txhua yam kab mob ntawm hom no, yog li lawv qhov ua rau muaj ntau tshaj. Cov no yog ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kab mob, piv txwv li, ib tug deficiency ntawm tej yam nyob rau hauv tej theem ntawm hemoglobin synthesis, pathology ntawm cov qauv ntawm erythrocytes thiab lawv cov kab mob. Tsis muaj peev xwm muaj xws li tsis muaj hlau, cyanocobalamin, cytochromes, porphyrin. Pathology ntawm erythrocytes tuaj yeem tshwm sim los yog kis tau. Hauv thawj kis, erythrocytes yog tsim los ntawm qhov tsis xws luag ua rau txo qis ntawm hemoglobin hauv lawv, lossis lawv lawv tus kheej tsis ruaj khov thiab.nquag mus rau kev puas tsuaj sai. Feem ntau, thawj cov cim tshwm sim txawm tias thaum tus neeg muaj ntshav qab zib qib 1. Tau txais pathology tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam kab mob ua rau kev puas tsuaj thaum ntxov ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Ib qho piv txwv yog malaria.
Kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm chronic anemia
Txawm hais tias ntawm qib hemoglobin, mob ntshav qab zib tsis ntev, qhov hnyav ntawm qhov tsuas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm qhov tshwm sim, muaj qee yam tsos mob.
Tsis muaj zog thiab qaug zog.
· kiv taub hau, tinnitus thiab flashing "fly" ua ntej lub qhov muag.
tawv tawv.
Brittleness ntawm cov rau tes, hloov ntawm lawv cov duab thiab xim.
· tawv nqaij qhuav thiab plaub hau poob.
Tag nrho cov cim no yog xaiv tau rau ib tus neeg. Yog li, anemia ntawm qib 1 hauv qee qhov tuaj yeem pom nws tus kheej tsuas yog nrog pallor thiab tawv nqaij qhuav, thaum lwm tus tuaj yeem ntsib cov rau tes thiab plaub hau poob nrog cov tawv nqaij ib txwm muaj xim.
Prevalence of anemia ntawm cov kab mob phais
Qhov teeb meem ntawm anemia tsis yog tsuas yog kho xwb, ib feem me me ntawm nws cov mob tshwm sim hauv kev xyaum phais. Thiab feem ntau anemia yog thawj lub cim ntawm txhua yam pathology uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev cuam tshuam thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev los ntawm tus kws phais. Ib yam mob uas tshwm sim yog los ntshav los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov.
