Codeine belongs rau cov tshuaj alkaloids. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj raws li ib tug hnoos suppressant. Hais txog cov tshuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab, uas feem ntau siv ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj, ntawm cov terpinhydrate tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias thaum siv codeine, cov cim qhia ntawm kev quav tshuaj yeeb yuav tshwm sim. Tseem muaj cov teebmeem analgesic. Hauv qhov no, codeine phosphate tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tab sis nruj me ntsis raws li cov tshuaj.
Nyob ib pliag
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua ntawm codeine zoo ib yam li morphine. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov teebmeem analgesic yog me ntsis qaug zog. Nrog rau qhov no, codeine phosphate (Latin hu ua cov tshuaj no ua codeinum) muaj peev xwm hais tau kom txo tau qhov excitation ntawm hnoos chaw. Txuas ntxiv mus kos ib qho piv txwv nrog morphine, cia peb hais tias nws ua rau tib neeg ua tsis taus pa mus rau qhov tsawg dua, thiabkuj tsis ua kom qeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov ntau heev. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau zaus thaum cov tshuaj no muaj cov nyhuv aphrodisiac ntawm lub cev, tiv thaiv kev qaug zog.
Codeine phosphate: piav qhia ntawm contraindications
Zoo li lwm yam tshuaj, codeine muaj cov npe zoo ntawm contraindications. Koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog lawv ua ntej siv cov khoom. Txhawm rau kom koj qhov kev nkag siab ntau ntxiv, peb yuav qhia lawv hauv cov npe cais. Yog li, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov nram qab no yam:
- siab siab;
- arrhythmia;
- kev xav tua tus kheej;
- teeb meem nrog txoj hnyuv, prostate thiab urethra;
- cev xeeb tub lossis lactation lub sijhawm;
- laus lossis me nyuam hnub nyoog;
- Yam yeeb tshuaj muaj npe hu ua codeine phosphate;
- mob plab;
- teeb meem nrog cawv;
- tshuaj lom neeg lub caij nyoog;
- muaj mob hawb pob;
- mob hlwb, nrog rau lub raum lossis lub siab tsis ua haujlwm.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, daim ntawv teev npe loj heev. Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej siv codeine. Nws yuav sau cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog yog tias koj lub cev ua rau koj noj cov tshuaj no.
Codeine phosphate: yuav ua li cas noj thiab noj dab tsi?
Thaum siv codeine rau cov hom phiaj tshuaj, nws tsim nyogceev faj tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum kos cov tshuaj noj kom raug, nrog rau lub sijhawm ntawm nws cov thawj coj. Yog li, rau qhov mob hnyav, cov neeg laus raug qhia kom noj 15-60 mg txhua 3-6 teev. Nrog raws plab, qhov koob tshuaj txo qis rau 30 mg plaub zaug hauv ib hnub. Thaum kawg, nrog hnoos fits, nws tsim nyog haus 10-20 mg ntawm cov tshuaj 4 zaug ib hnub twg. Qhov koob tshuaj ntau tshaj txhua hnub uas codeine phosphate muaj (ib daim ntawv tshuaj yuav tsum tau sau los ntawm kws kho mob) yog 120 mg.
Kev noj tshuaj sib txawv me ntsis rau cov menyuam yaus. Raws li txoj cai, nws tsim nyog tawm ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 0.5 mg rau 1 kg ntawm lub cev hnyav thaum nws los txog rau kev tawm tsam ntau yam mob. Thaum hnoos, tsis txhob noj ntau tshaj 15 mg. Thaum kawg, rau raws plab, koob tshuaj kuj yog 0.5 mg rau 1 kg ntawm lub cev hnyav. Raws li rau qhov zaus ntawm kev tswj hwm, nws, zoo li hauv cov neeg laus, yuav tsum yog 4-5 zaug hauv ib hnub. Los ntawm txoj kev, codeine phosphate tsis pom zoo rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos.
Pharmacological action
Raws li tau hais dhau los, codeine yog qhov ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab. Nws belongs rau phenanthrene alkaloids. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem yog cov tshuaj opiate receptor agonists, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov excitability ntawm qhov chaw hnoos, uas cuam tshuam nrog nws cov kev tawm tsam ncaj qha. Cov kev ua ub no ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm kev ua kom cov tshuaj opiate receptors, uas nthuav tawm excitation nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub paj hlwb. Ntxiv rau, nws kuj hloov me ntsis kev xav ntawm qhov mob. Raws li txoj cai, cov nyhuv analgesic manifests nws tus kheej tom qab 10-45 feebTom qab txhaj tshuaj, thiab tseem tom qab ib nrab teev mus rau ib teev thaum siv cov tshuaj codeine phosphate. Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev li ntawm 4 teev.
Side effects
Tau kawg, codeine phosphate muaj nws cov kev mob tshwm sim, uas tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus. Raws li nrog contraindications, ntawm no yog cov npe ntawm cov teebmeem uas feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab siv cov tshuaj no:
- Lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm: nce qaug zog, mob taub hau thiab kiv taub hau (tsis tshua muaj), muaj peev xwm ntawm kev hnov lus lossis pom qhov tsis pom kev, ntxhov siab, npau suav phem hauv kev npau suav, kev nyuaj siab (tsis tshua muaj), thiab convulsions. Kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau tshee, kev sib koom ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab cov leeg nqaij tawv.
- Nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov, cov teebmeem hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua tau: xeev siab thiab ntuav (tsawg kawg), cem quav, plab cramps, qhov ncauj qhuav, muaj peev xwm ntawm anorexia thiab, thaum kawg, hepatotoxicity.
- Rau ib feem ntawm cov hlab plawv: arrhythmia, txo qis lossis nce ntshav siab.
- Cov kab mob ua pa: kev nyuaj siab loj ntawm qhov chaw ua pa lossis atelectasis.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qab no kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim: pob txuv, o ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab caj pas, pruritus, bronchospasm, laryngospasm thiab urticaria.
- Lwm cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev siv codeine phosphate (hauv Latin, los ntawm txoj kev, nws suab codeinum) suav nrog tawm hws ntau dhau,me ntsis xeev ntawm euphoria. Ntxiv rau qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv lub sijhawm ntev (tshwj xeeb yog cov ntim loj).
Tau kawg, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim saum toj no yog me me. Yog lawm, thiab feem ntau txawv ntawm kev nqis tes ua.
Cov tsos mob ntau dhau
Cov tsos mob ntawm kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau muaj xws li cov xwm txheej hauv qab no: huab tsis nco qab, kiv taub hau hnyav, nce kev ntxhov siab thiab aggression, convulsions, kev qaug zog ntawm lub cev thiab dhia hauv ntshav siab. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntawm kev tsis nco qab lossis qhov pib ntawm coma. Kev kho mob ntawm kev quav tshuaj lossis kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua tau ntev thiab nyuaj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lom, nws yog tsim nyog los yaug lub plab, rov ua pa thiab txhawb lub plawv dhia. Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm naloxone, uas yog ib qho tshwj xeeb antagonist ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob opioid, yuav muaj kev ncaj ncees heev.
cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb thaum lub sijhawm kho
Thaum rov zoo los ntawm kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau lossis raug kho rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob codeine, cov neeg mob yuav tsum tsis txhob haus dej cawv. Qhov tseeb yog tias thaum lub sij hawm kho, ib tug neeg lub concentration ntawm kev mloog yog me ntsis dulled, raws li zoo raws li ceev ntawm psychomotor tshuaj. Cawv tsuas yog ua rau tej yam phem xwb. Thiab qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ib tus neeg thaum ua cov dej num uas muaj kev phom sij.
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub hauv cov poj niam. Vim tias kev siv cov codeine tuaj yeem ua rauncua kev ossification, thiab qee zaum kev xa khoom tam sim - ncua sij hawm. Feem ntau, kev tso dag nrog qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo. Thaum kawg, raws li tau hais los saum no, codeine feem ntau tsis pom zoo rau cov menyuam yaus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj feem ntau muaj feem cuam tshuam rau paradoxical tshwm sim, txij li thaum cov me nyuam yog hypersensitive rau cov teebmeem ntawm opioid painkillers.
Kev cai lij choj
Nyob rau hauv Russia niaj hnub no muaj ib daim nqi uas cais codeine raws li ib tug narcotic tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem yuav nws hauv lub tsev muag tshuaj yam tsis muaj daim ntawv sau tshuaj. Tsis ntev los no, kab lis kev cai ntawm kev siv codeine tau pib ceeb toom rau pej xeem, vim tias qhov nrov ntawm cov tshuaj yog loj hlob exponentially. Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, qhov no yog "kev ua zoo" ntawm American hip-hop, uas nws cov neeg ua yeeb yam feem ntau txhawb kev siv Purple Drunk, ib qho dej haus tshwj xeeb uas muaj cov tshuaj codeine ntau. Xws li ib tug syrup muaj ib tug pinkish-ntsuab ntxoov ntxoo, uas yog vim li cas nws tau txais xws li ib tug txawv txawv lub npe. Tom qab haus cov kua, koj yuav ntsib ib qho kev zoo siab ntawm me ntsis euphoria, zoo ib yam li ecstasy thiab opiates, uas, qhov tseeb, muaj xws li codeine. Cov nkauj ntawm American rappers feem ntau muaj cov nkauj uas qhia lawv txoj kev siv Purple Drunk. Los ntawm txoj kev, tus tsim ntawm qhov kev txav no yog Dj Ntsia Hlau. Nws tuag thaum muaj hnub nyoog 29 xyoo los ntawm kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau.
Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias codeine muaj nyob rau hauv lwm yam tshuaj, suav nrog txhua yam tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob migraine thiab lwm yam. Hauv qhov no, ntau yam tshuaj raug txwv tsis pub muag hauv Russia. Thiab rauKev faib tawm thiab muag tsis raug cai tuaj yeem tau txais mus txog 12 xyoos hauv tsev lojcuj.
In xaus
Codeine muaj ntau yam kev siv, vim nws cov nyhuv rau tib neeg lub cev muaj zog heev. Nws tuaj yeem hloov qhov kev nkag siab lossis lub cev lub cev ntawm tus neeg hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Feem ntau hom codeine (phosphate) yog cov hmoov uas yaj zoo hauv dej. Vim nws cov khoom, nws tau pom dav siv hauv tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, ib yam li feem ntau nrog opiates, cov tshuaj sai sai nkag mus rau hauv txoj kev, qhov twg nws muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov neeg siv, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
