Thaum lub sijhawm kho tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mob hnyav ntawm ntau pawg feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj uas tus neeg mob tau ntsib ua ntej, nrog rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav ntawm cov tiam tshiab. Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj no yog qhov loj heev, peb yuav tham txog lawv kom ntxaws ntxiv hauv kab lus no.
daim tawv nqaij pob, o, hyperemia, liab me ntsis yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua xua uas tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov niam txiv kom paub txog nws cov tsos mob, yuav ua li cas yog tias muaj kev mob tshwm sim rau cov tshuaj, uas yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum kho tus menyuam nrog tshuaj tua kab mob.
Kev tshwm sim
Kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias ntau dua li ib feem peb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo rau cov tshuaj tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Kev ua xua tuaj yeem ua rauob qho tib si ib txwm muaj, cov tshuaj paub zoo, thiab cov tshuaj tiam tshiab. Ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo thaum siv tshuaj uas tus neeg mob siv thawj zaug.
Txhua yam kev ua xua rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus txhim kho raws li cov lus teb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob: tus menyuam lub cev pom qee yam ntawm cov tshuaj raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas nws xav tau los tua. Cov tshuaj nquag uas yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog nce capillary permeability, tso tawm histamine, o ntawm daim tawv nqaij, pob khaus.
Cov kws kho mob hais tias txog niaj hnub no, ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj rau tus menyuam tom qab siv tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tau tsim muaj tseeb. Cov feem ntau yuav ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, lawv suav nrog:
- genetic predisposition;
- ncig noj tshuaj;
- txo qis kev tiv thaiv;
- dysbacteriosis, helminthic invasions, pathologies ntawm lub raum thiab daim siab mob hnyav;
- Ntau dhau los lossis tsis tau tso cai hloov pauv hauv lub sijhawm ntawm tus menyuam kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob.
Nws tau raug tsim los hais tias yog cov niam txiv tsis haum rau cov paj, piv txwv li, hauv 50% ntawm cov menyuam yaus yuav tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo rau lwm qhov khaus, uas tej zaum yuav yog cov tshuaj siv tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov tshuaj.
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob twg ua rau muaj kev tsis haum?
Qhov kev tsis haum tshuaj feem ntau rauCov tshuaj hauv tus menyuam tshwm sim thaum noj cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- tetracycline thiab penicillin series;
- derivatives ntawm ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol;
- sulfonamide derivatives;
- Means nrog nitrofurantoins.
Tshuaj tua kab mob rau menyuam yaus
Hnub no, cov khw muag tshuaj muaj ntau hom tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav rau cov menyuam yaus:
- hmoov rau kev ncua;
- poob;
- tshuaj;
- hmoov rau cov tshuaj txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab intramuscular.
Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv suppositories lossis syrup, tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tsim. Cov menyuam mos feem ntau tau muab tshuaj tua kab mob ua kua hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev ncua. Cov tshuaj no yooj yim dua rau cov menyuam yaus noj, nws nqus sai sai los ntawm lub cev ntawm cov menyuam mos.
Ib daim ntawv teev npe ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav rau cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem sau tau raws li hauv qab no:
- "Amoxicillin". Ib qho tshuaj los ntawm cov pab pawg penicillin, uas tau sau tseg rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj mob ntsws, mob pharyngitis, mob khaub thuas, mob plab, salmonellosis, qhov txhab ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov ntaub so ntswg uas muaj kab mob sib kis. Tsim los rau cov menyuam yaus tshaj li ob xyoos. Cov koob tshuaj yog teem los ntawm tus kws kho mob nyob ntawm seb lub hnub nyoog thiab qhov hnyav ntawm tus menyuam. Cov tshuaj yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hmoov, uas yog diluted nrog boiled dej los tsim ib tug ncua kev kawm ntawv.
- "Augmentin" yog ib yam tshuaj uas muaj cov khoom zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj saum toj no. Qhov sib txawv tsuas yog clavulanic acid, uas tiv thaiv kev tsim cov enzymes tsis zoo,tsim los ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj kab mob txhawm rau txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Rau cov me nyuam, cov khoom yog tsim nyob rau hauv hmoov. Nws yog diluted raws li cov lus qhia nrog boiled dej thiab shaken kom txog thaum ib tug ncua kev kawm ntawv tau txais. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, cov tshuaj yog npaj rau cov neeg laus. Pom zoo siv txawm tias cov menyuam yug tshiab, tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau npaum li cas txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob, thiab tsuas yog rau kev noj qab haus huv.
- "Supraks" yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg tshiab cephalosporins. Haum rau kev kho mob ntawm kev ua pa. Nws raug sau tseg rau cov menyuam yaus txij li hnub nyoog ntawm rau lub hlis. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob no tsis ua haujlwm rau cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm Pseudomonas aeruginosa thiab staphylococcus aureus. Ua nyob rau hauv granules, los ntawm kev ncua yog npaj.
- "Sumamed" yog ib tiam tshiab macrolide. Nws yog siv rau bronchitis, tonsillitis, kis kab mob dermatoses, scarlet fever, sinusitis, tonsillitis. Cov tshuaj muaj lub siab immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory thiab mucoregulatory nyhuv.
- "Flemoxin Solutab" yog ib yam tshuaj ntawm penicillin series. Nws yog nrov nrog cov kws kho mob. Txoj kev kho no raug sau tseg txawm tias cov menyuam yug tshiab uas muaj kab mob ua pa, kab mob ntawm cov kab mob genitourinary, nrog rau cov kab mob hauv plab. Tus kws kho mob xam qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab kev noj zaub mov raws li qhov hnyav ntawm tus menyuam.
Diagnosis
Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yam lossis hom kev tsis haum tshuaj rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv tus menyuam. Kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj no ua rau lub nra hnyav rau lub cev me me, yog li ntawd, thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas, uas suav nrog:
- tso zis, kuaj ntshav;
- feces (helminth infestation);
- daim tawv nqaij biopsy;
- kuaj rau tus nqi ntawm immunoglobulin E.
Tom qab kuaj xyuas cov txiaj ntsig, tus kws kho mob yuav tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb thiab sau ntawv kho mob. Yog hais tias ib qho kev tsis haum rau tus me nyuam tom qab ib chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv mob, kev sab laj ceev ntawm tus kws kho mob yog qhov tsim nyog. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem muaj cov tsos mob thiab tsis muaj lawv.
Cov tsos mob hauv zos
Hmoov zoo, cov tsos mob hauv zos feem ntau tsis ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau tus menyuam lub neej. Kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob hauv zos tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb pawg:
- Urticaria yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm kev ua xua rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv tus menyuam. Cov pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas yog nrog los ntawm khaus khaus, hauv 10% ntawm cov neeg mob sib koom ua qhov chaw loj, qee zaum npog tag nrho lub cev ntawm tus menyuam.
- Reaction to daylight. Cov mob no hu ua photosensitivity. Feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab noj tshuaj ntawm pab pawg penicillin.
- Cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm pob khaus. Cov pob khaus no, uas kws kho mob hu ua vesicles, uas muaj cov kua ntshiab.
Txhua yam tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm ib cheeb tsam yog ib qho teeb meem rau cov niam txiv mus nrhiav kev pab kho mob.
Cov tsos mob dav dav
Cov tsos mob ua xua rau tus menyuam tom qab noj tshuaj tua kab mob tshwm sim hauv 20% ntawm cov neeg mob uas tau sau tseg hauv cov neeg mob hluas. Nws muaj complex manifestations thiab muaj zog heev load ntawm lub cev. Nwsqhov tseem ceeb yog kev hem thawj rau tus menyuam lub neej.
YEpidermal necrolysis
Cov pob liab liab tshwm rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, loj heev, cov hlwv ib ntus tawg. Cov ntaub ntawv qhib qhov txhab ntawm qhov chaw no, uas kis tau tus kab mob thib ob nkag mus.
Drug Fever
Tus menyuam lub cev kub nce mus rau +39-40 degrees. Kev tshem tawm sai sai ntawm cov tshuaj siv thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob yog qhov tsim nyog.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Cov pob khaus ntau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nrog rau cov txheej txheem inflammatory ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias, uas yuav tshwm sim me me pob. Lub cev kub tuaj yeem nce mus txog 40 degrees.
Quicke's edema
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hnyav rau cov tshuaj, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov mob hnyav ntawm cov mucous ntawm caj pas. Tsis tas li ntawd, liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab khaus khaus tau sau tseg. Kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob yuav tsum tau ua yam tsis muaj kev ncua, vim qhov kev ncua sij hawm tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm kev kho mob lossis tom qab txiav cov tshuaj. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, nws tshwm sim hauv 55% ntawm cov neeg mob. Cov tawv nqaij yog npog nrog cov pob liab liab ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, cov qog nqaij hlav loj tuaj, qhov kub nce mus txog 39 degrees.
Anaphylactic shock
Qhia txog qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub neej ntawm tus menyuam. Qhov no yog ib qho kev tsis haum tshuaj rau cov tshuaj siv los yog nws cov khoom. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog:
- poob ntshav siab;
- pob khaus khaus khaus;
- nyuajua pa;
- laryngeal edema.
Kev pab kho mob rau tus menyuam yuav tsum tau muab rau lub sijhawm luv, vim nws lub neej nyob ntawm nws.
Kev kho mob
Thaum menyuam yaus ua xua rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus tau sau tshuaj kho mob rau tus kheej. Nws teev cov tshuaj, pleev xim rau kev noj tshuaj. Kev kho mob yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob thiab txo qhov mob ntawm tus menyuam. Antihistamine pab pawg tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tee, ntsiav tshuaj, ncua kev kawm ntawv, syrups, txhaj tshuaj:
- "Suprastin";
- "Diazolin";
- Zodak;
- Fenistil;
- Zyrtec;
- "Loratadine";
- "Dexamethasone."
Tshuaj pleev, cream, gels yog siv los txo cov tsos mob sab nraud:
- "LaCree";
- SkinCap;
- "Fenistil-gel";
- Wundeheal;
- "Bepanten";
- Elidel.
Hauv qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua xua rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov tshuaj hormonal yog siv rau kev siv sab nraud:
- Locoid;
- "Advantan";
- Elokom;
- "Prednisolone" thiab nws cov derivatives.
Enterosorbents raug sau tseg kom tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob metabolites thiab toxins los ntawm lub cev:
- Polysorb;
- "Enterosgel";
- Filtrumsti;
- Polifepan;
- activated carbon.
Kev tsis haum tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus feem ntau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm microfloratxoj hnyuv. Txhawm rau kho nws, xaiv:
- Enterogermina;
- "Acidofiltrum";
- "Laktofiltrum" thiab lwm yam khoom nrog bifidus thiab lactobacilli.
Txhawm rau zam kev ua xua rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab nws qhov tshwm sim, cov niam txiv yuav tsum nco ntsoov txoj cai yooj yim - koj tsis tuaj yeem kho tus kheej, tshuaj rau tus menyuam, ntau npaum li cas thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho mob yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Yog tias muaj keeb kwm ntawm kev ua xua, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav pom zoo kom mus ntsib qhov chaw ua xua thiab sau tshuaj kho raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm koj tus menyuam.
