Ib qho ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas nyob rau hauv qis qis ntawm tus neeg yog cov hlab ntsha perforating. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias cov ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv ob txhais ceg txav ntawm hauv qab mus rau saum. Yog tias ib tug neeg muaj kev hloov pauv pathological, qhov no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntshav ncig, thiab qhov no ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Yog li dab tsi yog perforating leeg thiab lawv ua lub luag hauj lwm dab tsi?
Kev sib txuas cov hlab ntsha: physiology
Feem ntau ntawm cov hlab ntsha perforating muaj cov qhov tshwj xeeb uas nyob ncaj qha saum lub fascia - cov ntaub qhwv sib txuas ua los ntawm collagen. Ua tsaug rau cov li qub no, cov ntshav ntws mus rau hauv cov kab sib sib zog nqus thiab cov txheej txheem saum npoo av.
Muaj ob hom kev perforating nkoj:
- Ncaj nraim. Cov hlab ntsha no txuas cov kwj dej tob thiab sab nraud. Cov nkoj ntawm hom no loj, tab sis lawvtsis ntau. Ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm kev ncaj qha perforating leeg ntawm ceg yog Cocket vein. Nws nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm cov leeg.
- Indirect. Cov nkoj ntawm hom no tseem txuas ob txoj hauv kev sib sib zog nqus thiab cov khoom siv sab nraud. Qhov txawv yog tias lawv siv cov hlab ntshav ntawm cov leeg rau qhov no. Indirect veins me me thiab ntau nyob rau hauv ob txhais ceg.
Yog tias ntau yam kev hloov pauv pathological pib tsim nyob rau hauv qis qis, qhov no ua rau tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha perforating. Muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav ncig, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.
Pathological tshwm sim
Dab tsi yog vascular tsis ua haujlwm? Hauv qhov no, cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha perforating ua tsis tiav. Vim li no, feem ntau ntawm cov ntshav pib ntws mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha saphenous los ntawm cov kab sib sib zog nqus. Xws li ib tug pathology ua rau cov tsos ntawm o loj heev nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm ob txhais taw, lub siab tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub circulatory system pib maj mam nce. Vim lub valve tsis txaus ntawm perforating leeg, cov kab mob xws li thrombosis, varicose leeg, thrombophlebitis thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem pib tsim.
Kev txhim kho ntawm varicose leeg
Qhov ua rau varicose leeg tuaj yeem yog ntau yam. Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no yog suav hais tias yog perforant insufficiency ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub sab ceg thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub qis extremities, uas ua rau cov ntshav rov qab. Ib qho tsis txaus ntseeg hauv kev ua si kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob sai ntawm varicose leeg.cov leeg, elastic thiab collagen qauv.
Maj mam, cov ntshav pib stagnate hauv cov hlab ntsha perforating, uas ua rau pom qhov nce ntawm lawv qhov loj. Tom qab ntawd cov ntshav pib tawm mus rau hauv lub subcutaneous network. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm varicose leeg, tus neeg mob tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm o, cramps, ib tug zoo nkaus li hnyav hnyav nyob rau hauv ob txhais ceg, thiab cov hlab ntsha ua pronounced.
Thrombophlebitis: kab mob txaus ntshai
Yog tias koj tsis pib kho cov kab mob varicose, ces tus kab mob loj dua tuaj yeem tsim - thrombophlebitis. Pathology tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Cov teeb meem ua rau lub neej tshwm sim thaum cov ntshav txhaws nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha sib sib zog nqus nyob ntawm tus ncej puab. Yog tias koj tsis mus ntsib kws kho mob raws sijhawm, tus neeg mob yuav ntsib kev mob ntsws ntsws.
Nws yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb kom pom kev txhim kho ntawm pathology nyob rau hauv cov tsos ntawm qis extremities. Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm tus kab mob. Ib tug neeg tsis tshua tau saib xyuas cov tsos mob, vim lawv tsis tau qhia meej meej. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog qhov tsis tshua muaj kev hnov mob ntawm ob txhais ceg, nrog rau qhov tawv nqaij thiab hnyav. Yog tias koj tsis xyuam xim rau cov cim qhia no, tom qab ntawd tsis ntev thrombosis tuaj yeem tsim los rau hauv daim ntawv mob hnyav lossis mus rau thromboembolism.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha
Yog tias koj pom thawj cov tsos mob ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis - tsis txhob ncua mus ntsib kws kho mob. Tus kws tshaj lij yuav ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas zoo, kawm cov kev xeem thiab ua cov kev xeem ua haujlwm.
Tau kawg, cov kev kuaj mob no yuav tsis txaus los txiav txim qhov tseeb. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom meej ntxiv. Nws suav nrog hom kev kuaj mob hauv qab no:
- Kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj: tshuaj xyuas cov zis thiab ntshav. Nrog kev pab los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas, nws muaj peev xwm los ntsuas lub xeev ntawm tus neeg mob txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
- Coagulogram. Txoj kev no kuaj xyuas cov ntshav txhaws.
- Dopplerography ntawm ob txhais ceg yog ua. Cov txheej txheem pab sau tag nrho cov ciam teb ntawm cov ntshav ntws, tab sis, hmoov tsis, txoj kev kuaj mob tsis tso cai rau tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov leeg.
- Ultrasound siv duplex scanning. Cov txheej txheem tso cai rau koj kom paub txog lub xeev ntawm patency ntawm cov leeg ntawm ob txhais ceg, nrog rau kev txiav txim siab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlab ntsha, qhov muaj thromboembolism, thrombosis.
- X-ray kev sib piv. Nws raug sau tsuas yog tias tus neeg mob muaj teeb meem ntawm pathologies ntawm perforating veins.
Tom qab kev kuaj mob tiav lawm, tus kws kho mob yuav ua tib zoo kawm cov txiaj ntsig, kuaj xyuas thiab xaiv cov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws. Cov kev kho mob tej zaum yuav txawv heev nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub.
Yuav kho cov kab mob vascular li cas
Yog tias kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm tus neeg mob pom tias muaj cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog perforating veins, ces kev kho yuav tsum pib sai li sai tau. Txog niaj hnub no, tsuas muaj ob txoj hauv kev rau kev kho cov hlab ntsha ceg: phais lossis kev saib xyuas. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb xaiv cov kev kho mob uas tsim nyog nyob ntawm tus neeg mob lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev txhim kho tus kab mob.
kev kho mob
Yog hais tias cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha perforating ntawm sab qis dua tau pib tsim, ces kev kho mob yuav tsum txaus. Hom kev kho no yeej muaj cov nuances hauv qab no:
- Tus neeg mob yuav tsum hnav cov hnab ntim compression lossis muaj cov leeg perforator ligated.
- Kev kho gymnastics tab tom kawm.
- Laser coagulation, sclerotherapy ua tiav.
- Hydrotherapy.
- Siv venotonics.
- Koj yuav tsum noj tshuaj kom tshem tawm qhov o thiab mob.
- Nyob raws kev noj haus tshwj xeeb.
Txhim kho txoj kev kho mob pab txhawb cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua kom cov hlab ntsha elastic dua, ua haujlwm zoo, thiab txhim kho cov ntshav ncig.
kho mob phais
Cov kev kho mob zoo li no suav tias yog radical thiab tsuas yog siv yog tias cov kab mob nyob hauv lub xeev tsis saib xyuas. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha perforating, thaum lub sijhawm phais, cov hlab ntsha cuam tshuam yog excised lossis ligated.
Ntau qhov kev xaiv rau kev cuam tshuam kev phais yog siv, uas yog:
- Crossectomy. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, lub cev ntawm lub nkoj subcutaneous yog excised ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj kev sib txuas nrog cov hlab ntsha sib sib zog nqus.
- Txoj kab. Cov kws kho mob tshem tawm ib feem ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas tau hloov pauv pathological.
- Miniphlebectomy. Cov txheej txheem no txawv ntawm lwm tus nyob rau hauv uas tsis muaj incisions ntawm tus neeg mob daim tawv nqaij. Cov hlab ntsha uas raug cuam tshuam tsuas yog raug tshem tawm los ntawm punctures. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no muaj kev nyab xeeb dua, thiab lub sijhawm rov qab siv sijhawm me ntsis.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Yuav kom zam tau tus kab mob zoo dua li kho nws tom qab. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov leeg perforating ntawm cov leeg qis los ntawm qhov tshwm sim dhau sijhawm, nws tsim nyog saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv yooj yim.
- Ua ob txhais ceg tsis tu ncua.
- Ib txwm hnav compression stockings yog tias tsim nyog. Yog tias koj yuav nyob ntawm koj txhais taw ntev, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los hnav cov ris tsho hauv qab no. Nws yuav txo cov load ntawm cov ceg qis thiab yuav tswj cov ntshav ntws.
- Cia koj ob txhais taw txias thiab sov.
- Nco ntsoov taug kev sab nraud txhua hnub.
- Tsis txhob hnav khaub ncaws nruj.
- Thaum pw tsaug zog, koj yuav tsum tau tso koj txhais ko taw ntawm qhov siab me ntsis kom huv si kom huv si kom cov ntshav tawm.
- Da dej sib piv txhua hnub, uas ua kom cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha muaj zog zoo kawg nkaus.
- Txo kom tsawg lossis tshem tawm cov khoom noj qab ntsev, rog thiab kib. Koj cov zaub mov yuav tsum noj qab nyob zoo thiab ua tiav.
- Tau active.
Yog tias koj ua raws li cov cai yooj yim no rau kev tiv thaiv, ces cov hlab ntsha perforating ntawm koj ob txhais ceg yuav noj qab nyob zoo thoob plaws hauv koj lub neej. Tab sis, yog tias koj pom tsawg kawg qee cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, ces koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Kev tsis quav ntsej txog cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis qis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj heev, mus txog qhov tsis taus. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau nrhiav kev pab los ntawm lub tsev kho mob raws sij hawm, piav qhia tag nrho cov kev tsis txaus siab uas koj muaj.
