kab mob ua pa tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob tsis zoo tshaj plaws yog laryngotracheitis hauv menyuam yaus. Feem ntau tus kab mob no tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 7 xyoo. Lub sijhawm no, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau raug rau kev nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob mus rau hauv lub cev.
Laryngotracheitis yog ib yam kab mob sib kis thiab mob, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj loj rau lub ntsws thiab lub ntsws. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm nws tus kheej lossis tshwm sim vim muaj lwm yam kab mob hauv tus menyuam. Qhov phom sij ntawm cov kab mob no nyob rau lub hnub nyoog no yog qhov muaj feem pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim kab mob ntsws, mob ntsws, lossis tsis tseeb croup.
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob
Laryngotracheitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog ib tug mob kab mob o ntawm lub trachea thiab larynx. Nws yog tus uas muab cov pa oxygen rau lub ntsws, tab sis yog tias o tshwm sim, cov tsos mob txaus ntshai tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, stenosing laryngotracheitis yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam, thaum lub sij hawm muaj kev hem thawj ntawm suffocation. StenosisTus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov nqaim ntawm lub lumen ntawm lub trachea thiab lub larynx.
Yog lub caj pas txhaws tag, huab cua yuav tsis nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Paub txog dab tsi raws nraim tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob, nws muaj peev xwm mus sau ib chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob raws sij hawm kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem tshwm sim. Thaum cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws, cov kab mob pib ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog. Nrog rau qhov txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob, cov kab mob pib tawm tsam cov pa mucosa. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus kab mob ua rau cov kab mob purulent, hnoos nrog purulent hnoos qeev.
Cov mucosa ntawm lub trachea thiab lub larynx pib redden thiab o. Cov paib no tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej endoscopic tshwj xeeb.
hom kab mob tseem ceeb
Thaum laryngotracheitis tshwm sim hauv menyuam yaus, o ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, hnoos qeev accumulates, uas ua rau irritation ntawm receptors thiab ua pa nyuaj. Raws nraim tib cov txheej txheem coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub suab cords. Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau lawv tus kheej hauv ib qho ntawm nws cov kev kawm, uas yog:
- catarrhal;
- hypertrophic;
- atrophic.
Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv catarrhal, cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov mucosa muaj cov ntshav thiab cov ntshav me me tuaj yeem pom. Kuj tseem muaj o, thickening ntawm lub larynx thiab muaj lub ntsej muag xiav. Daim ntawv hypertrophic yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov nodules compacted tshwm nyob rau hauv lub suab qaum, lawv ua edematous, thiab laryngeal edema kuj pom. Ntawmatrophic laryngotracheitis, mucous daim nyias nyias ua qhuav, lub suab qaum ua thinner, thiab cov leeg yuav maj mam atrophy.
Kev tshwm sim
Ua rau laryngotracheitis hauv menyuam yaus tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm:
- kis kab mob;
- ua xua;
- ua pa ua pa;
- kab mob kab mob.
Ntxiv rau, muaj qee yam kev pheej hmoo uas suav nrog:
- nquag raug tus menyuam mus rau qhov tsis zoo;
- nyuaj ua pa qhov ntswg;
- noj qee yam tshuaj;
- kab mob ntsws chronic;
- kab mob;
- lub cev tsis muaj zog.
Cais, nws tsim nyog sau cia qhov ua rau ntawm kev ua xua laryngotracheitis hauv tus menyuam. Allergens tuaj yeem yog khoom noj, plua plav, tshuaj, paj paj ntoo. Qhov ua rau mob stenosis tuaj yeem yog qhov kub hnyiab lossis raug mob rau ntawm lub caj pas.
Key Features
Ib tug me nyuam lub laryngotracheitis tsis tshwm sim tam sim ntawd. Feem ntau nws yog tsim los ntawm o ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab caj pas. Thawj cov tsos mob ntawm laryngotracheitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam tshwm li:
- nasal congestion;
- mob qa;
- hnoos;
- tickling;
- kub nce.
Txoj kev kis kab mob sib sib zog nqus mus rau hauv txoj hlab paprovokes qhov tshwm sim ntawm hnoos qhuav, hoarseness, hloov hauv lub suab. Nyob rau hauv mob laryngotracheitis, cov me nyuam muaj mob nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub sternum thaum hnoos haum. Kev tawm tsam feem ntau pom thaum hmo ntuj, thiab kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj cov hnoos qeev, uas tom qab ib ntus dhau los ua purulent. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov mob hnyav ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm stenosis ntawm lub larynx.
Kev mob ntawm lub ntsws hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 5 xyoos tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai dua li 1-3 hnub, tab sis qhov no ib txwm tshwm sim tom qab qhov pib tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob. Ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb uas qhia tias muaj qhov tsis tseeb croup, ib tus tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv, piv txwv li:
- tshwm sim ua pa luv;
- mob siab;
- xiav nasolabial daim duab peb sab.
Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos, koj yuav tsum ceev nrooj nrhiav kev qhia los ntawm kws kho menyuam yaus, vim tias koj yuav tsum pib kho tus kabmob sai li sai tau. Kev ncua ntev yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau lub neej ntawm tus menyuam, txij li kev sib tshooj ua tiav ntawm glottis tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Yog tias laryngotracheitis raug kuaj pom hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos, ces nws yuav tsum raug thauj mus rau tsev kho mob, vim nws yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm kws kho mob.
Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua tsib xyoos thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj mob hnoos, feem ntau yog hmo ntuj, hnov qab, mob taub hau, qaug zog heev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hnoos qeev tau hnoos heev, thiab tom qab ib ntus nws dhau los ua purulent.
Diagnostics
Yuav kom nkag siab meej yuav ua li cas thiab yuav kho laryngotracheitis hauv tus menyuam li cas, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom paub meej txog kev kuaj mob. Cov kev xeem yuav tsum muaj xws li:
- kev tshuaj ntsuam cov zis thiab ntshav;
- xov xwm ntawm lub larynx;
- tracheoscopy lossis laryngoscopy;
- tshawb nrhiav tus kab mob.
Thaum kuaj pom tau lawm, kev kho mob yuav tsum pib tam sim ntawd raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws tshaj lij.
Txoj kev kho mob
Kev kho mob laryngotracheitis zoo dua thiab ua tiav hauv cov menyuam yaus, Komarovsky pom zoo ua raws li cov cai no:
- tus me nyuam yuav tsum hais kom tsawg li sai tau kom tsis txhob mob caj pas;
- txwv tsis pub noj ntsim lossis ntsev;
- koj yuav tsum haus dej kom txaus;
- huab cua hauv chav yuav tsum tau humidified.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua kom huv si thiab ua pa hauv chav uas tus menyuam muaj mob. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog kom tus menyuam nyob hauv tsev kho mob. Tag nrho cov xwm txheej yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau ntawd, thiab cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem muab cov kev pab xav tau txhua lub sijhawm. Kev kho mob ntawm laryngotracheitis hauv cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum ua kom tiav thiab suav nrog:
- tshuaj;
- tsim ib txoj kev cia siab;
- khoom noj zoo;
- kom haus dej kom ntau;
- txoj kev ntawm kev kho neeg pej xeem;
- kho lub cev.
Kev kho tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tom qab kuaj thiab kuaj pom. Kev noj haus yuav tsum yogmuaj ntau cov vitamins. Cov zaub mov hnyav yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm kev noj haus.
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog them rau kev kho mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 4 xyoos, vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo siab heev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum lub sijhawm mob hnyav, kev nqus pa nrog laryngotracheitis hauv cov menyuam yaus yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub, vim tias lawv ua rau muaj qhov o ntawm cov mucosa, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yog qhov hnyav heev. Kev hnoos ntau zaus thiab mob, hnoos tau sau tseg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hmo ntuj. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua tsis taus pa thiab nyob tsis tswm.
Kev nqus pa thaum lub sijhawm mob hnyav yog ua los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tsuas yog los ntawm kev siv cov menyuam yaus tshwj xeeb nqus pa. Tus kws kho mob nruj me ntsis rau tus kheej xaiv qhov ntau npaum li cas, lub sijhawm thiab zaus ntawm cov txheej txheem.
Drug therapy
Kev kho mob laryngotracheitis hauv cov menyuam yaus cuam tshuam nrog kev siv tshuaj xws li:
- tshuaj tua kab mob;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- tshuaj kom tshem tawm edema;
- Yanti-inflammatory.
Immunomodulatory therapy yuav tsum suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev tso tawm interferon. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem siv tau txij li hnub nyoog 3 xyoos, cov no suav nrog Grippferon, Arbidol, Anaferon.
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob, uas feem ntau ua rau mob hauv lub ntsws. Cov no yog cov tshuaj npajPiv txwv li, "Imudon". Txhua yam tshuaj immunomodulators yuav tsum tau siv ntau zaus, txog li 6 zaug hauv ib hnub rau ib lub lis piam, txog thaum lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv rov zoo li qub.
Txoj tshuaj muaj tshuaj tua kab mob tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov tshuaj ib txwm siv rau kev kho mob yog Bioparox aerosol. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos raug pom 1-2 tshuaj 4 zaug hauv ib hnub. Thawj zaug koj yuav tsum tau siv lawv kom zoo zoo, vim tias koj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov ua pa ntawm lub ntsws.
Nrog mob hnyav thiab ua npaws nrog laryngotracheitis hauv menyuam yaus, siv tau tshuaj tua kab mob. Tus kws kho mob yuav muab tshuaj penicillins (Amoxiclav, Augmentin, Flemoxin), cephalosporins (Zinacef, Suprax, Fortum), macrolides (Azithromycin). Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis siv ntau tshaj 7 hnub. Lawv yuav tsum tau noj ib ntus ntawm cov pluas noj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho mob tau qhia. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv hnoos qhuav, cov tshuaj xws li Tusuprex, Tussin, Sinekod tau sau tseg. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov hnoos qeev, Bromhexine, ACC, Mukoltin yuav tsum. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov o, khaus thiab khaus, kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog qhia, xws li Zirtek, Erius, Ksizal.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog kev tsis haum laryngotracheitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam pes tsawg hnub cov tsos mob tau soj ntsuam thiab yuav ua li cas nrog tus kab mob. Stenosis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog heev pronounced. Rau kev kho mob, tshuaj glucocorticosteroid, uas yog Pulmocort, tuaj yeem raug sau tseg. Nws pab kom zoo tshem tawm puffinesscov kab mob ua pa. Thaum xub thawj, cov tshuaj tau sau tseg rau kev kho mob hawb pob thiab ua rau lub ntsws tsis zoo. Nws yog siv los ntawm txoj kev nqus pa.
Nws siv yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv cov kab mob, kab mob thiab fungal kab mob ntawm ua pa system. Cov tshuaj no tsuas yog siv rau kev tsis haum laryngotracheitis.
Tshaj Tawm Tswv Yim
Cov tshuaj kho neeg pej xeem rau kev kho mob muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ua pa. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo yog kev nqus pa, uas yog siv lub tshuab nqus tsev los yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nqus pa. Rau kev nqus pa, koj tuaj yeem siv eucalyptus, sage, hiav txwv ntsev tov.
Ntxiv rau, koj tuaj yeem siv decoctions thiab infusions ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, nrog rau compresses. Feem ntau, ua ib feem ntawm cov nqi kho mob, cov nroj tsuag xws li:
- St. John's wort;
- oregano;
- nettle;
- linden;
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo yog cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo npaj los ntawm zib ntab, txiv qaub thiab zaub mov glycerin. Ua li no, txiav ib tug txiv qaub me ntsis, boil rau 15 feeb kom txog thaum muag muag, cia txias thiab nyem tawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tshem tawm tag nrho cov pob txha, ntxiv zib mu nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 1 thiab 1 tbsp. l. glycerin. Sib tov txhua yam kom huv si kom txog thaum muaj qhov sib xws thiab siv ob peb zaug hauv ib hnub.
Ib qho tshuaj ntawm figs thiab mis nyuj yog qhov zoo rau hnoos, uas yuav tsum tau noj ob peb zaug hauv ib hnub.
physiotherapy techniques
Kev kho mob laryngotracheitis hauv menyuam yausKomarovsky pom zoo kom siv cov tswv yim physiotherapy. Qhov no yuav ua kom cov txheej txheem kho kom zoo thiab txo cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm. Rau qhov no, siv cov tswv yim xws li:
- sov compresses ntawm lub ntsws thiab pharynx;
- nqus tau pa;
- mustard plasters;
- electrophoresis;
- microwave therapy;
- massage;
- kub ko taw da dej;
- UHF txoj kev kho.
Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov txheej txheem ua kom sov tsuas yog siv tau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias xwb. Rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev nqus pa, nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev kho no, nws raug nquahu kom siv lub tshuab nqus tsev. Gargling nrog decoctions thiab infusions ntawm tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab kuj qhia. Cov txheej txheem no pab txo qhov mob thiab mob.
Ua raws li txoj haujlwm niaj hnub
Thaum laryngotracheitis tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom ntseeg tau tias tus me nyuam tau txais kev huv thiab huab cua tshiab txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo. Nws kuj yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv zoo heev tiv thaiv khaub thuas thiab lawv cov teeb meem. Tus me nyuam mob yuav tsum tau pw thiab so kom ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kub taub hau. Yog tias ua tau, tham me ntsis raws li qhov ua tau kom tsis txhob ua rau cov ligaments puas ntxiv.
Tus menyuam yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kua dej ntau, vim tias dej yuav pab ntxuav lub cev tag nrho, koom nrog cov txheej txheem metabolic, thiab tseem tiv thaiv lub cev qhuav dej. Nyob rau lub sijhawm mob, laryngotracheitis tuaj yeem kis tau zoo heev, yog vim li caskev tiv tauj yuav tsum txwv rau lwm tus menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus.
Kab mob sib kis
Laryngotracheitis yog ib yam kab mob txaus ntshai thiab mob hnyav uas, nrog kev kho kom raug, yuav ploj mus li ntawm 2-3 lub lis piam. Cov teeb meem xws li:
- bronchitis;
- pneumonia;
- stenosis.
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias kev kho tus kheej tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
prophylaxis
Txhua yam kab mob tiv thaiv yooj yim dua li kho tau ntev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua ib txheej ntawm kev ua ub no nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij ntuj no kom muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus menyuam. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog kev tiv thaiv, koj yuav tsum hu rau koj tus kws kho mob.
Nws yog ib qho qhia kom tus menyuam ua pa kom zoo. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua pa ua pa yuav tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob kis kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv hypothermia. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob ua pa, ib txwm hnav khaub ncaws rau tus menyuam raws li huab cua tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov los yog hypothermia.
Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev sib cuag ntawm tus menyuam nrog tus neeg haus luam yeeb, vim tias cov pa luam yeeb ua rau nws lub ntsws tsis zoo. Tus me nyuam yuav tsum siv sij hawm ntau sab nraum zoov, ua kom lub cev muaj zog, noj zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau. Zoo dua yam tsawg kawg ibib xyoos ib zaug mus so dej hiav txwv.
Laryngotracheitis yog ib qho mob uas cuam tshuam rau lub ntsws. Hauv menyuam yaus, nws feem ntau tshwm sim vim qhov nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas raws sij hawm thiab kev kho mob zoo kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem.
