Cov lus qhia siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov lus qhia siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP
Cov lus qhia siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP

Video: Cov lus qhia siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP

Video: Cov lus qhia siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP
Video: Saib Mis paub Poj niam (hluas nkauj) tus yam ntxwv lub siab 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

DTP yog hais txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis adsorbed. Nws yog tsim los tiv thaiv menyuam los ntawm kev tsim 3 kab mob txaus ntshai ib zaug.

cov lus qhia rau kev siv akds
cov lus qhia rau kev siv akds

Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Sib Txuas

Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv, cov lus qhia rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob hnoos hawb pob, tetanus thiab diphtheria. Cov kab mob no hnyav heev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Lawv ua rau muaj kev phom sij tsis yog rau menyuam yaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov neeg laus.

Kab mob Diphtheria yog ib yam kab mob uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb thiab cov hlab plawv, ob lub raum thiab ua pa. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau tshaj plaws tiv thaiv kab mob, tab sis nws tsis suav nrog qhov me me ntawm kev tsim tus kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg uas tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria feem ntau yuav zam tau tus kab mob ntau dua li cov uas tsis tiv thaiv kab mob.

Nws yog ib qho yuam kev ntseeg tias tam sim no tus kab mob no tau kuaj pom tsis tshua muaj, kev phom sij ntawm kev kis mob tseem nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no. Kev txhaj tshuaj yog tib hom kev tiv thaiv uas cov neeg lausyuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab, vim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsuas yog muab kev tiv thaiv rau 10 xyoo.

Tetanus yog ib yam kab mob sib kis uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb. Cov kab mob tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cev txawm tias los ntawm kev puas tsuaj me me rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm nws lub neej, ib tug tshuaj lom neeg raug tso tawm, provoking qhov tshwm sim ntawm:

  • spasms ntawm zom cov leeg, thiab tom qab ntawd cramps thoob plaws lub cev;
  • Ntse rhiab heev rau kov.

Vim li ntawd, tus neeg mob ua tsis taus pa thiab noj ib txwm. Qee zaum, nws poob rau hauv lub coma, thiab kev tuag kuj tsis tshua muaj.

Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tetanus toxoid uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP yog tib txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob txaus ntshai. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav tsis tau teem sijhawm nrog kev puas tsuaj loj rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, yog tias tus neeg tsis tau txais nws yav dhau los raws li lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj.

hnoos hawb pob kuj yog ib yam kab mob sib kis uas cuam tshuam rau txoj kev ua pa. Nws cov tsos mob yog:

  • paroxysmal hnoos;
  • sneeze.

Lub cev kub nce me ntsis. Thaum hnoos, tus neeg mob lub ntsej muag tig liab, tus nplaig tawm, thiab hemorrhage nyob rau hauv cov mucous ntawm lub qhov muag yog ua tau.

Tus kab mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lawv tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, tsuas yog hnoos me ntsis, tom qab ntawd qhov ua pa yuav tshwm sim. Tiv thaiv kojtus me nyuam, cov niam txiv yuav tsum muaj lub luag haujlwm rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.

akds cov lus qhia rau kev siv
akds cov lus qhia rau kev siv

YContraindications

Txhua tus menyuam noj qab nyob zoo yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tus kws kho mob uas tuaj koom tshuaj xyuas lawv ua ntej: ntsuas lub cev kub, kawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim tshuaj (yog tias lawv tau muab tshuaj), txiav txim siab txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus menyuam, hauv ib lo lus, pom qhov kev npaj ntawm lub cev kom tau txais cov tshuaj.

Nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia niaj hnub rau kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, cov nram qab no contraindications rau nws cov thawj coj yog muab:

  • kab mob nyob rau theem mob;
  • pathologies ntawm lub paj hlwb;
  • immunodeficiency;
  • malignant neoplasms;
  • kab mob ntev hauv daim ntawv mob;
  • cov teeb meem hnyav uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj zoo sib xws (kev ua xua xua, ua xua, tsis nco qab, Quincke's edema, lub sij hawm shrill qw tsis muaj laj thawj, erythema, lub cev kub tshaj 39.5 ° C);
  • Yug qhov hnyav qis dua 2.5 kg (Cov menyuam yaus no tau txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug ntawm 6 lub hlis, yog tias lawv loj hlob ntawm lub cev thiab lub hlwb ib txwm muaj);
  • kab mob mus ntev (hepatitis, meningitis, tuberculosis, thiab lwm yam);
  • kev ua xua mob hnyav.

Hauv cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau qhia rau 3 xyoos, yav dhau los cov npe tau ntxiv nrog:

  • kev raug mob thaum yug nrog thiab tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam;
  • rickets II thiab IIItheem;
  • kab mob ntshav;
  • Yhydrocephalus;
  • pathology ntawm ob lub raum, siab, gallbladder, pancreas, plawv;
  • mob hlwb raug mob;
  • mob ntshav qab zib mellitus;
  • Ythyrotoxicosis;
  • ulcerative colitis;
  • lub sijhawm postoperative.

Thaum kuaj tus kws kho mob, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov contraindications rau kev txhaj tshuaj, ob qho tag nrho thiab cov txheeb ze. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov menyuam yaus uas tsis raug tso cai tswj hwm DTP tuaj yeem tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tetanus thiab diphtheria (piv txwv li yam tsis muaj kab mob pertussis).

Cov lus qhia tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP rau kev siv
Cov lus qhia tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP rau kev siv

sijhawm txhaj tshuaj

Lub sijhawm tau txais cov tshuaj hauv qab no yog tsim los ntawm lub tebchaws:

  • 3 lub hlis;
  • 4, 5 lub hlis;
  • 6 mo;
  • revaccination ntawm 1.5 xyoo, ces qhov thib ob ntawm 7 xyoo, qhov thib peb ntawm 14.

Txoj kev npaj no yuav txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam noj qab nyob zoo. Yog tias tus menyuam tsis tau txais kev kho mob tsis tsim nyog, tus menyuam yuav tau txais cov tshuaj tom qab ntawm tus kheej (raws li tus kws kho mob txiav txim los ntawm rooj plaub).

Los ntawm qhov koob thib 3 thaum muaj hnub nyoog 14 xyoos, yuav tsum txhaj tshuaj txhua 10 xyoo. Cov ntaub ntawv no kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia siv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP.

akds cov lus qhia tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev siv
akds cov lus qhia tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev siv

Cov Cai Taw Qhia

Kev txhaj tshuaj yog nqa tawm tshwj xeeb hauv qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov los ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.

Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua raws linram qab no algorithm:

  1. Tus kws saib mob ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas lub ampoule. Cov tshuaj tsis siv yog tias nws tawg, txawv teb chaws suav nrog pom hauv cov ntsiab lus, tsis muaj daim ntawv lo. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws them nyiaj rau kev ua raws li kev cia khoom thiab hnub tas sij hawm.
  2. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ampoule yog shaken, nws yog so nrog cawv so thiab qhib. Tom qab ntawd siv tam sim ntawd.
  3. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau kos rau hauv ib lub koob txhaj tshuaj uas siv tau nrog ib rab koob ntev nrog lub lumen dav. Ua ntej qhia txog cov tshuaj, nws hloov mus rau tus qauv.
  4. Kev txhaj tshuaj yog muab intramuscularly nyob rau hauv lub pob tw los yog nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm tus ncej puab. Ua ntej thiab tom qab txhaj tshuaj, daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj yog so nrog cawv so.
  5. Tshuaj tiv thaiv tau sau npe.
  6. Tau ib teev, tus menyuam tus mob yog tus kws kho mob saib xyuas.
akds cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj xyuas
akds cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj xyuas

Side effects

Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP tsis yog ib txwm zam tau zoo.

Cov xwm txheej hauv qab no suav tias yog qhov tshwm sim ib txwm:

  • liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj, o, induration, mob nyob rau tib qhov chaw.
  • Tswv lub cev kub (dhau 37.5 ° C).
  • quav quav.
  • Zoo siab.
  • Kev qab los noj mov.
  • Vim.

Cov xwm txheej no dhau ntawm lawv tus kheej hauv 2-3 hnub (tsis pub dhau 5 hnub).

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP kuj qhia tias muaj teeb meem, yog tias lawv tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim:

  • anaphylactic shock;
  • urticaria;
  • txhawj xeeb;
  • Quicke's edema;
  • nruj lossis liab ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj ntau dua 8 cm inch;
  • quaj ntau tshaj 3 teev;
  • lub cev kub (siab tshaj 39 ° C).

Cov teeb meem no yog vim tsis quav ntsej contraindications lossis kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj tsis raug, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lwj.

Ib daim foos

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT qhia tias nws tau muag hauv ampoules ntawm 0.5 ml ntawm 10 pcs. Lawv muab tso rau hauv cov pob ntawv blister thiab cov thawv ntawv.

cov lus qhia thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv akds
cov lus qhia thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv akds

Kev sib tham

Hnub tib hnub uas txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pertussis, diphtheria thiab tetanus, tau tso cai txhaj tshuaj polio. Tsis tas li, DTP tuaj yeem muab tshuaj nrog lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws (tshwj tsis yog BCG).

In xaus

Kev tiv thaiv muaj zog yog kev txhaj tshuaj DPT. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv hais tias nws yog ib tug prophylactic tiv thaiv 3 kab mob txaus ntshai ib zaug. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem hnyav, txhua qhov ua tau contraindications rau kev txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.

Pom zoo: