Cov hlab ntsha popliteal yog lub nkoj loj loj uas ncaj qha mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha femoral. Nws yog ib feem ntawm cov hlab ntsha neurovascular, nrog rau cov leeg ntawm tib lub npe thiab tibial paj hlwb. Qab, los ntawm sab ntawm popliteal fossa, cov leeg nyob ze rau saum npoo tshaj cov hlab ntsha; thiab cov hlab ntsha tibial tseem ceeb dua cov hlab ntsha.
Qhov chaw thiab thaj chaw
Pib ntawm qis aperture ntawm afferent kwj dej, nyob rau hauv cov nas semimembranous, cov hlab ntsha popliteal adjoins rau hauv qab ntawm popliteal fossa, ua ntej mus rau femur (ncaj qha mus rau popliteal nto), thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau capsular. daim nyias nyias ntawm lub hauv caug.
Qhov qis ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov leeg pob txha. Nws nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw nqaim ntawm lub plab ntawm cov leeg nqaij gastrocnemius, uas npog nws. Thiab tau mus txog ntawm ntug ntawm cov leeg nqaij, lub nkoj tau muab faib ua cov hlab ntsha tom qab thiab sab hauv tibial.
Kev taw qhia ntawm cov hlab ntsha popliteal hloov raws nws qhov ntev:
• Nyob rau sab sauv ntawm popliteal fossa, lub nkoj muaj kev taw qhia downward thiab sab nraud. • pib ntawm theem ntawm nruab nrabpopliteal fossa, cov hlab ntsha popliteal yog qhia yuav luag vertically downwards.
Txoj kev ntawm cov hlab ntsha popliteal
Thaum nws kawm, cov hlab ntsha popliteal muab ntau cov ceg ntoo:
• cov ceg tawv nqaij zoo dua.
• Cov hlab ntsha loj dua lateral genicular.
• Cov hlab ntsha loj tshaj nruab nrab ntawm cov hlab ntsha..
• Middle genicular artery.
• Inferior lateral genicular artery.
• Inferior medial genicular artery.• Sural arteries (ob leeg; tsis tshua muaj ntau).
Popliteal artery aneurysm
Raws li kev txheeb xyuas kev kho mob, qhov no yog qhov chaw muaj ntau tshaj plaws ntawm aneurysms nyob rau hauv periphery: li ntawm 70% ntawm peripheral aneurysms yog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam popliteal. Atherosclerosis yog suav tias yog lub ntsiab ua rau cov kab mob pathological no, txij li nws tau tsim los ua ib qho etiological hauv feem coob ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj cov hlab ntsha popliteal aneurysm.
A popliteal artery aneurysm yuav luag tsis hais hnub nyoog; Qhov nruab nrab hnub nyoog ntawm cov neeg mob yog kwv yees li 60 xyoo, thiab cov hnub nyoog ntawm 40 mus rau 90 xyoo. Cov kab mob ob sab tau sau tseg hauv 50% ntawm cov neeg mob.
Cov kab mob no feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov txiv neej.
Daim duab kho mob yog cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob ischemic ntawm lub plab distal; Cov tsos mob ntawm compression ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha (thaum lawv raug compressed los ntawm aneurysm) kuj yuav ntxiv. calcification ntawm lub aneurysm; •angiography;
• xam tomography.
Cov kev kho mob feem ntau yog ligation ntawm cov hlab ntsha popliteal ntawm ob sab ntawm aneurysm (proximal thiab distal rau nws) ua raws li bypass phais.
Popliteal artery thrombosis
Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws hauv cov hlab ntsha yog kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha sab hauv, cov laj thawj uas tuaj yeem yog cov hauv qab no:
• atherosclerotic deposits ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov ntshav. cov hlab ntsha;
• kub siab;
• mob ntshav qab zib mellitus;
• traumatization ntawm vascular phab ntsa;• vasculitis.
Kev kho mob tshwm sim
Thrombosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha popliteal yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
• mob hnyav hauv ceg, tshwm sim sai sai. Cov neeg mob feem ntau piv nws cov tsos nrog lub tshuab. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, qhov mob yuav ua rau tus cwj pwm paroxysmal; Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tawm tsam ntawm qhov mob ua rau cov tsos ntawm hws ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qee qhov kev qaug zog ntawm qhov mob dhau sij hawm tsis tau txhais hais tias yog lub hom phiaj kev txhim kho ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob.
• Paleness ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm tus ceg ceg.
• Cov tsos ntawm thickening ntawm ceg; nws qhov chaw coincides nrog rau theem ntawm localization ntawm lub thrombus.
• Txo, thiab tom qab ntawd - ploj ntawm rhiab heev ntawm txhais ceg; cov tsos mob ntawm paresthesia.
• Kev txwv tsis pub txav mus los ntawm tus ceg ceg cuam tshuam. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, kev txav mus los yuav ploj tag.
Raws li txoj cai, cov tsos mob tshwm sim maj mam, pib nrog qhov pib ntawmmob.
Thaum tsis muaj kev ntsuas txaus, qhov teeb meem hauv daim ntawv ntawm gangrene tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Tus mob no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj ib thaj tsam meej ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab necrotic. Tom qab ntawd, thaj chaw necrotic yog mummified.
Qhov xwm txheej phem tshaj plaws yog kis kab mob ntawm thaj chaw necrotic. Tus mob no tau kuaj pom los ntawm kev txhim kho hyperthermia sai, mob leukocytosis hauv cov ntshav thiab muaj cov kab mob ulcerative.
