Cawv yog ib yam khoom txawv teb chaws hauv tib neeg cov metabolism, thiab thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv, lub cev pib tawm tsam thiab tsim cov enzymes tsom rau kev sib cais thiab tshem tawm sab nraud. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj no kuj ua rau muaj kev xav ntawm intoxication. Yog li dab tsi enzymes zom cawv?
Yuav ua li cas cov enzymes zom cov dej cawv
Thaum cawv nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, kev tsim cov enzymes tshwj xeeb pib, ua rau nws tshem tawm. Cov enzymes uas rhuav tshem cawv muaj xws li cawv dehydrogenase (ADH) thiab acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH). Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev sib txuas ntawm ADH pib, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tawg ntawm ethanol. Qhov tshwm sim yog cov khoom uas tsis muaj kev phom sij. Thiab nrog kev tsim ntawm acetaldehyde, uas muaj toxicity siab, lub synthesis ntawm ACDH pib. Qhov hnyav ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov kabmob hauv nruab nrog cev yog nyob ntawm seb cov enzymes uas ua rau acetaldehyde yog synthesized sai npaum li cas.
Cawv dehydrogenase muaj peev xwm rhuav tshem ethanol nrog lub zog ntawm 57% nrog ntim ntawm 28.9 grams hauv 1 teev. Cov enzyme no yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm lub siab thiab lub plab. Txawm li cas los xij, lub siab ua rau nws ntau dua.
Ethanol splitting cov kauj ruam
Thaum ethanol nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, lub siab tam sim ntawd pib tsim cov enzymes uas zom cawv, thiab pib cov txheej txheem ntawm assimilation. Nws tshwm sim hauv peb theem:
- Kev rhuav tshem ntawm ethanol rau acetaldehyde thiab cov tshuaj uas tsis ua mob rau lub cev.
- Kev hloov pauv ntawm acetaldehyde rau acetic acid.
- Decomposition ntawm resulting acid rau carbon dioxide thiab dej.
Yuav ua li cas ethanol tawg
Nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej, kev ua dej cawv pib twb nyob rau hauv lub plab, yog li ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm ethanol mus txog rau hauv cov hnyuv me, qhov twg nws yog absorbed. Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov tseeb tias, feem ntau, cov txiv neej xav tau cawv ntau dua kom ua tiav lub xeev ntawm intoxication. Hauv cov poj niam lub cev, lub plab tsim cov enzymes uas zom cov cawv tsawg dua, yog li cawv ntau ntxiv mus txog cov hnyuv.
Raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm cov metabolism hauv ib txwm muaj, hauv tib neeg, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais ethanol xaus nrog kev tawg ntawm acetaldehyde rau hauv dej thiab carbon dioxide, nrog kev tso tawm ntawm xya calories ib gram ntawm cawv, uas tau sau lossis siv rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm lub cev. Kwv yees li 5% ntawm cov cawv haus tau tawm hauv hws thiab tso zis, nrog rau thaum ua pa.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm twgtag kev sib cais tshwm sim
Qhov ceev ntawm kev sobering yog nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub siab ua rau lub siab enzyme uas zom cawv - cawv dehydrogenase thiab acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. Acceleration ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog tsis yooj yim sua txawm nrog kev pab los ntawm stimulants, xws li kas fes. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj npaj rau kev sobering tsuas yog pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm kev haus cawv, tab sis tsis daws qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb.
Tus nqi ntawm kev nqus dej cawv kuj nyob ntawm qhov zaus ntawm kev haus cawv - tsawg dua tus neeg siv lawv, qhov sib cais sai dua. Nrog kev tsim txom tsis tu ncua, kev tsim cov ADH ntau ntxiv tau pom, uas ua rau kev ua tiav ntawm ethanol, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm acetaldehyde. Tab sis tus nqi ntawm ACDH tsim tawm yuav tsis hloov pauv, vim tias lub cev tsis muaj sijhawm los ua txhua yam acetaldehyde, uas yog vim li cas tom qab tawg qeeb. Qhov xwm txheej no ua rau muaj kev qaug cawv hnyav, uas ua rau txhua yam kabmob hauv nruab nrog cev.
Kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib sau ntawm acetaldehyde
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev sib txuam ua rau lub siab, tom qab ntawd acetaldehyde cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb kev ua haujlwm thiab lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua rau muaj kev puas hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis dhau lub plab zom mov, uas ua rau xeev siab thiab plab zom mov. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov hlab plawv yog qhia nyob rau hauv cov tsos ntawm arrhythmias, plawv nres thiab ntshav siab.
Yam khoom twg tuaj yeem ua kom nrawmCov txheej txheem tsim enzyme
Kev sib txuas ntawm cov enzymes uas rhuav tshem cawv tshwm sim hauv txhua lub cev ntawm tus nqi sib txawv, suav nrog tus kheej tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem txhawb nqa los ntawm kev noj qee yam khoom noj, uas suav nrog:
- citrus;
- dej ntxhia;
- dib qaub;
- fruits (apples, grapes, bananas);
- tea;
- qos;
- walnuts;
- miv;
- ncaws.
Cov khoom lag luam los ntawm daim ntawv teev npe no muaj cov vitamins nplua nuj uas tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau qhov uas tau nkim vim haus cawv.
Ntxiv rau, koj tuaj yeem siv lub cev ua si los pab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua siab ntev. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj tuaj yeem ua kev khiav mus rau ob peb kilometers, thawb-ups, rub koj tus kheej. Tso cov xovxwm hauv qhov no yuav tsis pab, vim nws tsis cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv lub cev.
Kev tshem tawm cawv thaum lub sijhawm kev cob qhia yuav ua nrog rau kev tso tawm hws.
- Txawm hais tias cawv dehydrogenase (lub npe ntawm cov enzyme uas zom cawv) tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm kev rhuav tshem ethanol xwb, nws kuj tseem tsim nyob rau hauv lwm yam tsiaj. Qhov tseeb no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov kab mob uas muaj nyob hauv plab hnyuv tso tawm me me ntawm ethyl cawv.
- Ib tug neeg yuav ua xua rau cawv vim kev hloov ntawm caj ces, ua rau tsis txaustus nqi lossis ua tsis tiav ntawm ib qho enzyme uas zom cawv hauv lub cev. Nws manifests nws tus kheej li reddening ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab nce lub cev kub vim lub tsub zuj zuj ntawm acetaldehyde.
- Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg sab qaum teb, vim lawv cov kev noj haus thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov enzymes uas zom cov cawv, haus cawv sai dua lwm haiv neeg, tab sis lawv kuj tau sobered sai heev, yog li lawv yuav xav tau cawv ntau ntxiv kom ncav cuag theem ntawm intoxication.
Kev haus cawv muaj txiaj ntsig sib txawv rau txhua tus neeg, nws nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev, nws tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kheej thiab tus nqi ntawm kev tsim cov cawv dehydrogenase thiab acetaldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob hnov qab tias kev tsim txom ntawm cov dej qab zib uas muaj cawv tuaj yeem ua mob rau tib neeg, thiab nws yog qhov zoo dua los soj ntsuam qhov ntsuas.
