Osteochondrosis yog ib hom kab mob ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum, tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg cartilaginous ntawm cov disks thiab cov pob txha hauv paus. Pathology manifests nws tus kheej tsuas yog tom qab 30 xyoo.
Cov tsos mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis tuaj yeem sib txawv, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob tom ntej.
Ntxhais kab mob
Lub ncauj tsev menyuam cheeb tsam muaj vertebrae thiab paj hlwb xaus. Osteochondrosis ntawm thaj chaw no yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm degeneration ntawm intervertebral nucleus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kab mob tsis tu ncua cuam tshuam rau cov paj hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb.
Tus kab mob no tau pom zoo li lwm yam kab mob, vim tias cov tsos mob ntawm osteochondrosis yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob taub hau, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis xis nyob hauv caj dab. Cov neeg mob yws txog cov teeb meem siab thiab xeev siab. Feem ntau, ntau tus neeg tsis meej pem tej yam tshwm sim nrog cov kab mob ntawm lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha.
Ntau zaus, tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov teeb meem tsis tu ncua, tus neeg mob pib tsis nco qab sai, tsis muaj cua thiab loog ntawm tus nplaig. Qhov tseeb, tus kab mob no tau kuaj pom hauv cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 30 xyoo, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev thauj khoom tsis tu ncua thiab zoo li qub. Tsis ntev los no, kev ua txhaum cai no tau pom txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov hluas.
Degrees of development
Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob. Thaum thawj theem, cov khoom noj khoom haus ntawm cov pob txha mos raug cuam tshuam, uas ua rau muaj qee yam enzymes uas muaj kev puas tsuaj. Tus neeg ntawd xav tias tsis xis nyob. Kev tawm dag zog txhua hnub thaum sawv ntxov yuav pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob zoo li no.
Nyob rau theem thib ob, qhov teeb meem ntawm cov enzymes pathological tau nce ntxiv, thiab qhov mob pib tshwm sim hauv lub cev. Cov pob txha mos maj mam hnav, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov vertebrae pib kov, pinching cov hlab ntsha xaus. Kev hnov mob ua rau muaj suab nrov. Nws ua nyuaj heev rau tus neeg ua haujlwm.
Nyob rau qib peb, neoplasms thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha pib tsim. Cov tsos mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog manifested nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mob hnyav. Muaj ib qho teeb meem metabolic, yog li ntawd, ntawm tus txha nraub qaum, hauv thaj tsam ntawm qhov mob, cov ntsev pib muab tso rau. Cov txheej txheem ntawm ossification ntawm lub vertebrae pib, uas ua rau kom maj mam loj hlob ntawm ib tug intervertebral hernia.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tam sim ntawm theem ntawm tus kab mob los ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuamosteochondrosis, raws li qib ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg puas yuav tsis sib haum rau cov cim uas twb muaj lawm.
Kev tshwm sim
Ua ntej txiav txim siab cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis, koj yuav tsum nkag siab meej tias yam twg cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem pathological. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological thiab lub cev, uas muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab feem ntau suav nrog ua ke.
Lub cev hloov pauv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem uas tsis muaj hnub nyoog cuam tshuam hauv cov pob txha mos. Kev tsis xis nyob yog tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntsha xaus. Pathological hloov pauv tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus thiab kev ua neej nyob tsis muaj zog. Feem ntau ntawm cov teeb meem no tshwm sim hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov hnub nyoog nruab nrab.
Hauv qee kis, osteochondrosis tuaj yeem ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej lossis tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov teeb meem luv luv. Ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb, cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau qhia:
- tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog lub cev;
- overweight;
- feem ntau nyob hauv qhov tsis xis nyob;
- pw hauv ncoo lossis txaj;
- xov xwm strain;
- hypothermia;
- raug mob rau sab nraub qaum thiab caj dab.
Qhov ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm osteochondrosis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag, nrog rau ntau yam kab mob autoimmune.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Muaj ntau cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha xaus hauv lub caj dab. Nws yog vim li no tias cov tsos mob ntawm osteochondrosis ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam thiabntawm thaj av thoracic yog txuam nrog ischemia ntawm qee qhov ntawm lub hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlab ntsha xaus uas muab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog thiab rhiab heev ntawm lub xub pwg nyom thiab sab sauv ceg, thaum nyem los ntawm cov pob txha puas lawm, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam tshwm sim. Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis feem ntau nyob ntawm seb qhov system twg cuam tshuam los ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological. Tshwj xeeb, cov cim hauv qab no tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:
- ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav microcirculation thaum nyem cov hlab ntsha vertebral;
- qhia txog kev puas tsuaj rau paj hlwb xaus;
- mob hnyav neurotic pathologies hauv cov xwm txheej tsis saib xyuas.
Thawj cov tsos mob ntawm cervicothoracic osteochondrosis ntawm tus txha nraub qaum yog qhov mob ntawm caj dab, caj dab thiab caj dab. Localization ntawm qhov mob tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv, ua rau mob migraine hnyav. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov mob tshwm sim feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov mob thiab qhov hnyav ntawm pathology. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, tsis xis nyob yuav kis tau sai, maj qhov mob yuav ua rau mob, mob. Thaum lub sij hawm exacerbation, qhov mob yuav tua, lub suab ntawm lub caj dab cov leeg nce thiab lub taub hau txav yog txwv.
Ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis hauv cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej, ib tus tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov muaj suab nrov thiab suab nrov hauv pob ntseg, nrog rau kev txhaws. Qee zaum, kev hnov lus tsis pom zoo. Tag nrho cov kev tshwm sim no cuam tshuam nrog kev txo qis hauv cov ntshav.
Tsis tas li, ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:
- kiv taub hau,
- siab poob,
- tsis muaj cua,
- nausea,
- kev pom kev tsis pom kev.
kiv taub hau yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cervicothoracic osteochondrosis. Lawv tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav ntws mus rau hauv lub cev uas ua kom muaj kev sib npaug ntawm lub cev. Qhov tsis muaj cua tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm kev khaus ntawm cov paj hlwb uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm kev ua pa. Cov neeg mob feem ntau yws tias lawv ua tsis taus pa tob. Qee zaum, cov tsos mob hnyav zuj zus mus rau qhov ua tsis taus pa hnyav lossis ua tsis taus pa.
Tsis muaj oxygen cuam tshuam nrog kev ua pa tsis zoo yog qhov ua rau muaj kev qaug zog ntxiv, txo qis kev xav thiab teeb meem nco. Qee zaum, tej zaum yuav muaj xeev siab, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua tsis zoo ntawm cov ntshav ncig hauv qee qhov ntawm lub hlwb. Qee zaum nws tuaj yeem nrog ntuav, tsis qab los noj mov, poob phaus.
Cov tsos mob ntawm osteochondrosis ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam nqaj qaum yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug deterioration nyob rau hauv qhov muag acuity. Txawm li cas los xij, xws li kev ua txhaum cai tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias kev kho mob thiab hnav tsom iav tsis muab qhov xav tau, thiab kev pom kev zoo tsuas yog tom qab kev kho mob osteochondrosis.
Lub siab tsis ruaj khov yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua tsis zoo ntawm cov ntshav ncig hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub hlwb lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm vascular-motor center. Qee zaum, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov kub thiab txias me ntsis hauv cheeb tsam reddening ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub txog cov tsos mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuamosteochondrosis. Kev tsis xis nyob thiab mob tsis tas yuav tshwm sim, vim li ntawd nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas dav dav thiab muaj peev xwm kho tau raws sijhawm. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias txhua tus neeg mob muaj ib tug crunch thiab cov yam ntxwv clicks thaum tsiv lub caj dab, thiab nws yog los ntawm no kos npe rau hais tias lub chav kawm ntawm pathology yuav pom tau hais tias.
Diagnostics
Yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis tshwm sim, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau pib tam sim ntawd, yog vim li cas nws thiaj li mus ntsib kws kho mob hlwb tam sim. Txhawm rau tsim qhov ua rau ntawm cov paib uas twb muaj lawm, yuav tsum muaj kev ntsuam xyuas dav.
Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj nrog kev kuaj mob paj hlwb, tus kws kho mob ntsuas qhov kev txav mus los thiab mob hauv caj dab, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntshav ncig hauv cov hlab ntsha vertebral. Ntawm cov kev kuaj mob tseem ceeb, cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau hais txog:
- x-ray ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam vertebrae,
- discography,
- tomography,
- myelography,
- doppler ultrasound.
Txhua qhov no yuav tso cai rau kev txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab thiab qib ntawm kev tsis saib xyuas tus kabmob, nrog rau xaiv cov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws. Txoj kev kho mob yog ntev txaus thiab yuav tsum tau ua siab ntev.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem rov qab kho cov pob txha pob txha tag, tab sis muaj lub sijhawm los txhim kho lub neej zoo thiab tshem tawm qhov mob ntev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kab mob txhawm rau kho cov kev kho mob yog tias tsim nyog thiabkwv yees kev txhim kho lossis teeb meem.
Kev kho mob
Txawm hais tias muaj cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm, kev kho mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis yog ua los ntawm kev siv txoj kev saib xyuas, thiab nws ib txwm nyuaj. Yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj, tshwj xeeb:
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob,
- tshuaj tua kab mob,
- corticosteroids,
- muscle relaxants,
- Vitamin complexes.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, novocaine blockades raug sau rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm qhov mob loj tshaj plaws. Qee zaum kev qhia txog cov tshuaj hormonal tuaj yeem raug qhia. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho mob hauv zos tau qhia, uas suav nrog kev siv cov tshuaj pleev kom sov thiab gels. Physiotherapy thiab physiotherapy ce muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov tswv yim zoo li no tso cai rau koj kom sai thiab zoo ntxiv dag zog rau cov leeg ntawm caj dab. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv siv tau tsuas yog tom qab lub sijhawm mob hnyav zuj zus.
Txhawm rau kom cov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov vertebrae, muaj kev kho vajtse txuas ntxiv ntawm tus txha caj qaum yog qhia. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, kev phais yog tsim nyog, tab sis yuav tsum muaj qhov qhia tau zoo rau qhov no.
Kev kho mob tuaj yeem ntxiv los ntawm kev hnav orthopedic Shants dab tshos. Vim muaj zog fixation ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam vertebrae, kev kho mob yog nqa tawm sai heev. Cov cuab yeej no tso cai rau koj los daws qhov mob sai, ua kom cov ntshav ncig hauv caj dab thiab txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho ntawm tus neeg mob.
Drug therapy
Nyob ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cervicothoracicKev kho osteochondrosis nrog cov tshuaj yog xaiv ib tus zuj zus. Txoj kev kho no yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm qhov mob, mob, nrog rau rov qab mus rau lub cev mus rau lub cev thiab cov ntshav ncig.
Ntawm cov pab pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj, cov hauv qab no yuav tsum paub qhov txawv:
- tshuaj tua kab mob - Piroxicam, Diclofenac;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv - "Dexamethasone", "Prednisolone";
- chondroprotectors - "Neurobeks", "Teraflex", "Chondroxide";
- muscle relaxants - so cov leeg thiab siv los pab tshem tawm qhov mob;
- Vitamin complexes.
Yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev thiab gels. Nurofen thiab Voltaren muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Lawv pab ua kom cov ntshav khiav zoo, tshem tawm qhov mob thiab spasms, thiab tseem ua kom sov.
Nws yuav pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis ntawm tus txha nraub qaum kho nrog cov tshuaj uas normalize cerebral ncig. Tshwj xeeb, cov tshuaj xws li Cavinton thiab Tanakan muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv lub hlwb, nrog rau kev rov qab xav thiab nco, yuav tsum muaj nootropics, tshwj xeeb yog Cerakson thiab Piracetam.
physiotherapy techniques
sai thiab zoo pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm ntawm osteochondrosis ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam hauv tsev kho mob nrog kev pab ntawm kev kho mob tshwj xeeb. Ntxiv nrog rau kev kho kev tawm dag zog thiab kev siv tshuaj, hauvCov txheej txheem ntsuas suav nrog cov hauv qab no ntawm kev cuam tshuam:
- massage,
- physiotherapeutic effect.
Spinal traction yuav ua rau kom qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov vertebrae. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov load yuav tsum tau dosed. Qhov cuam tshuam yog ua los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev, tshwj xeeb nrog kev siv cov rooj tshwj xeeb.
Massage muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Xws li cov txheej txheem normalizes ntshav ncig, khoom noj khoom haus thiab roj pauv ntawm pob txha mos. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog kev pab ntawm zaws, koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov leeg nqaij thiab spasms, tshem tawm qhov mob.
Cov nyhuv Physiotherapeutic cuam tshuam nrog kev siv ntau yam, xws li:
- laser raug,
- magnetic teb,
- ultrasound,
- low zaus tam sim no.
Qee zaum, cov tshuaj kuj tseem siv nrog kev kho lub cev, uas ua rau lawv ua tau zoo thiab tsis txhob muaj kev phiv.
Kev kho hniav tso cai rau koj los txhim kho lossis qeeb qeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis tu ncua hauv lub cev vim muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntsiab lus lom neeg. Qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov kev ntsuas no tau ua tiav nrog lawv daim ntawv thov nyuaj.
Ntseeg haiv neeg
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis tshwm sim, kev kho mob hauv tsev yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj da dej kom tshem tawm qhov mob sai sai.hnov thiab o. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv pab kom cov txha nraub qaum. Cov txheej txheem dej yuav tsum tau ua txhua hnub, thiab kev kho mob yog 15-20 txheej txheem.
Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv ib lub decoction ntawm mint, chamomile, birch, txiv qaub balm los yog sage rau da dej. Rau kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj, yarrow infusion yog qhov zoo, vim nws pab kom tshem tawm qhov mob, mob thiab spasms sai. Raws li compresses, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj ntsev hiav txwv. Kev kho mob hauv tsev yuav pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis sai sai, txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej siv txhua txoj kev thiab cov hau kev, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem.
prophylaxis
Txoj kev zoo tshaj los tiv thaiv yog kev noj qab nyob zoo, nrog rau kev tsim ntawm lub cev thaum yau. Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv, nws raug pom zoo:
- kev hloov pauv khoom noj khoom haus;
- siv lub hauv ncoo orthopedic thiab txaj pw;
- Smooth lifting.
Daim ntawv pib ntawm cov kab mob hauv paus tsis muaj cov tsos mob hnyav. Yog tias koj muaj mob ntawm lub sternum, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Nrog rau kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm thiab kev kho kom raug, lub ncauj tsev menyuam osteochondrosis pib yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Txwv tsis pub, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntau yam kev hloov pauv pathological uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis taus. Ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog:
- mob ntshav qab zib hauv lub taub hauhlwb;
- siab nce;
- qaug zog, loog, leeg atrophy;
- hernias thiab protrusions;
- vegetative-vascular dystonia;
- neurological ntshawv siab.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob tuaj koom. Kev tshem tawm qhov tsis xis nyob thaum ntxov yog yooj yim dua li kev kho tus kab mob siab heev. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum ntawm lub cev ntawm tus menyuam. Cov kev kho mob pej xeem pab tiv thaiv tus kab mob, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia siab rau lawv thiab tsis kam kho mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau qhov teeb meem hnyav dua, thaum yuav tsum tau phais.
