Dis xim ntawm cov quav: ua rau. Cov xim thiab cov qauv ntawm cov quav hloov li cas nrog kab mob siab?

Cov txheej txheem:

Dis xim ntawm cov quav: ua rau. Cov xim thiab cov qauv ntawm cov quav hloov li cas nrog kab mob siab?
Dis xim ntawm cov quav: ua rau. Cov xim thiab cov qauv ntawm cov quav hloov li cas nrog kab mob siab?

Video: Dis xim ntawm cov quav: ua rau. Cov xim thiab cov qauv ntawm cov quav hloov li cas nrog kab mob siab?

Video: Dis xim ntawm cov quav: ua rau. Cov xim thiab cov qauv ntawm cov quav hloov li cas nrog kab mob siab?
Video: Acute Interstitial Nephritis (AIN) | Causes, Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Dab xim quav tsis tshwm sim yam tsis muaj laj thawj. Feem ntau qhov no yog lub tswb ceeb toom uas feem ntau tshwm sim nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws loj. Cov laj thawj tej zaum yuav tsis muaj teeb meem ntau, txawm li cas los xij, yog vim li cas nws yuav, qhov tshwm sim no tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej.

Tam sim no nws tsim nyog qhia tias dab tsi ua rau cov quav ua kom tsis muaj xim, cov kab mob no qhia tau li cas thiab kev kho mob li cas.

kab mob siab

Tus kab mob no yog qhov ua rau muaj qhov quav loj tshaj plaws hauv cov neeg laus. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo thiab qhov sib xws ntawm cov quav hloov pauv loj heev. Tus kab mob nws tus kheej txawv ntawm qhov cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev. Muaj cov kab mob no:

  • kab mob siab A. Kab mob plab hnyuv, qhov chaw kis kab mob yog dej. Lub sijhawm incubation tsis pub dhau 1 lub hlis.
  • kab mob siab B. Nws kis tau los ntawm qaub ncaug thiab ntshav. Lub sijhawm incubation tuaj yeem kav ntev li ob peb lub hlis.
  • kab mob siab C. Nws muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo sib xws rau lub cev raws li hom kab mob yav dhau los, txawm li cas los xijnqa tau yooj yim dua.
  • kab mob siab delta. Kev kis mob tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev kis kab mob ntawm hom yav dhau los.
  • kab mob siab E. Nws raug kuaj pom hauv cov tebchaws uas qhov kev kho dej phwj zoo qis heev.

Txawm li cas los xij, tus kab mob no cuam tshuam rau lub cev thiab tawm tsam daim siab. Thiab cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog cov quav tso zis thiab hloov xim ntawm cov zis (nws darkens).

yam kab mob jaundice ua rau tag nrho discoloration ntawm quav
yam kab mob jaundice ua rau tag nrho discoloration ntawm quav

Kev kuaj mob ntxiv

Tsis yog tsuas yog cov quav tso quav nrog kab mob siab xwb. Cov qauv ntawm cov pawg kuj hloov pauv, lawv dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo, tau txais cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb thiab cov greasy zoo nkauj.

Txhawm rau kom tau txais daim duab dav dav ntawm tus kabmob, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam lwm cov kua hauv lub cev, nrog rau kev sim kuaj. Nco ntsoov txheeb xyuas cov ntshav kom pom muaj bilirubin, thiab tso zis rau kev kuaj pom lub siab enzymes.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas tus kabmob ua rau tus kabmob. Kab mob siab tuaj yeem yog kab mob, autoimmune, tshuaj, cawv, tuberculosis, echinococcal, opisthorchiasis, cryptogenic, theem nrab. Nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm, nws yog mob thiab mob. Thiab raws li kev kho mob cov cim - icteric thiab anicteric. Tseem muaj ib daim ntawv subclinical.

Feem ntau, tus kab mob tshwm sim, qhia los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov quav, vim kev puas tsuaj rau daim siab los ntawm kev kis kab mob lossis kab mob hepatotoxic. Muaj tsawg zaus, qhov ua rau tus kab mob no dhau los ua ib qho autoimmune pathology, tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau nws tus kheej.fabrics.

kho kab mob siab

Yog tus kab mob no dhau los ua rau cov zis tsaus nti thiab cov quav tso zis, ces tus neeg mob yuav nyuaj rau kev kho. Lawv raug kho hauv tsev kho mob. Nco ntsoov ua raws li cov lus qhia no:

  • Ua raws li 5A noj thiab so ib nrab txaj.
  • Tsis txhob haus cawv thiab tshuaj hepatotoxic.
  • Siv cov tshuaj qhia rau kev kho mob detoxification.
  • Noj tshuaj hepatoprotective. Cov no yog silymarin, tseem ceeb phospholipids thiab pom cov mis nyuj thistle extract.
  • Kev ua txhua hnub siab enemas.
  • Kev siv cov tshuaj kho metabolic, siv cov vitamin complexes, manganese, calcium thiab potassium.

Tsis tas li, cov txiaj ntsig zoo tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog oxygen barotherapy thiab kho oxygen. Nrog rau kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm, qhov kev pom zoo yog qhov zoo. Mob toxic thiab cawv kab mob siab yog tuag taus tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 3-10% ntawm cov neeg mob. Yog tias koj pib kho raws sijhawm, koj yuav muaj peev xwm kho tau zoo. Thiab tag nrho cov tsos mob tsis kaj siab (tshwj xeeb ntawm cov quav - suav nrog) yuav ploj mus.

cov zis tsaus nti ntawm cov quav
cov zis tsaus nti ntawm cov quav

Zaum

Thaum tham txog kab mob siab, yuav tsum xyuam xim rau tus mob no, kuj hu ua Txoj Moo Zoo tus kab mob. Dab tsi ntawm jaundice ua rau tag nrho cov xim ntawm cov quav? Nrog parenchymal, raws li txoj cai, vim nrog nws bilirubin tsis zais rau hauv cov kua tsib, tab sis accumulates hauv cov ntshav.

Kev ua tsis tiav hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm txiav txiav thiab daim siab ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev nce ntxivconcentrations ntawm cov tshuaj lom thiab txaus ntshai Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv lub cev. Nkag mus rau hauv cov quav, lawv ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lawv.

Nrog cholestasis, jaundice nrog tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm kev hloov xim ntawm cov quav, tab sis kuj los ntawm qhov tsos ntawm daim tawv nqaij khaus, nrog rau cov zis tsaus nti. Ua tau txias, mob siab, tsis xis nyob hauv pancreas, xanthomas (cov no yog cov roj cholesterol nyob hauv daim tawv nqaij), ascites, kab laug sab leeg, thiab lwm yam.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tsis muaj ib qho kev xeem twg tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov jaundice, tab sis kev kuaj lub siab pab kom paub qhov chaw. Nco ntsoov ua cov kev sim rau tag nrho, conjugated thiab unconjugated bilirubin, AST, ALT, kawm urobilinogen, nrog rau cov zis thiab quav.

Cholecystitis

Lwm yam ua rau lub teeb quav hauv cov neeg laus. Cholecystitis yog ib qho mob ntawm lub gallbladder. Cov kua tsib, zoo li bilirubin, uas muab cov quav xim, zom cov proteins. Yog tias lawv nkag mus rau hauv cov hnyuv hauv qhov tsis txaus, ces cov pawg yuav tsis stain.

Nrog cholecystitis, cov khoom noj nitrogenous thiab rog pom muaj ntau hauv cov quav. Vim li no, discoloration ntawm quav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus. Cov huab hwm coj ua lub teeb heev, qee zaum xim dawb.

Ntxiv rau cov tsos mob no, tseem muaj qhov mob paroxysmal ntawm sab xis ntawm lub plab, uas tawm mus rau pob txha caj dab, lub xub pwg hniav thiab lub xub pwg. Tej zaum yuav muaj cov kab mob vegetative-vascular disorders - insomnia, tawm hws, qaug zog, zoo li neurosis. Feem ntau ib tug neeg raug tsim txom los ntawm ntuav nrog cov kua tsib, xeev siab, kub taub hau, iab hauv qhov ncauj.

Raws li ib feem ntawm kev kuaj mobNco ntsoov ua ultrasound ntawm lub gallbladder, duodenal fractional sounding, cholecystocholangiography thiab, tau kawg, kuaj ntshav. Kev kho mob nyuaj, tus neeg mob tau txais kev noj haus, noj tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab kho lub cev.

cov quav dawb thiab cov zis tsaus
cov quav dawb thiab cov zis tsaus

YCholelithiasis

Nws feem ntau ua rau tus mob cholecystitis tsis zoo. Thiab nws kuj tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov tsos ntawm cov quav uas tsis muaj xim. Nyob rau hauv lub coprogram, undigested rog yog kuaj - nws yog nws leej twg muab cov quav ib tug yam ntxwv lub teeb daj tint. Lub teeb xim, qhov phem dua. Vim qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov kua tsib tsis nkag mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv kom txaus vim yog lub ducts thaiv.

Ib yam tsos mob yog mob plab. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj, tus neeg mob qhov kub thiab txias nce, raws plab thiab ntuav pib, cov mucous thiab daim tawv nqaij yuav daj.

Kev kuaj mob yog los ntawm kev kuaj lub cev, kuaj ntshav, cholecystography, CT, MRI, thiab ultrasound plab. Kev kho mob suav nrog kev noj zaub mov, thaum mob hnyav, kev tshem tawm ntawm lub gallbladder tuaj yeem raug qhia. Tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov pob zeb yaj nrog chenodeoxycholic lossis ursodeoxycholic acids lossis lawv qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev poob siab yoj lithotripsy.

YPancreatitis

Thaum mob pancreas, cov quav dawb thiab tso zis tsaus yog tsawg heev. Ntau zaus lub rooj zaum ua grey, txawm tias ntsuab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws lub teeb ci tuaj yeem ua tau.

Tus kab mob no tshwm sim vim hypertriglycerinemia, nce ntau ntawm calcium ions hauv cov ntshav, cholelithiasis, haus dej cawv, tso quav tso.kab mob pancreas, lom, raug mob, kab mob, sphincter tsis ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam.

Thaum xub thawj, tus mob pancreatitis tsis ua rau nws tus kheej xav, tab sis tom qab ntawd qhov mob tshwm rau hauv plab plab, sab laug hypochondrium. Nws feem ntau radiates rau lub plawv, qee zaum kis tau tus cwj pwm shingles. Cov tsos mob dyspeptic kuj tuaj yeem pom - ntuav, xeev siab, tsam plab, flatulence, kub hnyiab.

Kev kuaj mob suav nrog kev sim kuaj cov kua dej lom neeg, ultrasound, MRI, CT, endoscopic ultrasonography thiab retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Kev kho mob suav nrog kev noj zaub mov, zam kev haus cawv thiab tshuaj tsis zoo, thiab tshuaj uas kws kho mob tau sau tseg. Kev phais yuav raug qhia, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov teeb meem purulent, hlwv, stenosis ntawm sphincter ntawm Oddi, kev hloov loj heev thiab cuam tshuam ntawm ducts.

discoloration ntawm quav nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam
discoloration ntawm quav nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam

YDysbacteriosis

Saum toj no tau hais txog yuav ua li cas cov xim thiab cov qauv ntawm cov quav hloov nrog kab mob siab thiab lwm yam kab mob. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nrog dysbacteriosis, discoloration ntawm cov quav kuj tshwm sim. Qhov no yog qhov xav tau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm plab hnyuv microflora.

Thaum dysbacteriosis, qhov concentration ntawm cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nrog rau cov txheej txheem tsim cov stercobilin (xim enzyme) cuam tshuam. Vim li no, tsis tsuas yog cov xim ntawm cov quav hloov, tab sis kuj ua haujlwm ntawm cov hnyuv cuam tshuam.

Qhov ua rau dysbacteriosis tuaj yeem yog siv cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob, kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, kev puas siab puas ntsws, kab mob sib kis,Kev tiv thaiv kab mob, cuam tshuam biorhythms, plab hnyuv motility thiab metabolism, acclimatization, thiab lwm yam.

Qhov teeb meem yog txiav txim los ntawm kab lis kev cai bacteriological. Kev kho mob feem ntau yog qhia ntawm thawj pathology. Lub hom phiaj yog los kho cov hnyuv motility, tshem tawm qhov mob thiab ua enzyme hloov kho.

Oncology

Ntau zaus, kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav tsis muaj tsos mob. Tab sis feem ntau lawv tau qhia los ntawm congestion nyob rau hauv lub nruab nrog cev, vim hais tias cov quav ua lub teeb, los yog txawm colorless. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsos mob no feem ntau tsis quav ntsej los ntawm ntau tus neeg.

yuav ua li cas cov xim thiab cov qauv ntawm cov quav hloov nrog kab mob siab
yuav ua li cas cov xim thiab cov qauv ntawm cov quav hloov nrog kab mob siab

Kev siv tshuaj kho mob

Cov quav tso zis ntau dhau thaum noj "Calcium D3 Nycomed" thiab ntau lwm yam tshuaj. Cov cuab yeej no suav nrog:

  • tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ("Allopurinol" tshwj xeeb).
  • cov tshuaj uas muaj valproic acid.
  • Tuberculosis tshuaj.
  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory tshuaj. Lawv ua rau discoloration ntawm cov quav vim yog ntau tshaj ntawm qhov tso cai. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov quav tsis muaj xim tshwm sim thaum noj Ibuprofen thiab Paracetamol.
  • Tetracycline tshuaj tua kab mob.
  • tshuaj Steroid.
  • tshuaj tua kab mob (tshwj xeeb yog Augmentin).

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov quav tso zis. Tus kws kho mob yuav pab koj xaiv cov tshuaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Zoo plab

Nrog raws plab, qhov ntim ntawm cov quav thiab cov plab hnyuv loj nce ntxiv. Qhov no ua rau lub cev qhuav dej. Kev mob plab dawb yog qhov tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, thiab yog li ntawd, yog tias nws tshwm sim, yuav tsum tau nrhiav kev kho mob sai.

Qhov ua rau mob raws plab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob hauv lub cev, noj qee yam tshuaj, thiab ua rau muaj kev mob hnyav ntxiv (tsis suav nrog oncology). Feem ntau, zawv plab dawb qhia tau hais tias ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub txiav, muaj fistulas lossis o ntawm mucosa.

Tsis tas li ntawd, quav yuav tig dawb vim muaj cov purulent impurities hauv lawv.

quav discoloration nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus
quav discoloration nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus

Fecal discoloration hauv me nyuam

Kev hloov cov quav hauv cov menyuam mos yog nyob ntawm seb hom mis twg lawv tau txais los ntawm leej niam lub cev. Raws li, qhov tseem ceeb yog dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas tus poj niam noj. Yog hais tias nws noj ntau cov kua mis fermented, ces tus me nyuam yuav muaj teeb, los yog txawm lub pliaj plob tsis so tswj.

Yog tus menyuam noj mis mis, qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov quav tuaj yeem hloov pauv vim qhov hloov pauv tsis ntev los no rau cov khoom tsim los ntawm lwm lub chaw tsim khoom.

Cov menyuam yaus uas noj raws li kev noj zaub mov ntawm lub rooj dav dav, cov quav tsis muaj xim yog vim kev tsim txom ntawm cov carbohydrates lossis cov zaub mov calcified. Cov quav dawb tuab yuav yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib feem ntawm curd thiab qaub cream noj.

Lwm qhov laj thawj yog feem ntau teething. Txog tam sim no, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov xwm txheej notsis nkag siab tag nrho, tab sis feem ntau cov niam txiv tshiab feem ntau qhia txog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov xwm txheej no.

discoloration ntawm quav
discoloration ntawm quav

Whipple's disease

Thaum kawg, nws tsim nyog tham txog qhov tsis tshua muaj pathology uas tshwm sim hauv qee tus menyuam yaus. Ib qho ntawm nws cov tsos mob yog xim tsis muaj quav. Nrog rau tus kab mob no, cov quav ua ntau zaus mus txog 10 zaug hauv ib hnub, tsis muaj hlau tsis txaus ntshav ntshav tshwm sim, qhov kub thiab txias nce, thiab cov qog ua rau mob.

Whipple's disease yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj ntau yam kab mob ntawm cov kab mob sib kis. Nws cuam tshuam rau lub lymphatic system, lub synovial daim nyias nyias ntawm cov pob qij txha thiab cov hnyuv me.

Tus kab mob no tshwj xeeb, kev kho mob kav li 1-2 xyoos. Lub sijhawm no, tus neeg mob yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas qhia rau nws. Tom qab rov zoo, txhua 3 lub hlis koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas los ntawm kws kho mob plab, thiab mus ntsib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ib zaug txhua rau lub hlis.

Pom zoo: