Kev faib tawm ntawm rhinitis, ua rau, tsos mob, teeb meem thiab kev kho mob

2024 Tus sau: Curtis Blomfield | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 21:10

Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws rau lub cev yog qhov txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv. Thaum lub zog tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog, tus kab mob kis tau nkag mus rau hauv. Rhinitis kuj tshwm sim thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwm sim, qhia txog kev poob qis hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev faib tawm ntawm rhinitis raws li ICD-10: J30.0 - J30.4.

Yog vim li cas

Qhov ua rau mob rhinitis tuaj yeem muaj ntau. Feem ntau nws yog:

1. Kev kho tsis tiav lossis kho tsis tiav o ntawm qhov ntswg mucosa. Hauv qhov no, qhov txaus ntshai yog tias tus kab mob tuaj yeem nkag mus rau theem hnyav, uas yog, mus rau hauv purulent rhinitis.
2. Kev noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov paug tawm muaj qhov tseeb, dej sib xws.
3. Bacteria. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov paug yuav ntsuab los yog dawb-daj.
4. Congenital lossis kis tau qhov tsis xws luag. Piv txwv li, ib tug deviated nasal septum. Yog vim li cas rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm rhinitis kuj yog pathologies nyob rau hauv lub maxillary sinuses los yog nce nyob rau hauv lub thib peb tonsil.
5. Hormonal tsis ua haujlwm. Feem ntautshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm restructuring ntawm lub cev los yog tom qab noj tej yam tshuaj.
6. Qhov tsis zoo sab nraud. Vim muaj ntau yam kab mob, haus luam yeeb, qhov chaw ua haujlwm lossis nyob hauv qhov chaw muaj kuab paug, kev hloov pauv hauv cov mucous ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg tshwm sim. Hom kab mob rhinitis no hu ua "hypertrophic" hauv tshuaj.
7. Kev tsis haum tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias muaj qhov ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj.

Symptoms

Cov tsos mob Rhinitis tau hais. Tab sis qhov txawv ntawm tus kab mob no muaj nws tus kheej sib txawv.

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim zoo li no:

1. Yog hais tias nws yog tus kab mob kis, nws yog nrog los ntawm qhov o thiab liab ntawm qhov ntswg. Lub caj pas yuav ua mob thiab conjunctivitis tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Qhov kub nce. Vim yog qhov o ntawm mucosa, ua pa nyuaj. Tshem tawm ntawm qhov ntswg thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob yog pob tshab thiab dej. Tom qab ib pliag lawv slimy.
2. Cov kab mob ua rau qhov ntswg congestion, tawm daj-dawb thiab ntsuab. Tej zaum yuav txham, pershit caj pas. Muaj qhov tsis xis nyob tas li thiab qaug zog hnyav, mob taub hau feem ntau pib.
3. Kev tsis haum tshuaj yog qhov txawv tsis yog los ntawm qhov o hauv lub qhov ntswg, ua tsis taus pa, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev mob conjunctivitis. Lachrymation pib, thiab qhov muag feem ntau ua liab. Nasal tso tawm los, qhov ntswg thiab qhov muag khaus heev.
4. Nyob rau hauv mob rhinitis, tso tawm yog tas li, xws li qaug zog, qaug zog ntev. Feem ntau pom muaj kab mob ua pa. Yog hais tias sputum tau txaisCov xim ntsuab txhais tau hais tias muaj kab mob purulent.
5. Yog tias muaj kev yug me nyuam, qhov tso tawm yog purulent thiab tas li. Yog li ntawd, kev xaav ntawm cov ntxhiab tsw yog txo, ua pa hnyav.
6. Nrog hypertrophic rhinitis, pathologies cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm lub qhov ntswg mucosa pib, qhov tsw tsw qab yuav tshwm sim. Kev qhuav qhuav tas li hauv caj pas.

Allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis, kev faib tawm uas suav tias yog ib qho mob hnyav thiab mob ntev ntawm cov kab mob pathology, yog qhov ua rau muaj qee yam tsis haum. Nws tuaj yeem nyuaj heev los txiav txim siab qhov ua xua, vim tias txhua yam nyob ntawm tus kheej tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg, tab sis ntawm cov laj thawj feem ntau yog:

• paj paj ntoo thiab hav txwv yeem;
• mold;
• plua plav mites;
• tshuaj;
• tsiaj plaub.

Nonallergic rhinitis

Tsis-allergic rhinitis yog qhov ntswg khaus los ntawm ntau yam tsis ua xua. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj kev fab tshuaj, cov tsos mob yuav zoo li kev ua xua. Hom kab mob rhinitis no tshwm sim vim kev sib cuag nrog cov khaus khaus:

• smoke;
• dust;
• qee yam tshuaj;
• hloov pauv huab cua zoo heev.

mob rhinitis

Tus mob rhinitis tuaj yeem kav ntev li ob peb lub hlis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj othiab qee zaum tsuas yog irritation ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias. Qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob rhinitis no yog:

• tshuaj;
• allergens;
• teeb meem lub cev;

Exacerbation tuaj yeem pib thaum twg los tau ntawm lub xyoo, thiab cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li lub xyoo puag ncig.

Perennial rhinitis

Perennial rhinitis yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj tsis haum. Lawv tuaj yeem yog:

• pincers;
• nceb;
• tsiaj wool.

Cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li cov kab mob rhinitis, tab sis muaj kev kho mob sib txawv, yog li hom no raug cais raws li tus kab mob sib cais.

"Saj" rhinitis

"Saj" rhinitis - tshwm sim raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov zaub mov kub lossis ntsim heev. Lub saj buds yog irritated, tab sis cov tsos mob ploj nyob rau hauv ob peb teev. Feem ntau tshwm sim rau lub sijhawm luv luv thiab tsis tshwm sim ob zaug.

Kev kho mob hypertrophic rhinitis

Kev kho mob rhinitis tshwm sim nrog kev siv tshuaj ntev ntev uas txwv cov hlab ntsha. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas tsis quav ntsej cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj rau tus mob khaub thuas thiab siv lawv ntev dua li lub sijhawm teem tseg.

Hypertrophic rhinitis tshwm sim vim yog hypertrophy ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm qhov ntswg. Qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob no yog ib qho teeb meem metabolic nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntswg mucosa thiab nws qhov kev raug mob tas li. Hom kab mob rhinitis no feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, hauv lub tsev plua plav, lossisraug kev txom nyem los ntawm kab mob plawv, endocrine thiab tsis haum tshuaj.

Atrophic rhinitis

Atrophic rhinitis yog mob ntev thiab tshwm sim vim kev nqus cov plua plav tas mus li, uas ua rau lub qhov ntswg qhov ntswg. Tus neeg mob muaj qhov khov thiab ua tsis taus pa.

Kev faib tawm ntawm rhinitis raws li Piskunov

Qhov kev faib tawm no yog nyob ntawm etiology, cov tsos mob thiab daim duab morphological. Hom kab mob rhinitis tau muab faib ua ob pawg: mob thiab mob ntev.

Kev faib tawm ntawm tus mob rhinitis:

• Taumatic.
• Allergic (seasonal xwb).
• kis mob.

Kev faib tawm ntawm tus mob rhinitis:

• Catarrhal.
• kis mob.
• Txhob (tag nrho lub xyoo).
• Atrophic.
• Vasomotor rhinitis, kev faib tawm uas yog raws li hauv qab no: vasodilatory, hypersecretory, edematous, polypous, tov.

kho mob Rhinitis

Kev kho mob rhinitis yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov chav kawm thiab cov kab mob ntawm cov mob hnyav. Thaum pib ntawm thawj theem ntawm tus kab mob no, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau tshem tawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus kab mob hauv lub epithelium ntawm lub qhov ntswg, nrog rau nws cov replication. Ntawm no, kev ntsuas raug coj los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv hauv zos thiab cov tshuaj siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Antivirals:

1. Recombinant interferons ("Laferon", "Viferon", "Reoferon").
2. YAntiviral immunoglobulins.
3. Natural interferons.
4. Interferon inductors ("Aitksin", "Neovir", "Methylglucamine gel", "Levomax", "Kagocel", "Tiloron").
5. "Rimantadine".
6. Aminocaproic acid cuam tshuam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tus kab mob kis rau lub cev.
7. "Aciclovir" rau inhibition of influenza A.

Txhawm rau cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam thiab cuam tshuam txog kev ntxhov siab, da dej sov, haus dej kub, thiab mustard plasters yog siv rau cov nyuj ntawm ob txhais ceg. Cov kev ntsuas no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws hauv thawj zaug thiab ib nrab ntawm theem tom ntej ntawm tus mob hnyav.

theem ob ntawm rhinitis yuav tsum tau nrog kev kho mob, uas yuav pab txo qhov mob thiab kho qhov ntswg sai. Rau qhov no, kev siv vasoconstrictors tau qhia, uas tshem tawm qhov o ntawm qhov ntswg mucosa thiab rov ua pa. Lawv kuj tiv thaiv sinus stenosis thiab sinusitis los ntawm kev tsim.

Cov tshuaj nquag phenylephrine muaj cov nyhuv vasoconstrictor me ntsis, tsis txo cov ntshav ntws thiab tsis ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob rov qab. Cov tshuaj nrog oxymetazoline muaj cov nyhuv ruaj khov. A2-adrenergic agonists yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntev, uas tau piav qhia los ntawm lawv qhov kev tshem tawm qeeb los ntawm kev txo cov ntshav ntws. Rau kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv, decongestants tau sau rau hauv daim ntawv tshuaj tsuag kom sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj thiab txo nws cov koob tshuaj ntau tshaj.

Tam sim no, cocaine hydrochloride thiab epinephrine hydrochloride tau xyaum tsis siv. Rau kev kho mob ntawm rhinitis ntawm peb theem yog qhiaKev siv tshuaj tua kab mob:

1. "Framicetin" hauv daim ntawv tshuaj tsuag.
2. "Mupiracin" - tshuaj tua kab mob.
3. A tshuaj tsuag qhov ntswg uas yuav muaj phenylephrine hydrochloride, polymexin B thiab dexamethasone.
4. ntxuav cov qhov txhab thiab qhov ntswg nrog saline, uas tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob xws li:

• "Miramistin";
• "Protargol";
• "Chlorhexidine";
• "Octenisept";
• "Ectericide";
• "Decamethoxin";
• "Dioxidine".

Kev mob rhinitis

Rhinitis lossis, yooj yim dua, qhov ntswg qhov ntswg yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob ntau tshaj plaws ntawm tib neeg lub cev ENT. Cov laj thawj ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no muaj ntau haiv neeg, lawv suav nrog ntau yam kev phom sij thiab kev ua xua, thiab nws kuj tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob.

Feem ntau, qhov ntswg qhov ntswg tsis ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau tib neeg lub neej yog tias kho raws sijhawm thiab raug. Tab sis yog tias kev kho mob tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav lossis tsis tau ua tiav, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj, qee tus neeg mob hnyav heev.