Gum cancer: piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob, theem thiab nta ntawm kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Gum cancer: piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob, theem thiab nta ntawm kev kho mob
Gum cancer: piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob, theem thiab nta ntawm kev kho mob

Video: Gum cancer: piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob, theem thiab nta ntawm kev kho mob

Video: Gum cancer: piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob, theem thiab nta ntawm kev kho mob
Video: Here's 4 things dentist do not tell you about dental implants 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Cov qog uas tsim hauv qhov ncauj yog cov txheej txheem malignant. Lawv tuaj yeem nyob tsis yog ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, tab sis kuj ntawm lub puab tsaig.

Definition

Gum cancer yog ib yam kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj ntau tshaj plaws. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis zoo uas nyob hauv cov mucous membranes. Cov pab pawg muaj kev pheej hmoo feem ntau suav nrog cov txiv neej hnub nyoog nruab nrab thiab cov laus, nrog rau cov neeg uas tau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntau yam kab mob hniav yav dhau los.

mob qog noj ntshav
mob qog noj ntshav

Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob, cov txheej txheem pathological tsis zoo pib kis thiab cuam tshuam ntau lub cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Yog tias qhov teeb meem no tau pib, ces metastases yuav tshwm sim yav tom ntej, tom qab ntawd qhov kev tuag nce ntxiv.

Yog vim li cas

Qhov tsos ntawm cov neoplasm tuaj yeem ua rau:

  • muaj cov hniav carious;
  • cov txheej txheem mob;
  • haus thiab haus luam yeeb;
  • kev tsis haum qhov ncauj
  • kev puas tsuaj rau cov hniav.

Cov neeg uas muaj tus nplaig tho txawv kuj raug tus kab mob no heev. Raws li koj paub, qhov kho kom zoo nkauj no feem ntau ua rau raug mob rau lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav,Tom qab ntawd tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau hauv paus thiab kis tau, uas yav tom ntej ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.

Stages

Muaj plaub theem ntawm tus kab mob:

  1. Cov qog nce mus txog qhov loj ntawm 1 cm thiab nyob rau hauv cov mucous txheej.
  2. Lub neoplasm loj hlob mus txog 2 cm ntawm txoj kab uas hla thiab 1 cm hauv qhov tob thiab tsis ncav cuag cov ntaub so ntswg. Muaj 1 metastasis ntawm sab cuam tshuam.
  3. Qhov kev cog lus yog 3 cm. Cov hauv paus hniav tej zaum tseem tsis tau, los yog lawv nyuam qhuav pib sau rau hauv cov qog thiab cov kab mob.
  4. Metastases yog nyob rau hauv cov pob txha ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm kab noj hniav, hauv pob txha taub hau thiab cov hlab ntsha carotid. Lawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov chaw ntawm lub cev xws li lub siab thiab lub ntsws. Nws nyuaj rau kho cov pos hniav nyob rau theem no.
mob qog noj ntshav theem
mob qog noj ntshav theem

Keeb thawj ntawm tus kab mob no tsis ua rau nws tus kheej hnov. Cov qog uas loj hlob thiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, compresses cov hlab ntsha xaus, rhuav tshem kev ua hauj lwm ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov nruab nrog cev thiab ua rau mob uas nyuaj heev rau nyiaj.

Symptoms

Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv ntau txoj kev, yog li nws nyuaj heev rau kev kuaj mob. Tab sis tseem, tus neeg mob nws tus kheej tuaj yeem xav tias muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm neoplasm yog tias nws ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Lub ntsiab cim ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav yog o ntawm cov pos hniav, uas yog tas li nce. Txhua yam los txog rau qhov chaw uas cuam tshuam loj txaus thiab pib nyem cov hniav uas nyob ib sab, uas ua rau muaj kev tsis xis nyob, uas feem ntau mus ntsib kws kho mob.

Ntxiv mus, ib lub foob tshwm nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, uas pigmentation tau hloov. Feem ntau qhov chaw no yog ib puag ncig los ntawm qhov mob me me lossis tawg. Koj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov ntshav yog tias koj me ntsis kov lub epicenter. Cov pos hniav ua mob. Thaum xub thawj, cov kev xav no yog nyob hauv zos, tab sis tom qab ib pliag nws nyuaj rau tus neeg mob qhib nws lub qhov ncauj.

mob qog noj ntshav thaum ntxov
mob qog noj ntshav thaum ntxov

Pom tau, cov qog no tuaj yeem piav qhia tias yog liab neoplasm nrog dawb foci nyob rau ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm kab noj hniav. Tus kab mob no feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog leukoplaxia, erythroplaxia, rwj lossis gingivitis, tab sis qee cov cim qhia (hloov ntau dhau ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha) tuaj yeem paub meej tias qhov no yog mob qog noj ntshav. Cov tsos mob tau piav saum toj no muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txawm tias tus neeg mob tsis txaus ntseeg, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj tus kheej thiab tsis tu ncua mus kuaj mob.

Diagnosis

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus kab mob, nws yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho hniav txhua rau lub hlis. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov mucosa ntawm nws tus kheej, thiab yog tias pom muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, qhia tam sim rau cov kws tshaj lij.

Yog tus kws kho mob xav tias muaj qog, nws pom zoo:

  • mus ntsib tus kws kho mob oncologist;
  • undergo kev kuaj cytological, uas tshawb nrhiav cov hlwb atypical;
  • ua ib qho kev kuaj ntshav txhawm rau txiav txim siab hom kab mob;
  • thaij x-ray uas yuav lees paub lossis tsis lees paub qhov muaj cov metastases hauv lub puab tsaig sab.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov pos hniav
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov pos hniav

Gum cancer yog qhov nyuaj rau paub, yog li cov kev tshawb fawb saum toj noyuav pab tau qhov no, thiab qhia ntxiv txog kev kho mob, uas tsuas yog kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv daim teb no.

Leej twg mob tshaj?

Qhov teeb meem no cuam tshuam rau cov neeg haus cawv thiab muaj teeb meem ntev ntawm cov pos hniav lossis hniav. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev saib xyuas kev tu cev tsis raug cai lossis kev tu cev tsis zoo, tsis muaj cov hniav lossis cov khoom siv tsis zoo uas ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo. Cov pos hniav feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb, cov nplooj chewers, thiab cov uas muaj qhov ncauj qhov ntswg. Qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg muaj kab mob papillomavirus thiab herpes, nrog rau cov neeg nyiam noj zaub mov kub thiab ntsim heev.

Shapes

Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm mucosa hauv peb hom:

  • Cov kab mob qog noj ntshav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhov txhab uas muaj jagged npoo thiab los ntshav thaum sib cuag nrog txhuam hniav los yog thaum nias.
  • Papillary - cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tshwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tubercles.
  • Infiltrative - txheej txheem nkag mus tob, tsis muaj ciam teb, qhov mob hnyav tshwm sim txawm tias so.
kho cov pos hniav
kho cov pos hniav

Txhua daim ntawv no yog qhov txaus ntshai, vim qhov teeb meem twb muaj lawm, thiab nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los nrhiav kev pab kho mob thawj theem.

Kev kho mob

mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov pos hniav, uas nyuaj kho, raug tshem tawm hauv peb theem:

  • phais;
  • radiotherapy;
  • chemotherapy.

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov kws kho mob txiav tawm tus neeg mob lub qog thiab cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob ib puag ncig nws(cov leeg, leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha). Cov khoom tshem tawm raug xa mus rau kev kuaj sim. Lawv tuaj yeem qhia tau tias muaj kev vam meej npaum li cas thiab tus kab mob tau mus deb npaum li cas. Yog hais tias neoplasm tau kis thoob plaws lub puab tsaig, ces cov kws phais tshem tawm daim duab peb sab submandibular.

Kev kho hluav taws xob tuaj yeem muab ua ntej lossis tom qab kev phais. Hauv thawj qhov sib txawv, ob qho tib si nyob ib puag ncig cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov qog nws tus kheej raug hluav taws xob, thiab hauv qhov thib ob, thaj chaw uas cov neoplasm nyob. Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem zoo li no tau raug sau tseg raws li kev tiv thaiv kev rov qab los ntawm tus kab mob, vim tias nws ua tau.

Tshuaj khomob feem ntau yog sau rau cov neeg mob uas tshem cov pos hniav tsis yooj yim sua, vim tias muaj contraindications rau kev phais. Muaj tsawg zaus, nws yog siv los ua ib qho ntxiv rau kev kho hluav taws xob los txhim kho cov nyhuv.

cov cim qhia ntawm cov pos hniav
cov cim qhia ntawm cov pos hniav

Thaum lub sijhawm kho mob no, cov kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj (hauv kev txhaj tshuaj lossis tshuaj ntsiav) uas zoo inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb tsis zoo, thiab tseem tua ib feem me me ntawm lawv. Cov no suav nrog cov tshuaj hauv qab no:platinum;

  • anthracyclines;
  • epipodophyllotoxins;
  • vinca alkaloids.

Thaum lub sijhawm kho, tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj tua kab mob rau tus neeg mob, vim tias nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no txo qis, uas qhib kev nkag mus rau ntau yam kab mob thiab kis kab mob. Txhawm rau pab txhawb lub cev hauv kev npaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txiaj ntsig microelements thiab cov vitamins raug sau tseg. Lub sijhawm no, nws raug nquahu kom ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj cov zaub mov thiab sivTsuas yog cov zaub mov noj qab haus huv uas tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv tus kab mob.

Classic txoj kev kho mob tau pom zoo kom ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj. Ntau yam kev zaws, acupuncture, nrog rau kev yaug thiab compresses raws li cov tshuaj ntsuab zoo txhim kho qhov ncauj thiab ntxiv dag zog rau tag nrho lub cev.

Zoo li lwm yam mob qog noj ntshav, cov pos hniav tuaj yeem rov tshwm sim. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob rov qab mob dua, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab pub ntshav rau cov qog nqaij hlav 5 lub hlis tom qab kev kho mob, thiab qee zaum txawm tias ntxov dua. Nws nyob ntawm qhov degree ntawm tus kab mob.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Yuav kom txo qis feem pua ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, nws yuav tsum ua cov txheej txheem yooj yim hauv qab no:

  • Nyob zoo thiab saib xyuas qhov ncauj;
  • ua tib zoo mloog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev noj zaub mov, nrog rau cov khoom sib xyaw thiab lawv cov khoom;
  • tshem tawm cov cwj pwm phem thiab ua haujlwm nrog cov pa phem;
  • ua raws cov lus qhia kho mob thaum kho cov teeb meem hniav;
  • siv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav zoo thiab yaug.
  • tshem cov pos hniav
    tshem cov pos hniav

Yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob 2 zaug hauv ib xyoos, leej twg yuav tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov mob ntawm kab noj hniav thiab qhia txog cov txheej txheem tsim nyog los tswj kev noj qab haus huv.

Huab cua

Kev muaj peev xwm kho tau tus mob nyob ntawm theem uas tus kab mob nyob. Txawm hais tias cov tsos mob ntawm cov pos hniav tau kuaj pom thaum pib, tsis yog txhua tus neeg mob tam sim ntawd nrhiav kev kho mob.pab, thiab qhov no yog lawv qhov yuam kev loj. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tseeb tias txhua qhov kev xav tsis zoo yog feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm kev kho hniav. Tom qab lawv tshem tawm, txoj kev tseem qhib thiab kev kis kab mob tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov, uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav sai.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev tuag tsawg heev. Raws li kev txheeb cais qhia, qhov nruab nrab rau 5-6 xyoo lawv muaj sia nyob:

  • ntawm theem 1-2 80%;
  • los ntawm 3 - txog 40%;
  • los ntawm 4 - mus txog 15%.

Yog tias koj npaj kho kom raug, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav kev zam txim ntau dua 30% ntawm tus neeg mob.

Pom zoo: