Osmotic diarrhea yog ib qho kab mob hauv plab hnyuv, uas yog nrog los ntawm kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov plab hnyuv siab raum thiab kev hloov pauv hauv cov qauv ntawm cov quav. Hom osmotic txawv ntawm lwm yam nyob rau hauv uas nws yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug mus tas li kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub plab zom mov.
Ntau yam raws plab
Hauv kev kho mob, muaj plaub hom kab mob raws plab:
- Secretory raws plab.
- Osmotic.
- Mixed.
- Nyob.
Nrog kev nkag siab txog keeb kwm thiab kab mob ntawm txoj hnyuv, nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau ntawm osmotic hom raws plab thiab tshem tawm nws, es tsis kho cov tsos mob yam tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.
Kev mob raws plab yog nrog los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau txoj hnyuv los ntawm cov kab mob kab mob. Tib lub sijhawm, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ploj tom qab noj tshuaj tua kab mob.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob zais zis yog vim muaj tshuaj lom hauv lub cev los ntawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov kab mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev kho mob muaj nyob rau hauv replenishing qhov nyiaj tshuav ntawm electrolytes thiab influencing lub causative tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm pathology.
Xav txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm osmotic raws plab. Nws yog tus cwj pwm tsis tu ncua hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov, nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem digestive thiab peristalsis ntawm txoj hnyuv. Txoj hnyuv tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm, uas ua rau cov dej thiab sodium ntau ntxiv hauv nws, uas ua rau cov quav nyias nyias thiab ua rau cov mucous membranes. Heev feem ntau, cov tsos mob ntawm osmotic raws plab tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm ntau yam pathological txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub digestive system, xws li cov kab mob ntawm cov hnyuv, gallbladder, pancreas nyob rau hauv ib tug ntev daim ntawv.
Yog vim li cas
Muaj ob peb yam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov pib ntawm osmotic raws plab. Feem ntau, nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob ntawm lub cev, piv txwv li, nrog enterovirus lossis rotavirus. Txawm li cas los xij, raws plab kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm lwm yam mob:
1. Mob pancreatitis feem ntau ua rau cov quav tsis haum. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub sij hawm constipation yog hloov los ntawm tsis muaj tsawg lub sij hawm raws plab. Osmotic hom mob raws plab yog ib qho tsos mob ntawm tus mob pancreatitis thiab tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis muaj enzymes thiab cov kua tsib acids. Noj cov zaub mov tsis zoo digested thiab sai sai nkag mus rau hauv cov hnyuv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm coarse fibers. kev tsis txauspancreatic enzymes kuj tau pom nyob rau hauv cov kab mob oncological ntawm pancreas thiab gallbladder, nrog rau obstructive jaundice.
2. Lwm qhov ua rau mob plab osmotic yog cov kab mob fermentopathy. Cov menyuam yaus feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov khoom noj tsis haum xws li lactose thiab gluten. Xws li pathologies yog nrog los ntawm colic, ntxhov siab vim, mob hauv plab thiab quav quav. Kev kuaj mob feem ntau tsis nyuaj. Disaccharide deficiency tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm lactose thiab sucrose. Yog tsis muaj disaccharides, cov tshuaj no tsis absorbed los ntawm cov hnyuv. Carbohydrates uas tsis tau digested yog tawm los ntawm txoj hnyuv loj thiab ua rau osmotic raws plab.
3. Lwm hom fermentopathy yog hypolactasia. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, raws plab tshwm sim tom qab siv cov qaub-mis nyuj thiab cov khoom siv mis nyuj. Tom qab ob peb teev, tus neeg mob pib xav tias flatulence, rumbling, mob. Fecal masses ua kua, voluminous thiab foamy. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no yog qhov txaus ntshai nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim cov dej-electrolyte imbalance. Tib txoj kev los kho hypolactasia yog ua raws li kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb.
4. Lwm qhov ua rau mob raws plab yog kev phais ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho ntawm cov hnyuv, piv txwv li, anastomoses lossis resections. Tom qab xws li kev cuam tshuam, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm osmosis cuam tshuam yog siab. Qhov no yog vim lub shortening ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm cov digested khoom thiab cov hnyuv phab ntsa uas tau undergone resection. Cov zaub mov tsis muaj sijhawm txaustag nrho assimilate. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, polyfecal syndrome tshwm sim, thaum cov zaub mov seem tau tawm nrog cov quav uas tsis muaj sij hawm los zom.
5. Kev siv cov tshuaj laxative mus sij hawm ntev dhau ntawm cov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob.
Symptoms
Osmotic raws plab yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- Cov quav tso zis ntau ntxiv thiab mus saib chav dej ntau zaus.
- mob plab hnyuv loj.
- Kev tsis xis nyob cuam tshuam nrog tsam plab.
- Liquefaction ntawm quav, lawv cov ntsiab lus dej. Nrog rau cov kab mob pathology tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob lesion, cov khoom zais cia tau txais cov xim ntsuab.
- Lub cev kub nce siab raws li lub cev teb rau qhov kev txhawb nqa.
- Lub cev qhuav dej vim mob raws plab ntev nrog nqhis dej, tawv nqaij qhuav thiab cov mucous.
Yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob osmotic tsis ploj mus ntev, thiab tus neeg mob mob hnyav, yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Diagnosis
Thaum thawj theem ntawm kev kuaj mob ntawm tus neeg mob, tus kws kho mob ua lub cev kuaj mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ncauj lus ntxaws ntxaws tau sau nrog kev qhia meej ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov quav thiab kev tshuaj xyuas proctological tau ua. Yog tias muaj cov ntshav tsis huv hauv cov quav, nrog rau thaum kuaj pom qhov quav fistula, fistula lossis paraproctitis, peb tuaj yeem tham txog tus kab mob Crohn.
Kev tshuaj xyuas microscopic qhia pom muaj cov kab mob mast, protozoa thiab qeworms nyob rau hauv cov quav cov ntsiab lus. Thaum ua sigmoidoscopy, nws tuaj yeem kuaj mob plab, mob plab lossis pseudomembranous colitis. Laboratory diagnostic txoj kev yog raws li macroscopic thiab microscopic kuaj ntawm ib tug fecal qauv.
Yog qhov kev kuaj pom tsis muaj qhov mob, nws tuaj yeem xaus lus tias raws plab yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm malabsorption. Mob raws plab tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm enteroviruses, yog li kuaj ntshav kom pom cov kab mob no tau ua tiav.
Thaum kuaj mob osmotic raws plab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub seb puas muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov tsos mob no thiab kab mob sib kis los yog mob. Rau lub hom phiaj no, ntau yam kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov quav yog nqa tawm, suav nrog bacteriological, microscopic thiab sigmoidoscopy. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov mob raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob raws plab, tus txheej txheem pathogenetic tau txiav txim siab. Qee qhov xwm txheej, txhawm rau kuaj xyuas kom raug, kev noj zaub mov noj tau raug sau tseg rau qee lub sijhawm.
Kev kho mob plab osmotic
Kev kho tus kab mob muaj ob txoj kev qhia: kev tshem tawm cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm qhov ua rau pathology. Thaum pib, tus neeg mob tau rov ua dej dua. Yog tias tus neeg mob tus mob tsis yog tus cwj pwm hnyav, nws muaj peev xwm tsim kom muaj kev haus dej haus cawv, yog li them nyiaj rau qhov poob. Rehydration feem ntau haus dej me me txhua 10-15 feeb. Hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas hauv tsev kho mob.nyob. Nyob ntawd, tus neeg mob yuav tau muab cov tshuaj tso nrog qabzib, saline thiab Ringer cov tshuaj.
Tshuaj tua kab mob
Tom qab tshem tawm lub cev qhuav dej, tshuaj tua kab mob raug muab. Thaum kuaj pom muaj kab mob hauv plab, Bactrim, Biseptol thiab lwm yam tshuaj los ntawm pab pawg sulfonamide raug tshuaj. Lwm cov tshuaj nrov rau kev kho mob plab hnyuv kab mob yog Nifuroxazide. Cov tshuaj no yog ib tug antimicrobial neeg sawv cev uas muaj ib tug antiseptic nyhuv. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob yog qhov inhibition tsis tsuas yog pathogenic microflora, tab sis kuj muaj cov kab mob noj qab haus huv hauv cov hnyuv.
YProbiotics
Ntawm keeb kwm ntawm kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob lossis tom qab nws ua tiav, cov tshuaj probiotics kuj tau sau tseg. Cov tshuaj no kho qhov sib npaug ntawm cov hnyuv microflora thiab pab txhawb rau nws txoj haujlwm zoo. Cov tshuaj no muaj xws li Linex, Acipol, Biogaya, Enterogermina, Lactofiltrum, thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj no yuav pab kom tsis txhob mob raws plab los ntawm kev noj tshuaj tua kab mob, thaum tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub cev.
Tshuaj kom txo qis peristalsis
Nyob rau yav tom ntej, kev kho mob pib, uas muaj kev noj tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub plab zom mov qeeb. Cov tshuaj feem ntau tau sau tseg rau osmotic raws plab yog:
1. "Loperamide". Peristalsis qeeb qeeb vim yog kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj mus rau receptors ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab inhibition ntawm kev tsim cov acetylcholine. Cov tshuaj yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm capsules rau kev tswj qhov ncauj. Feem ntau cov kws kho mob tau sau tseg yog noj ib ntsiav tshuaj tom qab txhua lub plab zom mov. Ib qho analogue nrov heev ntawm Loperamide yog Imodium.
2. Codeine Phosphate. Nws raug sau tseg rau kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam mob xws li hnoos, mob thiab raws plab. Cov tshuaj yog noj nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm luv luv thiab me me npaum li cas. Txoj kev kho mob rau Codeine Phosphate yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob.
noj qab nyob zoo
Tsis muaj ib txoj kev kho mob uas tau npaj tseg yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum muaj cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob osmotic, tshwj tsis yog tus neeg mob pib ua raws li kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ib qho kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo uas yuav pab rov qab ua haujlwm ntawm cov hnyuv thiab plab.
Recommendations
Thaum kos cov khoom noj kom raug, cov lus pom zoo hauv qab no yuav tsum xav txog:
- Nqaij qaib yuav tsum yog neeg tsis noj nqaij.
- Cereals yuav tsum tau boiled hauv dej.
- Crackers yuav tsum tau siv cov khob cij.
- Tshuaj yej yuav tsum haus yam tsis ntxiv qab zib.
- Koj tuaj yeem noj txiv apples.
- Nqaij tsuas yog muaj ntau hom roj tsawg thiab txwv nruj.
Ua raws li kev noj haus rau ob peb lub lis piam, txawm tias tom qab lub plab zom mov rov zoo tag nrho.
Cov Teeb Meem thiab qhov tshwm sim
Yog tias koj tsis siv sijhawm sijhawm los kho tus mob plab osmotic, cov teeb meem hauv qab no tuaj yeem tshwm sim:
- me me, nruab nrab thiab lub cev qhuav dej hnyav. Tus mob no yog xam raws li feem pua ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob. Hauv thawj theem ntawm lub cev qhuav dej, lub cev poob qis yog kwv yees li peb feem pua, hauv qhov thib ob nws nce mus txog 4-6 feem pua, thiab nyob rau hauv thib peb nws yog ntau tshaj li xya feem pua. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov poob ntawm cov kua dej thiab cov electrolytes tseem ceeb tuaj yeem ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub raum tsis ua haujlwm thiab lwm yam pathologies ntawm cov kabmob no.
- Septic lossis hypovolemic shock.
- YMetabolic acidosis.
- Hypokalemia.
- Nyob raws plab.
- Convulsive syndrome, nrog los ntawm kev tsis nco qab thiab poob rau hauv coma.
- plab hnyuv.
Txhawm rau zam qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm cov kab mob osmotic, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob raws sijhawm thiab ua tiav cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov ua rau pathology.
