"Elkar" yog kev npaj kho mob siv los ntawm lub cev kom ruaj khov thiab kho cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv lub cev. Cov tshuaj nquag hauv kev npaj yog hu ua levocarnitine thiab pom muaj nyob hauv cov nqaij, nqaij qaib, ntses, nrog rau hauv cov khoom noj siv mis xws li tsev cheese thiab cheese.
History of Creation
Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov kws tshawb fawb V. S. Gulevich thiab R. P. Krinberg tau txais cov tshuaj hu ua levocarnitine los ntawm cov leeg nqaij, hu ua vitamin BT. Cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm inorganic levocarnitine los ntawm cov khoom siv organic coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv sixties ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Ib me ntsis tom qab, nws qhov tseem ceeb tau raug soj ntsuam rau kev hloov cov kua qaub los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau mitochondria los ntawm lawv cov ntaub so ntswg. Niaj hnub no nws paub tseeb tias levocarnitine tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov vitamins B, tab sis tsuas yog cov khoom muaj feem xyuam.
Human impact
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj tshuaj yog tus neeg mob cov mob ntev, uas yog nrog kev txo qis hauv qab los noj mov,txo qis hauv lub cev hnyav, thiab, vim li ntawd, qaug zog. Tab sis qhov ntau ntawm kev siv tshuaj muaj ntau dua li tsuas yog kho cov metabolism hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus.
Tsis pub dhau 3 teev tom qab noj tshuaj, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm levocarnitine hauv lub cev tshwm sim. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kev tshuaj xyuas luam tawm ntawm "Elkar" yog cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov txiaj ntsig kho tau tiav thaum cov tshuaj tau muab faib rau hauv nruab nrog cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Thaum noj cov tshuaj, muaj ob qho tib si cov nyhuv anabolic, ua rau muaj kev nce hauv cov leeg nqaij, thiab cov nyhuv lipolytic, ua rau hlawv thiab hloov pauv ntawm ib feem ntawm cov rog.
Cov tshuaj no yog siv los kho cov tshuaj metabolic hauv lub cev. Cov neeg mob nco txog kev txhim kho hauv cov metabolism thiab txo qis hauv cov rog los ntawm kev siv Elkar. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov neeg siv tshuaj thaum noj zaub mov lossis kev tawm dag zog hais txog kev kov yeej qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov hnyav dhau. tee pab nqus cov khoom tsim nyog, nrog rau kov yeej lub cev hnyav.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj cov kab mob thyroid kuj tseem muab cov lus teb zoo rau Elkar ua cov tshuaj uas txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov thyroid hormones. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg uas noj cov tshuaj pom tau tias muaj kev txhim kho hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlwb hlwb.
Ib daim ntawv
Nyob ntawm hom ntawv thov, cov tshuaj tau tsim hauv cov kev daws teeb meem:
- Kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular thiab intravenous - nyob rau hauv ib qho ampoule uas muaj cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb ntawm 100 mg.
- Kev siv qhov ncauj:20% muaj 200mg thiab 30% muaj 300mg ntawm levocarnitine.
Ua ke nrog cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb, 1 ml ntawm Elkar muaj citric acid monohydrate, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, propyl parahydroxybenzoate thiab dej huv.
Feem ntau cov tshuaj tsis muaj xim lossis xim xim. Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv thiab tshuaj xyuas, "Elkar" tej zaum yuav muaj ntxhiab tsw.
Rau qhov ncauj siv, cov tshuaj yog tsim nyob rau hauv opaque iav fwj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntim:
- nrog 25ml dropper dispenser;
- nrog 50ml ntsuas diav;
- nrog 100ml ntsuas khob.
Kev txhaj tshuaj, cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv 5 ml ampoules hauv ib lub thawv ntawv:
- hauv hlwv - 5 daim;
- hauv 2 pob pob pob - 10 daim;
- hauv 10 pob pob - 50 daim.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Kev siv tshuaj yog ua nruj me ntsis raws li cov lus qhia. Kev tshuaj xyuas rau "Elkar" ua ib feem ntawm txoj kev kho nyuaj yog qhov zoo nyob rau hauv rooj plaub:
- pab nrog pancreatitis thiab gastritis;
- kho mob anorexia;
- cov teeb meem thyroid vim hyperthyroidism;
- kho cov kab mob neurological tom qab mob hlwb;
- kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha thiab lawv cov tshuaj lom puas tsuaj;
- daim ntawv thov tom qab kev phais thiab kev cuam tshuam kev phais;
- nce peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg kom rov tsim dua;
- kho mob dermatological;
- stabilizing lub cev tom qab psycho-kev ntxhov siab;
- tejzaum nws yooj yim rau kev nkag siab ntawm kev ua lub cev;
- tsim cov leeg nqaij tom qab kev puas tsuaj;
- kom txhob qaug zog;
- qhov xav tau kom nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm levocarnitine hauv lub cev;
- cov teeb meem tshwm sim vim yog mitochondrial deficiency;
- siv hauv kev ua kis las thaum lub sijhawm kev cob qhia hnyav;
- kev ua si cov leeg nqaij thiab rog poob;
- qhov xav tau los muab kev nrawm thiab kev sib koom tes rau tib neeg kev txav.
Siv thaum cev xeeb tub
Kev siv tshuaj los ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tau pom zoo nrog tus kws kho mob. Kev teem sijhawm ntawm cov tshuaj yog ua tau nrog kev sib piv ntawm kev pheej hmoo rau niam thiab menyuam. Yog tias qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam ntawm tus poj niam tau qhia tias muaj kev hem thawj ntawm kev nchuav menyuam lossis kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab los ntawm qhov tsis muaj oxygen, tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv Elkar. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej cuam tshuam txog kev tsim nyog ntawm gynecologist. Kev sau tshuaj tsis tsim nyog yog tsis pom zoo vim tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb txog kev nyab xeeb.
Siv thaum yau
Cov tshuaj siv tau los kho ob tus niam laus thiab menyuam mos. Nws raug nquahu kom siv nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv "Elkar" rau cov menyuam yaus. Kev tshuaj xyuas rau cov tshuaj muajKev ua tau zoo nrog cov tsos mob hauv qab no hauv tus menyuam:
- prematurity;
- oxygen deficiency thaum nyob hauv plab;
- asphyxia tau txais thaum yug menyuam;
- kev raug mob yug me nyuam;
- lub teeb yuag;
- tsis hnyav nce hauv thawj lub limtiam ntawm lub neej;
- pob cev nqaij tawv;
- txo qis ntawm kev ua lub cev;
- teeb meem dermatological;
- ua ntej thiab tom qab phais.
Nrog rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm levocarnitine hauv lub cev, tus menyuam mos liab poob qab hauv kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, nws tsis muaj qab los noj mov, qaug zog thiab qaug zog. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom siv 20% kev daws teeb meem. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau dilute cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov, compote los yog kua txiv, ntxiv rau cov cai haus cawv los ntawm tus me nyuam, ze li ntawm 200 milliliters.
Raws li cov lus qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas, "Elkar" hauv cov menyuam yaus ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab. Yog li ntawd, cov kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj yog nqa tawm ntev ua ntej yuav mus pw, feem ntau nyob rau hauv ib chav kawm txog li 6 lub lis piam. Kev siv tshuaj rov qab tuaj yeem ua tau nrog lub sijhawm rau lub hlis.
Nrog ceev faj, cov tshuaj tau muab rau cov menyuam yug tshiab. Cov lus teb rau Elkar nyob rau hauv ib qho kev coj tsis zoo yog feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov tshuaj thaum lub sijhawm tsis raug, tom qab ntawd tus menyuam muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab ua haujlwm dhau los, nws tsis tuaj yeem ntsiag to thiab pw tsaug zog. Cov niam tsuas yog hloov lub sijhawm noj tshuaj xwb, qhov teeb meem tam sim ntawd ploj mus.
Cov kws kho mob muab lawv cov lus qhia txog kev siv tshuaj. Yog li ntawd,Qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm O. E. Komarovsky's "Elkar" tau hais los ntawm nws hauv TV program. Raws li ib feem ntawm kev sib tham txog kev noj zaub mov zoo rau menyuam yaus, tus kws kho mob paub zoo hais txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj nrog kev ua xyem xyav. Nws sau txog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov tshuaj, tab sis xav tias nws tsis tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob loj hauv cov menyuam yaus nrog Elcar. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm Komarovsky O. E. nyob rau hauv xovxwm yog nrog los ntawm ironic hais txog cov tshuaj. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus pom yog tias cov tshuaj no yog tsim los ntawm kev tshaj tawm thiab tsuas yog ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov niam txiv tsis txaus siab rau "kho" tus menyuam. Muab nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, Elkar yuav tsis coj ib qho txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb lossis raug mob. Tab sis nws muaj peev xwm ntxiv dag zog rau me nyuam txoj kev tiv thaiv.
Niam cov me nyuam uas noj tshuaj hauv kev xyaum muab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo. "Elkar" nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus ntawm thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej ua rau muaj kev nce hauv qab los noj mov thiab kev txhim kho ntawm qhov nqus reflex. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov me nyuam ntxov ntxov thaum pib ntawm kev loj hlob.
Txoj kev thiab nta ntawm daim ntawv thov
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv tshuaj yog qhov ntau npaum li cas los ntawm tus kws kho mob tuaj koom. Cov kws kho mob feem ntau suav cov koob tshuaj raws li hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob:
- Cov menyuam mos yug tshiab tau pom zoo kom noj 4 mus rau 10 tee ntawm 20% tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj diluted hauv 5% qabzib tov ob zaug ib hnub.
- Cov menyuam mos los ntawm lub hlis thib ob ntawm lub neej raug pom zoo kom noj 10 tee ntawm 20% tshuaj 3 zaug hauv ib hnub.
- Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 txog 6 xyoos raug pom zoo 10 mus rau 16 tee ntawm 20% tshuaj ib hnub (raug faib ua 3 koob).
- Cov me nyuam nrog7 xyoo ntawm lub neej teem ib 30% tov ntawm 12 mus rau 16 tee 3 zaug ib hnub twg.
- Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 12 xyoos raug pom zoo 30% tshuaj ntawm 13 mus rau 20 tee peb zaug ib hnub.
- Rau cov neeg laus, cov tshuaj yog xam raws li lub cev hnyav. Tus naj npawb ntawm kilograms yog hloov mus rau hauv tee hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 1. Noj cov tshuaj, faib cov nyiaj tau txais ua 2 lossis 3 koob.
Kev siv cov tshuaj hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas uas muaj kev mob hnyav heev, txhawm rau ua kom lub cev hnyav, muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab cov lus pom zoo. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv "Elkar" nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tso cai rau noj cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus noj nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tug kws kho mob.
Yog tias cov tshuaj los ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm glucocorticoids tau noj ua ke, tom qab ntawd qhov sib xyaw ntawm levocarnitine hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev tau txhawb nqa. Cov tshuaj anabolic kuj ua rau cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj.
Yog tias muaj kab mob pancreas, cov tshuaj tau pom zoo kom siv ib txhij nrog cov enzymes. Contraindication rau kev siv yog intolerance rau ib yam ntawm cov tshuaj.
Kev txhaj tshuaj
Cov tshuaj, tsim nyob rau hauv ampoules, yog siv intramuscularly thiab intravenously.
Rau kev siv cov tshuaj tso dej, Elkar ampoule yuav tsum tau diluted hauv saline, nqa lub ntim rau 200 milliliters. Qee zaum, nws raug tso cai siv 10 ml peb zaug txhua 24 teev, thiab tom qab ntawd ib ampoule ib hnub rau 7 hnub. Ib chav kawm thib ob tuaj yeem ua tau nrog lub sijhawm 2-3 lub lis piam.
Lub dav hlau tso dej "Elkar" yog siv rau carnitine deficiency, uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej thib ob.
Ntawm no, qhov ntau npaum li cas txawv ntawm 2 ampoules rau 5 hnub, mus txog 4 ampoules ib zaug, yog tias tsim nyog, txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Thaum siv intramuscularly, koob tshuaj kuj tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 1 mus rau 2 ampoules, nyob ntawm seb cov tsos mob thiab cov tshuaj ntawm tus kws kho mob tuaj koom.
Side effects
Feem ntau, Elkar tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov neeg mob. Qee zaum cov xwm txheej xws li kev ua xua, myasthenia gravis, daim tawv nqaij ua pob khaus, xeev siab thiab raws plab tuaj yeem pom. Yog tias koj muaj kev tsis xis nyob, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj. Cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem muab tshuaj tsw qab thiab nco ntsoov sab laj nrog lawv tus kws kho mob.
Nrog rau kev siv cov glucocorticoids sib xyaw, qhov sib xyaw ntawm levocarnitine hauv cov ntaub so ntswg (tshwj tsis yog lub siab) tau txhawb nqa. Cov tshuaj Anabolic txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm Elcar.
Analogues
Muaj ntau tus tsim cov analogues, muab faib ua ob hom:
- Kev npaj uas muaj tib yam khoom xyaw levocarnitine xws li hauv Elkar: Glutamic acid, Levocarnil, L-carnitine.
- Cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws rau lub cev thiab raug tshuaj rau tib yam tsos mob: Inotin, Mildronate, Neurolipon.
Ib qho ntawm cov nqi pheej yig tshaj plaws uas yog thawj pab pawg yog "Glutamic acid". Ntawm tus nqi nyiaj, nws muaj 250 mg ntawm levocarnitine hauv ib ntsiav tshuaj. Yog li, qhov ntau npaum li cas tau sau tseg hauv feem ntau500mg muaj nyob rau hauv 2 ntsiav tshuaj uas yooj yim nqa mus ncig.
Lwm qhov analogue uas muaj 200 mg ntawm cov tshuaj nquag hauv 1 ml ntawm kev daws yog "L-carnitine", uas muaj ntau hom kev tso tawm. Ua ib qho khoom siv pheej yig, nws yog siv ntau dua rau kev noj zaub mov noj.
Cov tshuaj hauv tsev nyiam muab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo rau cov analogue ntawm "Elkar" - cov tshuaj "Levocarnil". Qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb yog tib yam, tab sis muaj ntau qhov zoo:
- tso tawm cov tshuaj yog nqa tawm hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, uas txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem nqa tau yooj yim nrog koj ntawm txoj kev lossis mus ua haujlwm;
- qab zoo - muaj cov lus qhia ntawm citrus.
Cov tshuaj sensational "Mildronate", uas yog nyob rau hauv pab pawg thib ob, tam sim no tau muab tshuaj los ntawm cov tshuaj, vim nws muaj meldonium. Cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws nrog levocarnitine tso cai rau nws los tshuaj rau kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab lub cev overloads.
"Inotine" yog tus pab cuam hauv kab mob hauv lub plawv, siv los kho cov metabolism hauv lub plawv cov leeg thiab txhim kho cov ntshav ncig, thiab tseem pom zoo rau cov teeb meem endocrine.
"Neurolipon" tau muab tshuaj rau lub siab ua haujlwm, txhim kho nws cov txheej txheem metabolic, kho cawv thiab mob ntshav qab zib polyneuropathy. Cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb, thioctic acid, koom nrog hauv mitochondrial metabolism txhawm rau tsim kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub cev ntawm qib cellular.
Siv kom poob phaus
Levocarnitine yog siv dav hauv ntau yamkev noj zaub mov zoo thiab pab tiv thaiv qhov hnyav tshaj, thiab yog li tau txais ntau cov lus pom zoo. "Elkar" rau poob phaus yog noj ib nrab ib teev ua ntej noj mov ob peb zaug ib hnub twg. Txhawm rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau do cov tshuaj nrog dej ua ntej siv. Qhov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog los ntawm 1 mus rau 2 teaspoons. Kev nkag mus kawm yog ib hlis.
Cov poj niam uas noj tshuaj kom poob phaus ntxiv nco ntsoov qhov xav tau kev tawm dag zog lub cev. Cov tshuaj nquag ua haujlwm ntawm kev zom cov rog, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob raug tso cai nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom raug lawv tshem tawm ntawm lub cev. Qhov zoo ntawm cov zaub mov nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tsis yog nyob ntawm tus txais tos ntawm Elkar. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob txog cov tshuaj tau lees paub tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov metabolism, thiab, vim li ntawd, ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob.
Yog li, kev siv tshuaj "Elkar" txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom cov txheej txheem metabolic tau tso cai tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
