Epilepsy yog ib yam kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb ntawm qhov xwm txheej, uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv qhov kev xav ntawm tib neeg lub cev mus rau qhov kev loj hlob sai ntawm convulsive qaug dab peg. Lub pathogenesis ntawm tus mob no yog raws li paroxysmal tso tawm nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb hlwb.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
mob vwm yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev qaug dab peg lossis cuam tshuam ntawm kev nco qab (somnambulism, twilight, trances). Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kab mob no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm tus cwj pwm maj mam thiab qaug dab peg dementia. Qee lub sij hawm xws li tus kab mob provokes cov tsos ntawm psychoses uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug mob los yog ntev daim ntawv. Lawv tuaj yeem nrog cov kev cuam tshuam zoo li no, piv txwv li, ntshai, aggressiveness, melancholy, siab ecstatic mus ob peb vas, delirium, hallucinations.
Yog tias kev txhim kho ntawm qaug dab peg yog vim muaj kev mob ntshav qab zib, ces lawv hais txog cov tsos mob vwm.
Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob, thiaj li hu ua lub cev nqaij daim tawv lobe epilepsy feem ntau ntsib. Lub convulsive tsom nyob rau hauv tus mob no yog localizedtsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub siab lub ntsws ntawm lub hlwb.
Yuav mob qaug dab peg puas kho tau? Epileptologists thiab neurologists koom nrog hauv kev kuaj mob thiab kho tus kab mob no. Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho xws li pathology. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob peb yam tshuaj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov mob neuropathic thiab txhim kho tus neeg mob lub neej zoo. Ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj no yog "Katena" (300 mg). Cov lus qhia, tshuaj xyuas, analogues thiab lwm yam ntawm cov cuab yeej no tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no.
Kev sib sau, ntim thiab tso tawm daim ntawv
Cov tshuaj "Katena" yuav muag li cas? Kev tshuaj xyuas cov neeg mob tau tshaj tawm tias cov tshuaj no muaj nyob hauv cov khw muag tshuaj tsuas yog hauv daim ntawv tshuaj ntsiav.
Qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug yuav txawv. 100mg capsules (size 3) yog dawb, 300mg (size 1) yog daj, thiab 400mg (size 0) yog txiv kab ntxwv.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj yog cov hmoov dawb crystalline.
Cov tshuaj ntsiav tau muab tso rau hauv cov hlwv thiab cov thawv ntim khoom raws li.
Dab tsi yog cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv cov tshuaj "Katena"? Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij qhia tias kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov tshuaj no ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau nws cov khoom tseem ceeb - gabapentin. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus neeg sawv cev hauv nqe lus nug suav nrog cov khoom ntxiv xws li pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab, talc thiab lactose monohydrate.
Raws li lub plhaub capsule, nws muaj gelatin, titaniumDioxide (E171) thiab daj / liab hlau oxide dye.
Pharmacological action
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo li Katena ua haujlwm li cas? Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, nrog rau cov lus qhia txuas nrog, muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais tias kev kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj no yog vim muaj cov gabapentin hauv nws, uas yog, cov khoom uas zoo sib xws hauv cov qauv rau GABA neurotransmitter lossis lwm yam. hu ua gamma-aminobutyric acid. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj no txawv ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm lwm cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog GABA receptors.
Raws li cov lus qhia, gabapentin tuaj yeem khi rau α2-δ subunit ntawm voltage-dependent calcium channels, nrog rau inhibit qhov ntws ntawm Ca ions, uas yog ib qho ua rau mob neuropathic.
Lwm yam khoom
Vim li cas Katena thiaj li nrov? Kev tshuaj xyuas cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg mob qhia tias noj cov tshuaj no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm tus neeg mob. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim qhov tseeb tias nrog mob neuropathic, cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm txo qis glutamate-nyob ntawm kev tuag ntawm cov paj hlwb, nce cov synthesis ntawm GABA, thiab tseem txwv tsis pub tso tawm cov neurotransmitters uas koom nrog pawg monoamine.
Ntawm cov tshuaj kho mob, tus neeg sawv cev hauv nqe lus nug tsis khi rau neurotransmitter receptors, suav nrog benzodiazepine, glutamate, N-methyl-D-aspartate, glycine, GABA thiab GABA receptors. Tsis zoo li tshuaj xws li"Carbamazepine" thiab "Phenytoin", cov tshuaj "Katena" (kev tshuaj xyuas txog nws tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no) tsis cuam tshuam nrog Na channels txhua txoj kev.
Pharmacokinetic nta
Puas yog cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm Katena (300mg) absorbed? Cov lus qhia thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hais tias gabapentin yog nqus los ntawm txoj hnyuv.
Tom qab kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb hauv cov ntshav tau mus txog tom qab 3 teev. Qhov tseeb bioavailability ntawm cov tshuaj yog kwv yees li 60%. Kev noj zaub mov ib txhij (suav nrog cov zaub mov muaj roj) tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov khoom lag luam tshuaj ntawm gabapentin.
Cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj tsis khi rau plasma proteins. Hauv cov neeg mob qaug dab peg, nws cov concentration hauv cov kua cerebrospinal yog kwv yees li 20% ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.
Gabapentin raug tso tawm los ntawm lub raum. Cov cim qhia txog kev hloov pauv roj ntsha ntawm cov khoom no hauv tib neeg lub cev tsis raug kuaj pom. Gabapentin tsis tuaj yeem ua rau oxidases koom nrog hauv cov metabolism ntawm lwm cov tshuaj.
Kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj yog linear. Nws ib nrab-lub neej tsis nyob ntawm qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab yog li 5-7 teev.
Kev tshem tawm ntawm gabapentin txo qis hauv cov neeg laus, nrog rau cov neeg mob lub raum tsis ua haujlwm. Cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj raug tshem tawm ntawm cov ntshav thaum lub sijhawm hemodialysis. Plasma concentration ntawm gabapentin hauv cov menyuam yaus zoo ib yam li cov neeg laus.
Indications rau capsules
Yuav ua li cas tus neeg mob tuaj yeem muab tshuaj xws li "Katena" (300 mg)? Cov lus qhia thiab kev tshuaj xyuas qhia tias cov xwm txheej hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov tshuaj hais:
- neuropathic mob rau cov neeg laus;
- convulsions ib nrab (nrog rau cov xwm txheej nrog rau theem nrab generalization) hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas los ntawm 12 xyoo thiab cov neeg laus (raws li kev kho mob monotherapy);
- ntuav ntuav (nrog rau cov xwm txheej nrog rau theem nrab generalization) hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab cov neeg laus (raws li tshuaj ntxiv raws li ib feem ntawm kev kho mob nyuaj).
Contraindications rau noj tshuaj ntsiav
Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum tsis txhob noj Catena? Cov lus qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas qhia tias cov tshuaj no yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos. Nws tseem raug txwv tsis pub noj thaum saib tus neeg mob uas muaj kev nkag siab zoo rau cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj.
Nrog ceev faj, cov tshuaj tau muab rau cov neeg mob raum tsis ua haujlwm.
Katena npaj: cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Cov kws tshaj lij tshuaj xyuas thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv qhia tias cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab nrov. Nws raug pom zoo kom coj mus rau hauv, tsis hais noj mov. Txo cov tshuaj, txiav cov tshuaj, lossis hloov nrog lwm cov tshuaj maj mam, dhau ib lub lim tiam.
Rau qhov mob neuropathic, thawj koob tshuaj txhua hnub (hauv cov neeg laus)yuav tsum yog 900 mg (hauv peb qhov sib faib koob tshuaj). Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig tau txais tsis txaus, ces qhov koob tshuaj maj mam nce ntxiv.
Ntau tshaj txhua hnub ntawm Catena yog 3600 mg.
Lub sijhawm ncua ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj ntsiav yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 12 teev, vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev qaug dab peg.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm qee qhov qaug dab peg hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3-12 xyoo, cov tshuaj tau muab tshuaj rau thawj zaug ntawm 10-15 mg / kg (faib ua 3 koob). Tsis pub dhau 3 hnub, qhov koob tshuaj maj mam nce ntxiv (mus rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws).
Dab tsi ntxiv koj yuav tsum paub ua ntej koj pib noj Catena? Cov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hais tias nws tsis tsim nyog los tswj cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj no thaum kho. Cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Side effects
Cov tshuaj "Katena" (300 mg) cuam tshuam dab tsi? Kev tshuaj xyuas qhia tias tom qab noj cov tshuaj no, kev txhim kho ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv qab no (ib lossis ntau dua tib lub sijhawm) yog qhov ua tau:
- amnesia, leukopenia, rhinitis, ataxia, pneumonia, tsis meej pem, pob txha pob txha, incoordination, hnoos, kev nyuaj siab, pharyngitis;
- thrombocytopenic purpura, kiv taub hau, raws plab, dysarthria, qe qe dawb, chim siab, arthralgia, nystagmus, myalgia;
- drowsiness, urinary incontinence, impaired xav, vasodilation, tshee, urinary kab mob, convulsions, pruritus, amblyopia, daim tawv nqaij maceration, diplopia, ua pob liab vog;
- hyperkinesia,pob txuv, nce / qaug zog / tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, arterial hypertension, paresthesia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ntxhov siab vim, impotence, hostility, erythema multiforme, gait cuam tshuam, mob nraub qaum;
- Cov hniav tsis muaj xim, qaug zog, nce qab los noj mov, lub ntsej muag o, qhov ncauj qhuav, asthenia, xeev siab, hnyav nce, ntuav, raug mob, flatulence;
- anorexia, peripheral edema, gingivitis, influenza-like syndrome, mob plab, ntshav qabzib hloov pauv, kis kab mob, otitis media, pancreatitis, asthenia, kuaj lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo, kev ua tsis taus pa.
Kev Sib Tham Tshuaj
Kuv puas tuaj yeem noj Katen capsules nrog lwm cov tshuaj? Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij qhia tias thaum noj cov tshuaj no nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, qhov nqus ntawm gabapentin los ntawm txoj hnyuv tau txo qis.
Thaum siv nyob rau hauv parallel nrog Felbamate, kev nce hauv ib nrab-lub neej ntawm yav tas los yuav zoo li.
Tseem ceeb kom paub
Kev ncua sai ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov neeg uas muaj qee qhov qaug dab peg provokes kev loj hlob ntawm convulsive xwm txheej. Yog li ntawd, yog tias tsim nyog los txo cov koob tshuaj, txiav tawm gabapentin, lossis hloov nrog lwm cov tshuaj, qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom maj mam dhau ib lub lis piam.
Katena capsules tsis yog ib qho kev kho mob zoo rau kev qaug dab peg.
Parallel siv cov tshuaj hais nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau ua rau muaj qhov tsis tseebCov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev sim, uas tau ua los txiav txim siab cov protein hauv cov zis. Yog li ntawd, nws raug pom zoo kom siv ib qho tshwj xeeb sulfosalicylic acid nag lossis daus txheej txheem thaum kho.
Cov neeg muaj lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, nrog rau cov neeg mob hemodialysis, yuav tsum tau kho cov tshuaj noj.
Cov neeg mob laus kuj yuav tsum tau kho qhov kev siv tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj, vim cov neeg mob pawg no yuav txo tau lub raum tshem tawm.
Kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob vwm nrog cov tshuaj "Katena" hauv cov neeg mob hluas, nrog rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos, tsis tau tsim.
Thaum kho cov tshuaj no, txwv tsis pub haus cawv.
Tshuaj "Katena": tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg mob, analogues
Analogues ntawm cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug yog: Eplirontin, Gabagamma, Gabapentin, Neurontin, Tebantin, Konvalis, Egipentin.
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov tshuaj "Katena" yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo, uas tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov rau cov neeg uas niaj hnub raug mob los ntawm convulsions thiab qaug dab peg. Raws li cov neeg mob, lawv txhawb cov kev xav ntawm cov kws kho mob.
Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm cov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo, feem ntau muaj cov lus tsis zoo. Raws li cov neeg mob feem ntau, lub ntsiab drawback ntawm kev kho nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yog nws overpriced nqi (piv rau cov tshuaj zoo sib xws). Kws txawj hais tias cov tshuaj, activeCov tshuaj uas yog gabapentin, muaj ntau tsawg contraindications rau noj, nrog rau cov kev phiv uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub paj hlwb.
