Tunnel Neuropathy: Ua rau, Cov tsos mob, kev kho mob

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Tunnel Neuropathy: Ua rau, Cov tsos mob, kev kho mob
Tunnel Neuropathy: Ua rau, Cov tsos mob, kev kho mob

Video: Tunnel Neuropathy: Ua rau, Cov tsos mob, kev kho mob

Video: Tunnel Neuropathy: Ua rau, Cov tsos mob, kev kho mob
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Tunnel neuropathy yog qhov muaj ntau. Nws yog txuam nrog impaired microcirculation thiab compression ntawm peripheral qab haus huv, nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua tunnels, uas yog, nqaim fibrous-osseous kwj dej ntawm lub Upper thiab qis extremities.

Cov kab mob zoo li no tuaj yeem yog vim muaj caj ces predisposition, kab mob endocrine (xws li hypothyroidism thiab ntshav qab zib mellitus), nrog rau cov kab mob sib koom ua ke: los ntawm rheumatoid mob caj dab mus rau deforming osteoarthritis.

Tunnel neuropathy ntawm lub paj hlwb ulnar
Tunnel neuropathy ntawm lub paj hlwb ulnar

Tam sim no, muaj ntau qhov kev xav piav qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm qhov chaw neuropathy (piv txwv li, hormonal), tab sis tsis muaj leej twg tau txais kev pom zoo zaum kawg, yog li tus kab mob no suav tias yog ntau yam. Nyob ntawm seb cov hlab ntsha twg raug cuam tshuam, muaj ntau hom kab mob no.

Compression-ischemic: cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim

Qee zaum koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus xws li "tunnel compression-ischemic neuropathy". Thiab qhov no tsis txhais tau tias yog tautology.

Lo lus "compression-ischemic" txhais tau tiasNws muaj qhov ntev txaus compression ntawm cov hlab ntsha, nrog rau cov hlab ntsha tsis zoo, uas ua rau ischemia ntawm cov paj hlwb.

Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob no, piv txwv li, tourniquet, qhov, iatrogenic (postoperative) neuropathy. Cov kab mob hauv qhov sib txawv rau hauv ib pab pawg, vim lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv sib xws: cov paj hlwb hauv zos tau tshwm sim hauv cov kwj dej thiab cov qhov dej.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tunnel neuropathy
Cov tsos mob ntawm tunnel neuropathy

Yog tias koj saib ICD 10 tus lej rau qhov taub neuropathy, koj tuaj yeem pom tias muaj kev faib tawm meej rau hauv mononeuropathies ntawm sab sauv thiab sab qis. Lawv tau muab cov lis dej num G56 thiab G57, feem. Cov pab pawg tom kawg suav nrog, piv txwv li, qhov taub neuropathy ntawm lub paj hlwb peroneal.

Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob no yog ua los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev. Piv txwv li, ultrasound ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab radiography ntawm articular cov ntaub so ntswg yog suav hais tias yog cov ntaub ntawv tshaj plaws, txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, tus kws kho mob yuav sau ib qho kev kawm ntxiv - electromyography.

Tunnel neuropathy ntawm lub paj hlwb ulnar: ua rau thiab cov tsos mob

Tus kab mob no yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob feem ntau ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm brachial plexus. Qhov ua rau raug suav tias yog compression, uas yog, compression ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv qhov chaw qhia.

Qhov no feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm, piv txwv li, yog tias tus neeg yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntev nrog lub luj tshib so ntawm lub rooj lossis tshuab. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv qee kis tus kab mob no tuaj yeem txhim kho hauv cov neeg ncaws pob nrogntev squeezing ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm xibtes, zoo li tshwm sim nrog cyclists. Daim duab zoo sib xws yog qhov zoo rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntau nrog cov cuab yeej tes.

Kev kuaj mob ntawm tunnel neuropathy
Kev kuaj mob ntawm tunnel neuropathy

Qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas tus kab mob feem ntau cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb ulnar yog nws qhov chaw nyob sab nraud, uas ua rau thaj chaw no muaj kev phom sij tshwj xeeb.

Txawm tias lub npe "ulnar tunnel neuropathy", cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm qib ntawm lub dab teg, thiab hauv thaj tsam ntawm tus ntiv tes ntiv tes, thiab ntiv tes me me.

Nws tag nrho pib nrog loog loog thiab paresthesia. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb radial thiab nruab nrab yog khaws cia. Tab sis raws li tus kab mob no zuj zus mus, txhais tes pib zoo li ib tug clawed paw, txij li thaum lub ntsiab phalanges ntawm tus ntiv tes yog sharply ncua, tus me ntsis ntiv tes yog muab tso tseg. Muaj atrophy ntawm cov leeg me ntawm tes.

Pathology ntawm lub paj hlwb radial: ua rau thiab cov tsos mob

Tunnel neuropathy ntawm lub paj hlwb radial yog suav tias tsis muaj tus kab mob tsawg dua. Rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws cov tsos mob, qee zaum nws txaus tsuas yog tso koj txhais tes ua tsis tiav thaum pw tsaug zog. Qhov zoo siab, qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg uas tsaug zog zoo tom qab ua haujlwm lub cev hnyav, lossis vim kev pw tsaug zog ntev, tab sis qhov xwm txheej no kuj tshwm sim rau cov neeg mob uas tsaug zog tom qab haus dej cawv.

Tab sis feem ntau nws tshwm sim vim cov leeg nqaij ntau dhau thiab raug mob, thiab feem ntau yog kab mob thib ob. Qhov tshwm sim no tau ntsib los ntawm cov neeg khiav dej num, kev coj ua, nrog rau cov neeg mob uas yuav tsum siv lub cuab yeej.

Tunnel neuropathy ntawm lub paj hlwb nruab nrab
Tunnel neuropathy ntawm lub paj hlwb nruab nrab

Lwm yam uas ua rau muaj tus kabmob no yog:

  • kev raug mob;
  • daim ntawv thov tourniquet tsis raug;
  • bursitis, synovitis, lwm yam kab mob inflammatory xws li mob caj dab rheumatoid;
  • kab mob (xws li mob npaws);
  • kev npam;
  • degenerative leeg mob - arthrosis.

Tunnel neuropathy ntawm radial sib koom ua ke yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov hu ua dai txhuam. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias yog txhais caj npab txuas mus rau pem hauv ntej, tes ntawm qhov cuam tshuam yuav tsis tuaj yeem coj txoj haujlwm kab rov tav, nws yuav dai. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov ntsuas thiab tus ntiv tes xoo raug nias rau ib leeg.

Tus neeg mob hnov loog thiab paresthesia ntawm sab nraub qaum, nrog rau ib ncig ntawm qhov ntsuas, ntiv tes xoo thiab ntiv tes nruab nrab.

Neuropathy ntawm hom no suav nrog ob lub ntsiab mob. Qhov no yog radial tunnel syndrome, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm compression ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv, nrog rau Turner's syndrome (nws feem ntau pom nrog pob txha).

Pathology ntawm lub paj hlwb nruab nrab: ua rau thiab cov tsos mob

Tunnel neuropathy ntawm cov hlab ntsha nruab nrab tuaj yeem yog vim muaj ntau yam laj thawj. Cov no yog, piv txwv li, kev raug mob ntawm sab sauv qaum los yog paj hlwb puas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm (xws li rau cov neeg uas muaj qhov hnyav ntawm tes, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tas li). Tsis tas li, qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tsis raug rau hauvcubital leeg.

Cov cim qhia ntawm tunnel neuropathy
Cov cim qhia ntawm tunnel neuropathy

Tunnel neuropathy cov tsos mob yog mob ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo, qhov taw qhia thiab ntiv tes nruab nrab. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis xis nyob lossis mob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv kuj tseem muaj nyob rau sab hauv ntawm lub hauv pliaj.

Nws dhau los ua nyuaj rau khoov tes hauv xib teg (thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hais kom tuav lub xib teg rau hauv lub nrig txhawm rau kuaj xyuas qhov no). Cov leeg muaj peev xwm atrophy ntau dhau sijhawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob ib ncig ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo. Yog tsis muaj dab tsi ua li ntawd ces txhais tes yuav zoo dua thiab zoo li tus liab paw.

Tunnel neuropathy ntawm lub paj hlwb peroneal thiab nws cov yam ntxwv

Qhov no yog hom tshwj xeeb ntawm mononeuropathy. Nws manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv thiaj li hu ua poob ko taw syndrome, nyob rau hauv uas tus neeg mob tsis tuaj yeem khoov ko taw lossis ncaj nws cov ntiv taw. Tsis tas li ntawd, daim tawv nqaij ntawm thaj tsam anterolateral ntawm sab ceg yog cuam tshuam, nws rhiab heev txo.

Qhov peculiarity ntawm cov kab mob no piv rau qhov tau piav qhia saum toj no yog raws li hauv qab no: nws cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha peroneal, uas muaj cov hlab ntsha tuab heev. Lawv txawv los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm myelin sheath, tab sis nws yog cov qauv no uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev puas tsuaj thaum cov txheej txheem metabolic cuam tshuam.

Raws li kev txheeb cais, tsuas yog hauv 30% ntawm cov neeg mob nws cuam tshuam nrog kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha nws tus kheej, thiab feem ntau nws tshwm sim thaum kho tom qab raug mob thiab phais.

neuropathy syndrome
neuropathy syndrome

Tau kawg, tsis txhob kwv yees lwm tusCov laj thawj uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov pathology. Qhov no, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem raug mob ntau yam (los ntawm lub hauv caug raug mob mus rau pob txha ntawm sab ceg), vascular mob ua rau ischemia, curvature ntawm qaum, gout, ntshav qab zib mellitus, hnav khau nruj heev.

Thaum ib leeg raug mob, paj hlwb puas mob, mob tam sim ntawd. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam mob, neuropathy loj hlob maj mam, raws li ib tug kab mob nyob rau hauv uas muaj ib tug ua txhaum ntawm lub extension ntawm ko taw, vim li ntawd, thaum taug kev, tus neeg mob yog thawj zaug yuav luag imperceptibly, thiab ces yuam kom khoov tus ceg ceg ntawm lub hauv caug. sib koom ua ke kom txaus kom cov ntiv taw tsis ntes hauv pem teb.

txheej txheem yog nrog los ntawm qhov mob ntawm ko taw nws tus kheej thiab hauv qab ceg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov leeg tuaj yeem atrophy. Tus neeg mob tsis tuaj yeem sawv ntawm lawv lub luj taws lossis taug kev ntawm lawv cov ntiv taw, thiab qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los xyuas seb cov hlab ntsha twg cuam tshuam.

Kev kho mob: cov hauv paus ntsiab lus

Kev kho mob ntawm qhov av neuropathies tuaj yeem ua tau zoo tsuas yog tias qhov ua rau raug tsim thiab txiav txim siab lub tshuab ntawm compression. Raws li txoj hauv kev, qhov no yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke rau kev kho mob.

Zoo hmoo, feem ntau, kev kho mob yog kev saib xyuas. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee qhov xwm txheej (feem ntau tsis saib xyuas hnyav), yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam kev phais ntau dua, uas cov ntaub so ntswg uas ua rau cov hlab ntsha raug txiav. Feem ntau, qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo li no tau sau tseg rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas kev kho mob tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig. Cov lus qhia meej rau nws qhov kev sivYuav luag yeej tsis tshwm sim.

Cov tsos mob ntawm ICD neuropathy
Cov tsos mob ntawm ICD neuropathy

Raws li kev saib xyuas kev kho mob, nws txoj hauv kev ib nrab nyob ntawm cov hlab ntsha twg cuam tshuam. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias peb tab tom tham txog tunnel neuropathy ntawm lub qis extremities, ces kev kho mob pib nrog lub fact tias cov ceg yog tsau nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj hauj lwm uas cov hlab ntsha yog tsis nyem. Rau qhov no, siv cov khau tshwj xeeb, orthoses, thiab lwm yam khoom siv.

Etiotropic therapy

Xav txog tej yam kab mob xws li tunnel neuropathy, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho etiotropic, uas yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm qhov ua rau ntawm pathology. Piv txwv li, yog tias peb tab tom tham txog arthrosis lossis lwm yam kab mob sib koom ua ke, ces cov tshuaj uas muaj chondroitin sulfate thiab glucosamine raug sau tseg.

Hauv kev nkag siab, lawv muaj ob qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, tab sis lawv ua haujlwm qeeb heev. Lawv cov nyhuv yuav pom tau tsuas yog tom qab 2-3 lub hlis ntawm kev siv.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas cov tshuaj no ua yog lawv pab kho cov ntaub so ntswg sib koom ua ke, thiab lawv tau sau tseg vim li no. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem noj tau ntev, tsis zoo li cov tshuaj analgesics thiab cov tshuaj tsis-steroidal anti-inflammatory. Cov yav tas los txo qhov mob hnyav, tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem siv tau ntev, qhov no yog qhov uas chondroitin sulfate nrog glucosamine los ua ke.

kev kho mob ntxiv

Lwm thaj chaw ntawm etiotropic therapy yog kev kho cov txheej txheem metabolic, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, thiab tshem tawm qhov mob thiab o.

Rau qhov no, qhov kev xaiv nrawm tshaj plaws yog txhajglucocorticosteroids nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ncaj qha rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub paj hlwb. Hauv qhov no, "Diprospan" feem ntau yog siv - nws yog ob-tiv thaiv glucocorticosteroid uas muaj betamethasone dipropionate. Nws muab ib tug ntev-ntev anti-inflammatory nyhuv. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, cov tshuaj novocaine paj hlwb raug tshuaj.

Lwm txoj kev xaiv yog compresses nrog tshuaj loog, dimexide thiab glucocorticosteroids, uas yog siv rau thaj chaw teeb meem rau 20-30 feeb. Cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-steroidal anti-inflammatory xws li Ibuprofen kuj tseem siv tau, tab sis suav tias tsis zoo.

Txhawm rau txhim kho cov ntshav, cov tshuaj xws li nicotinic acid lossis Pentoxifylline tau sau tseg. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant tau muab - piv txwv li, thioctic acid.

Hauv yuav luag txhua qhov xwm txheej, txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb, cov vitamins ntawm pab pawg B raug tshuaj. Lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev kho mob yog ua si los ntawm kev zaws (nws tsuas yog ua tau los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij) thiab tsim tshwj xeeb. cov txheej txheem kev kho mob ce. Cov txheej txheem ntawm physiotherapy yog dav siv. Cov no yog magnetotherapy, electrophoresis, electrostimulation txheej txheem.

Symptomatic therapy

Yog tias qhov tunnel neuropathy kuaj tau, yuav kho li cas yog lo lus nug tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Thiab tib lub sijhawm, lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog ua los ntawm kev xaiv cov tshuaj rau cov tsos mob, uas yuav pab txo qhov mob.

Rau qhov no, hom nyiaj hauv qab no yog siv:

  • Anticonvulsants. Lawv qhov kev txiav txim yog ua raws li qhov tseeb tias lawv ua rau qee yam qauv ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab lub hlwb, uasyog lub luag haujlwm rau qhov pom ntawm qhov mob tshwm sim thaum lub paj hlwb compressed.
  • Tshuaj loog (nws yuav yog qhov tseeb dua los hu rau lawv cov kab ke transdermal nrog tshuaj loog, uas yog lidocaine). Lawv ua haujlwm tib yam li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
  • Tricyclic antidepressants. Lawv reuptake serotonin thiab dopamine, uas pab txo qhov mob.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj tricyclic antidepressants tsuas yog siv thaum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj qhov ua tau tshwm sim: qaug zog, nce ntshav siab, ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev txav. Muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo yog cov tshuaj xws li Escitalopram, uas kuj yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib pab pawg sib txawv.

Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob xws li compression-ischemic tunnel neuropathies (cov hlab ntsha carpal puas lossis lwm yam), thiab nws paub tseeb tias cov tshuab compression ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha los ntawm cov leeg nqaij spasmodic. tau tshwm sim, ces cov leeg nqaij relaxants raug tshuaj. Lawv so cov leeg thiab muaj cov nyhuv analgesic.

Raws li kws kho mob, nyob rau hauv pab pawg no ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws yog Tizanidin, Baclosan thiab Tolperisone kuj tau siv.

Zoo kawg

Tunnel neuropathy yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim thiab xav tau kev kho mob nyuaj. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua yog kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm ntawm pathology, vim tias nws nyuaj dua los kho tus kab mob hauv lub xeev siab heev.

Nws kuj tsis pom zoo kom tsis quav ntsej qhov tsis kaj siabcov tsos mob, thiab txawm ntau npaum li ntawd mus rau tus kheej noj tshuaj, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo. Thiab kev siv yeeb tshuaj dubious lossis tshuaj kho pej xeem ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm cov phooj ywg raug txwv nruj heev. Nws tsis pom zoo kom ua ib yam dab tsi yam tsis tau sab laj nrog tus kws tshaj lij ua ntej.

Pom zoo: