Edema ntawm lub ntsej muag yog qhov tsis txaus siab thiab pom dab tuag uas yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem zais. Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim thaum sawv ntxov thiab ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau. Koj tuaj yeem kho qhov teeb meem sib txawv. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog noj ib tug diuretic. Kev siv cov tshuaj diuretic rau o ntawm lub ntsej muag tsis tsuas yog pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo, tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev phiv. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem tsis tsim nyog, xaiv txoj kev yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua tib zoo.
Dab tsi yog edema thiab yog vim li cas thiaj txaus ntshai
Cov kua dej ntau dhau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov kab noj hniav hauv lub cev nrog kev nce hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, kev hloov hauv turgor, elasticity hu ua edema. Nws tuaj yeem nyob hauv zos - cov kua dej sib npaug cuam tshuam hauv thaj chaw txwv - lossis dav dav - hloov pauv ntawm cov dej sib npaug thoob plaws hauv lub cev.
Edema tsis yog dab tuag xwb, nws yog cov tsos mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Cov ntaub so ntswg edema yog yooj yimkis tau tus kab mob, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim thaum muaj kab mob hauv qab, uas ua rau ua txhaum ntawm cov kua dej tawm ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
Caus of edema
Kev tsis txaus ntawm cov dej tshuav yuav luag ib txwm tshwm sim vim kev khaws sodium ntau dhau los ntawm lub raum. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm edema hauv zos yog kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hauv zos ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib pauv dej los ntawm cov kab mob capillary. Muaj ntau yam uas cuam tshuam rau cov kua dej tsis txaus hauv lub cev:
- kab mob ntawm ntau lub cev, feem ntau yog tso zis thiab hlab plawv;
- ua xua;
- deficiency ntawm sodium, potassium, calcium, tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj haus lossis "kho" tshaib plab;
- kev npam;
- kab tom;
- cov txheej txheem hauv zos inflammatory (flux, lymphadenitis);
- kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ncaj ncees (kev raug mob);
- xeeb tub.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev kom tshem tau cov puffiness. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog siv cov tshuaj diuretic rau o ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab ob txhais ceg. Tsis zoo li lwm txoj hauv kev, diuretics tshem tawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo sai sai thiab ntev.
YDiuretics
Diuretic (diuretic) tshuaj - tshuaj ntuj lossis hluavtaws uas pab txo cov kua dej hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas ntawm cov kab noj hniav vim cov dej reabsorption ntawm dej, ntsev thiab ua kom lawv tawm hauv cov zis.
Diuretics yog siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm arterial hypertension, cardiovascular pathologies, edematous syndrome. Cov tshuaj raug xaiv nyob ntawm seb qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm dej thiab electrolyte tshuav nyiaj li cas thiab kev pheej hmoomuaj teeb meem nws yuav ua rau. Hauv kev kho cov kab mob, cov tshuaj muaj zog yog siv, thiab rau qhov o ntawm lub ntsej muag, cov tshuaj diuretic me me yog siv. Diuretics raug muag dawb, yam tsis muaj tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab rau koj tus kheej qhov kev kho mob zoo dua.
Dab tsi yog cov tshuaj diuretics feem ntau siv rau edema?
Pharmacological lag luam muaj kev xaiv ntau ntawm cov tshuaj diuretics. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv ua rau kom muaj kev sib cais ntawm cov zis thiab ntsev vim muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog ntau qhov chaw ntawm nephrons (cov qauv ntawm lub raum). Hom tshuaj diuretics siv rau qhov o ntawm lub ntsej muag:
- Loop diuretics ua thoob plaws hauv genu ntu ntawm lub voj ntawm Gengle. Lawv muaj cov teebmeem thib ob, bioavailability siab. Cov nyhuv diuretic yog pronounced, luv luv. Kev ua tshuaj tshwm sim tom qab 15-30 feeb, nyob ntawm seb cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb.
- Benzothidiazine derivatives txo tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov kua hauv lub cev thiab cov ntshav ntshav. Cov nyhuv diuretic tsim 2 teev tom qab noj thiab kav ntev txog 3 hnub. Thaum siv thiazides, koj tsis tas yuav txwv ntsev kom tsawg, cov tshuaj tshem tawm cov kua dej ntawm lub cev kom zoo.
- Potassium-sparing diuretics tiv thaiv sodium thiab dej tuav thiab txo cov poov tshuaj tso tawm.
- Sulfonamide derivatives txo cov reabsorption ntawm sodium thiab poov tshuaj ions, tsis cuam tshuam rau excretion ntawm poov tshuaj, nce acidity ntawm cov zis.
Loop diuretics: daim ntawv thov nta
Diuretics uas ua rau ntu cortical ntawm lub voj ntawm Henle hu ualooped. Kev siv lub voj diuretics rau qhov o ntawm lub ntsej muag tso cai rau koj kom tshem tawm qhov teeb meem sai sai thiab mus tas li.
- Furosemide yog diuretic nrog natriuretic zog. Ua sai thiab zoo, tab sis muaj ntau yam kev phiv. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov mob edematous, haus 1-2 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub.
- "Torasemide" txo qhov siab ntawm cov kua hauv lub cev thiab rov qab nqus dej los ntawm lub cev kab noj hniav. "Torasemide" tsawg dua "Furosemide" pab txhawb qhov tshwm sim ntawm hypokalemia, tab sis nws muaj zog dua thiab nws cov nyhuv ntev dua. Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau noj ib zaug txhua 24 teev.
Thiazides
Benzothiazine derivatives yog suav tias yog cov tshuaj diuretics zoo heev rau edema. Thiazides txo cov calcium secretion thiab nce sodium ntau lawm. Yog li ntawd, kev sib pauv ntawm sodium rau cov poov tshuaj enzymes nce ntau, thiab nws tau tawm ntau heev los ntawm lub cev. Thiazide diuretics tsis ua nruj heev rau lub cev raws li pawg voj voog, raws li, thiab lub sijhawm ntawm lawv qhov kev ua yog luv me ntsis. Rau edema, thiazides hauv qab no tau pom zoo:
- "Oxodoline" - diuretic ntsiav tshuaj muaj 0.05 g ntawm chlorthalidone. Ua rau txo cov ntshav siab. Cov neeg uas muaj hypotension yuav tsum noj tshuaj kom zoo. Nrog edematous syndrome, noj 2 ntsiav tshuaj txhua hnub.
- "Arifon" yog cov tshuaj diuretic antihypertensive. Cov tshuaj nquag yog indapamide. Cov tshuaj diuretic tau pom zoo hauv kev kho mob edematous syndrome hauv cov neeg mob plawv.
YPotassium-sparing diuretics
Qhov peculiarity ntawm cov nyiaj no yog tias lawv, zoo li lwm cov tshuaj diuretics, ua rau kom cov kua ntsev ntau ntxiv, tab sis txo qis cov kua qaub. Potassium-sparing diuretics yog suav tias yog cov tshuaj diuretics uas tsis muaj teeb meem. Nrog edema, pab pawg nyiaj no raug pom zoo. Lawv raug sau rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas muaj teeb meem nrog lub ntuj tso kua dej los ntawm lub cev. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub zog thiab lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua, lawv muaj ntau inferior mus rau lub voj, tab sis lawv tsis ua rau hypokalemia. Txhawm rau o, noj cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- Moduretik. Noj 1-2 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub twg. Pharmacological kev ua haujlwm tshwm sim 2 teev tom qab noj, cov nyhuv tseem nyob rau ib hnub.
- "Veroshpiron" yog diuretic, ua haujlwm ntev aldosterone antagonist. Yog hais tias puffiness tsis txo qis tam sim ntawd, qhov no tsis qhia tias tsis muaj zog ntawm cov tshuaj, cov nyhuv diuretic yuav tshwm sim tom qab ob peb teev. "Veroshpiron" tau pom zoo siv los ntawm 3 xyoos. Nws raug pom zoo kom haus tsis pub ntau tshaj ob ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub twg.
Y Carboanhydrase inhibitors
Sulfonamide derivatives tsis tshua siv los ua diuretics rau lub ntsej muag edema. Cov cuab yeej belongs rau diuretics ntawm kev ua tsis muaj zog, tab sis nws muaj qhov tsis zoo rau lub cev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws paub carbonic anhydrase inhibitors yog:
- "Diakarb" - diuretic nrog acetazolamide ua cov tshuaj nquag. Noj ib ntsiav tshuaj. Yog tias qhov o tsis txo qis, koob tshuajNws raug tso cai kom nce ntxiv, tab sis tsis pub ntau tshaj 4 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub.
- "Acetazolamide" yog cov tshuaj diuretic uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov cuab yeej muaj qhov tsis muaj zog tab sis kav ntev.
Yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj diuretic rau edema suav hais tias tsis muaj mob
Pharmacy muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj diuretic. Diuretics muaj yam tsis muaj tshuaj thiab ib tus neeg tuaj yeem xaiv cov tshuaj ntawm lawv tus kheej. Ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb thaum xaiv cov tshuaj yog nws txoj kev nyab xeeb.
Cov tshuaj diuretics niaj hnub no ua rau txo qis ntawm cov poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav. Nrog hypokalemia, cov metabolism ntawm carbohydrates, cov protein, dej-electrolyte tshuav nyiaj li cas, acid-base tshuav nyiaj li cas yog cuam tshuam. Tsis ntev, qhov no ua rau dystrophic hloov nyob rau hauv lub plawv cov leeg thiab cov leeg du ntawm txoj hnyuv. Qhov kev cia siab no tsis rov hais dua rau leej twg, yog li ntawd, qhov kev nyiam ntau dua yog muab rau cov tshuaj diuretics ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb.
Diuretics ntawm tsob nroj keeb kwm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub cev, tsis muaj kev phiv. Tab sis lawv kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo. Rau lub ntsej muag o, tsis muaj teeb meem ntuj diuretics yuav tsis ua haujlwm sai.
Nrov tshuaj ntsuab diuretics:
- Kanefron yog ib qho kev sib xyaw diuretic ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb, uas kuj muaj antispasmodic, antimicrobial thiab anti-inflammatory teebmeem. Cov tshuaj tau pom zoo siv los ntawm ib xyoos.
- "Phytolysin" - muaj zogdiuretic raws li pomace ntawm goldenrod tshuaj ntsuab, teb horsetail. Cov tshuaj kuj muaj nephrolitholytic thiab antispasmodic zog. Cov tshuaj diuretic yog contraindicated rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws diuretics rau edema
Diuretics yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws kom tshem tau cov puffiness. Cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem zoo sib xws tsis tu ncua paub cov tshuaj twg yuav tsum tau nyiam. Cov neeg uas muaj o - ib qho tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj, muaj teeb meem xaiv diuretic. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ntau cov npe pab, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug zoo khoom twb raug xaiv.
Kev ntsuas ntawm cov tshuaj diuretic zoo tshaj plaws rau lub ntsej muag o:
- Torasemide yog ib qho tshuaj diuretic nrog tib cov khoom xyaw nquag. Cov khoom lag luam pib ua 20 feeb tom qab thov thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntev.
- "Uregit" yog lub voj diuretic. Lub active tshuaj yog ethacrynic acid. Qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj yog xaiv ib tus zuj zus, tab sis tsis ntau tshaj 4 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub twg. "Uregit" tau pom zoo siv los ntawm 2 xyoos.
- "Triampur compositum" yog ib qho diuretic, antihypertensive agent. Cov tshuaj nquag yog triamterene thiab hydrochlorothiazide. Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau noj hauv 1 pc. ib hnub sawv ntxov teev.
- "Fitonefrol" - urological sau ntawm bearberry nplooj, marigold paj. Cov cuab yeej muaj diuretic, antimicrobial, antispasmodic nyhuv. Kev sau yog ua ntej brewed ntawm tus nqi ntawm 10 g ntawm qhov sib tov rau 200 ml ntawm dej thiab noj peb khob peb zaug ib hnub ua ntej noj mov.
- "Moduretik" -potassium-sparing diuretic nrog natriuretic, hypotensive zog. Cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj yog amiloride thiab hydrochlorothiazide. Cov khoom no txwv tsis pub siv los ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
- "Kanefrol" yog ib qho tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab, tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov ntsiav tshuaj, nrog rau xyaum tsis muaj contraindications. Txhawm rau txo qhov o, nws raug nquahu kom noj 25 tee ntawm cov tshuaj lossis 2 ntsiav tshuaj 3 zaug hauv ib hnub kom txog thaum tshem tawm qhov o. Haus dej kom ntau thaum noj.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj diuretic maj mam npaum li cas, nrog rau qhov o ntawm lub ntsej muag lossis ceg ceg, lawv yuav tsum tau siv los ua qhov chaw kawg. Cov kua dej ntau dhau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kab noj hniav tsis tshwm sim spontaneously. Edema yog qhov tshwm sim, qhov ua rau yuav tsum raug tshem tawm.
Cov kua dej ntau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm daim tawv nqaij feem ntau yog cov tsos mob ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological lossis mob. Koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab mus kuaj. Edema feem ntau yog ib qho kev tshwm sim ntawm cov theem pib ntawm tus kab mob nrog kev pom zoo. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj pathologies, nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los hloov koj txoj kev ua neej, ua cov kauj ruam los txhim kho koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Noj cov zaub mov ntsev tsawg, haus tshuaj yej ntsuab, kom tsaug zog.
Yog tias qhov ua rau o yog kev ua xua, zam qhov chaw thiab cov tshuaj uas ua rau muaj kev nkag siab ntau ntxiv, noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm diuretics
Tej zaum txhua tus tau ntsib teeb meem edema. Ib qho kev tshwm sim tsis zoo thiab txoj hauv kev los tshem tawm nws tau koom nrog hauv kev sib tham thiab kev sib tham. Feem ntaukev tsis sib haum xeeb txog cov tshuaj diuretic rau lub ntsej muag edema tsis muaj teeb meem. Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas, cov neeg siv tham hauv kev nthuav dav txog lawv qhov kev paub nrog kev siv qee yam txhais tau tias thiab qhov tshwm sim. Rau qee tus, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev ua tau zoo, lwm tus ntseeg tias ua ntej ntawm tag nrho nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txiav txim siab seb qhov kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem ua rau.
