Allergen-specific immunotherapy: piav qhia, nta thiab tshuaj xyuas

Cov txheej txheem:

Allergen-specific immunotherapy: piav qhia, nta thiab tshuaj xyuas
Allergen-specific immunotherapy: piav qhia, nta thiab tshuaj xyuas

Video: Allergen-specific immunotherapy: piav qhia, nta thiab tshuaj xyuas

Video: Allergen-specific immunotherapy: piav qhia, nta thiab tshuaj xyuas
Video: DnB Club Episode#51 Live Sea of Liquid Mixed Max Vishnevsky 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Kev tsis haum yog hu ua qhov kev nkag siab zoo ntawm lub cev rau txhua yam khoom. Feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no yog pob liab liab, edema, rhinitis, mob hawb pob, eczema, thiab txawm necrosis. Cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua xua feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj hormonal thiab antihistamines. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev siv cov kev kho mob zoo li no, ib tus tuaj yeem nres qhov tshwm sim tiag tiag ntawm tus kab mob. Kev tsis haum nws tus kheej tsis kho li no. Tab sis kev kho mob thev naus laus zis uas tuaj yeem kho tus kab mob nws tus kheej, hmoov zoo, muaj.

Kev siv cov tshuaj allergen tshwj xeeb

Raws li koj paub, txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev kis tus kab mob pathogenic lossis kab mob, siv txoj hauv kev xws li txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Allergen-specific immunotherapy yog qee yam zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem no. Tus neeg mob tsuas yog txhaj tshuaj microscopic ntawm cov tshuaj uas ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo hauv nws. Allergen-specific therapy feem ntau kav ntev heev - los ntawm ob peb lub hlis.

allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy
allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy

Lub sijhawm no, tus neeg mob lub cev, raws li nws, "tau siv" raukev ua ntawm allergen. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg mob kis tau tag nrho cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob.

Cov lus qhia rau kev kho

Txoj kev kho no feem ntau yog muab rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 5 txog 50 xyoo xwb. Ua ntej pib kev kho mob, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum paub tseeb 100% tias tus neeg mob tus kab mob yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:

  • rau conjunctivitis thiab raws caij nyoog rhinitis;
  • perennial rhinitis.

Tsis tas li, cov txheej txheem no tau zoo heev hauv kev kho mob bronchial hawb pob thiab lwm yam kab mob - plawv, endocrine, gastroenterological thiab neuroses.

allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy asitis
allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy asitis

tuaj yeem kho nrog cov tswv yim xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb thiab tshuaj tua kab mob lupus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cuab yeej no tsis tshua muaj siv hauv qhov no. ASIT tuaj yeem siv rau cov kab mob no tsuas yog thaum cov tshuaj ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb thiab tsis muaj dab tsi los hloov nws.

Kev cais tawm ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj tsis haum tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho cov tsos mob tsis zoo, tau kawg, zoo dua li kev kho mob. Thaum tsis muaj qhov khaus, tus neeg mob tsuas tuaj yeem tsis pom cov tsos mob. Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb tsuas yog sau tseg yog tias kev sib cuag tsis tuaj yeem raug cais tawm. Piv txwv li, nws yuav raug nquahu kom siv cov txheej txheem no yog tias tus neeg mob muaj kev tsis haum rau cov plua plav hauv tsev, cov khoomkev ua ntawm daim tawv nqaij mites, thiab lwm yam.

Yuav siv tshuaj dab tsi

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) tab tom ua los siv:

  • purified allergens;
  • allergoids;
  • lwm cov tshuaj hloov pauv.

Cov tshuaj tsim tawm hauv tebchaws Russia thiab siv hauv kev kho mob xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb yog cov qauv raws li lawv cov protein nitrogen (PNU) cov ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj xws li Staloral thiab Fostal tuaj yeem siv rau ASIT.

allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy nqi
allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy nqi

Yuav ua li cas tshuaj ua haujlwm

Qhov tseeb, ASIT cov txheej txheem lawv tus kheej muaj ntau haiv neeg. Nws tuaj yeem yog:

  • restructuring ntawm cytokine thiab tiv thaiv kab mob metabolism;
  • tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
  • slow down the mediator component of allergic inflammatory;
  • txo qis hauv IgE ntau lawm.

ASIT tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ob lub sijhawm lig thiab ntxov ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj tam sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm kho mob, cov qauv ntawm tes ntawm o thiab bronchial hyperactivity nyob rau hauv hawb pob yog suppressed.

Kev kho mob ua haujlwm li cas

Allergen-specific immunotherapy tuaj yeem, tau kawg, raug tshuaj thiab ua los ntawm kws kho mob nkaus xwb (thiab tsuas yog muaj cov kev paub dhau los). Tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej yuav tsum siv txoj kev no ib leeg. Ib qho yuam kev hauv qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis haum tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob tuag.

Siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no tsuas yog tso cai rau lub sijhawm tsis tawm tsam ntawm tus kabmob. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum xub tshem tawm qhov mob ntawm lub ntsws thiab lwm yam foci ntawm cov kab mob ntev.

allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy tshuaj xyuas
allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy tshuaj xyuas

Allergen-specific immunotherapy yog ib txwm pib nrog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj. Cov tshuaj irritant feem ntau yog siv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj. Qee zaum cov ntsiav tshuaj lossis hmoov kuj siv rau kev kho. Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj tau maj mam nce ntxiv.

Qhov zaus ntawm kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj feem ntau yog 2-3 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam. Cov txheej txheem tag nrho yog 25-50 txhaj tshuaj. Cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj siv cov tshuaj insulin pov tseg. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog muab subcutaneously.

Cov chav kawm twg tuaj yeem muaj

Tsis muaj cov txheej txheem kho mob rau ASIT. Kev kho mob yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob raws li tus kheej tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev thiab lub sijhawm ntawm nws tus mob. ASIT tsuas tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom hauv qab no:

  • short course preseason;
  • chav kawm ua ntej lub caij nyoog;
  • kev kho mob txhua xyoo.

Koj tuaj yeem hais qhia cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob siv cov txheej txheem no:

  1. Kev Npaj. Nyob rau theem no, tus kws kho mob ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob cov keeb kwm kho mob thiab ua ib qho kev kuaj mob. Tom ntej no, qhov ua rau-dependent allergen thiab qib ntawm rhiab heev ntawm lub cev rau nws (siv cov qauv) raug txiav txim. Raws li qhov no, cov tshuaj xav tau thiab nws cov koob tshuaj raug xaiv.
  2. pib theem. Nyob rau theem no, tus neeg mob pib muab cov tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj maj mam nce ntxiv.
  3. Kho qhov muag. Lub sijhawm no tuaj yeem siv sijhawm li 3 txog 5 xyoos. Lub sijhawm no, tus neeg mob tau noj tshuaj tsis tu ncua thiab ua tib zoo saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob.
allergen-specific immunotherapy
allergen-specific immunotherapy

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb

Tom qab noj tshuaj, tus neeg mob lub cev, rau qhov laj thawj pom tseeb, pib muaj qhov hnyav. Yog li ntawd, nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub muab xws li txhaj tshuaj rau tus neeg mob ib txhij nrog txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tsis tau raws li qhov tseem ceeb no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm kho, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom ua xua rau tus neeg mob lub cev.

YContraindications

Nws yog txwv tsis pub ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb rau:

  • tus neeg mob cev xeeb tub;
  • tus neeg mob muaj cov txheej txheem kis mob hnyav;
  • daim ntawv mus tas li ntawm bronchial hawb pob 2-3 degrees;
  • mob khaub thuas nws tus kheej;
  • muaj cov qog pathologies;
  • mob hlwb nyob rau theem mob hnyav;
  • qib siab ntawm immunoglobulin E.

Ua tib zoo siv cov cuab yeej no rau cov neeg mob:

  • under 5 thiab tshaj 50;
  • muaj daim tawv nqaij pathologies;
  • mob kis kab mob;
  • nrog cov tawv nqaij tsis zoo rau kev ua xua.
allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy nqi
allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy nqi

Side effects

Tau kawg, thaum lub sijhawm kho, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem pom ntau yam tsis zoo ntawm lub cev. Cov kev mob tshwm sim thaum siv cov kev kho mob tshwj xeeb yog:

  1. liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab o ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau tshwm sim li ib nrab ib teev tom qab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj. Yog tias muaj qhov tshwm sim zoo li no, koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tsis haum yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg.
  2. Ua kom lub cev kub ntawm tus neeg mob lossis daim tawv nqaij ua pob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau tshwm sim tam sim tom qab kev tswj hwm tshuaj. Hauv qhov no, qhov ntau npaum li cas kuj raug txo.

Yuav ua li cas kho tau zoo

Tam sim no, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsuas yog tib txoj hauv kev kho kev ua xua thiab mob ntsws asthma uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Tom qab ua tiav cov chav kawm tiav raws li tag nrho cov kev cai, cov neeg mob feem ntau muaj kev zam mus ntev. Nrog rau kev tsis haum rhinitis thiab polynoses, cov kev kho no muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau 90% ntawm cov neeg mob. Nws kuj tau pom tias qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho mob nrog ASIT tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv cov neeg mob hluas.

Cov txiaj ntsig kho mob hauv cov neeg mob feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab3-5 ASIT cov chav kawm. Tab sis kev txhim kho feem ntau pom pom tom qab thawj zaug ntawm lawv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev rau stimuli ua tsis tau zoo.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy: tus nqi ntawm qhov teeb meem

Tus nqi ntawm ASIT kev kho mob yog nyob ntawm hom khaus ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Kev kuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb feem ntau raug nqi txog 900 rubles. Rau kev kho mob rau kev ua xua rau paj ntoos los ntawm ntoo thiab cereals, tus neeg mob yuav raug them, piv txwv li, los ntawm 6 mus rau 12 txhiab rubles, rau cov plua plav hauv tsev - los ntawm 8 mus rau 14.5 txhiab rubles.

allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy tshuaj
allergen tshwj xeeb immunotherapy tshuaj

Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy: Tus Neeg Mob Testimonials

Cov neeg mob lawv tus kheej muaj kev xav zoo heev txog cov cuab yeej kho mob no. Qee cov neeg mob xav tias ASIT yog tib txoj kev kho mob zoo rau kev ua xua. Tom qab kawm tiav, ntau tus neeg mob, raws li lawv, thaum kawg pib "ua lub neej tag nrho." Cov txheej txheem no tau qhuas los ntawm cov neeg mob rhinitis, Quincke's edema, thiab lwm yam tshwm sim ntawm kev ua xua.

Qee zaum nws tshwm sim tias cov txheej txheem tsis pab tus neeg mob. Tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, raws li ntau tus neeg mob sau tseg, nws yuav luag tsis ua mob. Nws raug suav hais tias qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb, tus nqi ntawm cov chav kawm. Tau kawg, tsis yog txhua tus neeg mob tuaj yeem them 12-14 txhiab rau kev kho mob.

Pom zoo: