Soda tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau kev kho thoob ntiaj teb. Nws yog nrov nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub thiab ua noj ua haus raws li nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Txhua tus ua tsaug rau nws lub peev xwm los muab kev kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab ntxuav cov nyhuv ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus uas tsim cov tshuaj no muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo kawg nkaus. Yog li ntawd, kev nqus dej nrog dej qab zib yog nrov heev niaj hnub no.
Kev piav qhia ntawm cov khoom
Sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3) yog cov khoom tsis muaj xim uas muaj cov atoms uas tau teem rau hauv ib qho kev txiav txim, uas yog yam ntxwv. ntawm crystals. Lub siab ntawm hygroscopicity, nrog rau lub peev xwm yaj ntawm 858 degrees. Hais txog ci los yog haus dej qab zib, nws yog hu ua sodium bicarbonate.
Hnub no, baking soda tau paub rau peb hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hmoov zoo, dawb, tsis muaj ntxhiab, yooj yim soluble hauv dej.
Discovery keeb kwm
Kev tshawb pom ntawm cov dej qab zib tshwm sim kwv yees li 1500-2000 BC. Tom qab ntawd nws cov extraction yog nqa tawm los ntawm cov dej qab zib pas dej thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov minerals ntawm thermonatrite, natron, trona.
Kev lees paub ntawm kev tshawb pom thiab kev tshem tawm cov dej qab zib, ua tsaug rau cov dej evaporation, yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm Roman kws kho mob Dioscorides Pedanias. Kom txog rau thaum xyoo pua 18th, alchemists thiab kws kho mob pom cov dej qab zib yog ib yam khoom uas emissions tshwj xeeb hiss thiab gas thaum ua ke nrog acetic thiab sulfuric acids. Niaj hnub no, nws pom tseeb rau txhua tus neeg tias vim muaj tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov pa roj carbon dioxide raug tso tawm, uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwj xeeb hiss.
Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi tau paub txog cov dej qab zib muaj pes tsawg leeg txawm tias mus rau lub caij nyoog ntawm Dioscorides Pedanias, txij li cov pa roj carbon dioxide tau tshawb pom tsuas yog 600 xyoo tom qab los ntawm Dutch chemist Jan van Helmont, uas hu ua kev tshawb pom hav zoov gas.
Kuv sim
Tsuas yog nyob rau xyoo pua 18th lawv tau kawm yuav ua li cas rho cov dej qab zib, txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab. Chemist Henri Louis Duhamel de Monceau, siv cov txheej txheem ntawm crystallization, muaj peev xwm cais cov dej qab zib nyob rau hauv nws cov ntshiab daim ntawv nyob rau hauv 1736, thiab kuj tau txheeb xyuas lub ntsiab "sodium" nyob rau hauv lub composition. Thiab xyoo 1737, Duhamel, ua ke nrog Andreas Sigismund Marggraf, tau ua pov thawj tias potassium carbonate thiab dej qab zib sib txawv.
Tus kws tshawb fawb kuj tau sim tsim cov dej qab zib los ntawm kev ua ntawm sodium sulfate nrog acetic acid, tab sis, hmoov tsis, Duhamel tsis xav tias sulfuric acid tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm acetic acid los ntawm ntsev, txij li tom kawg yog cov khoom tsis muaj zog..
Thiab piv txwv li, Marggraf, sim ua kom tau cov dej qab zib, ua kom cov thee ua ke nrog sodium nitrate, ua rau muaj kev sib kis. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev sim no, tus kws tshawb fawb tau hlawv nws lub ntsej muag nrog nws txhais tes, tsis xav tias kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj no tso cai rautxais GUNPOWDER.
Tab sis yog tias peb tham txog kev tsim cov dej qab zib, ces qhov kev tshawb pom yog nyob rau hauv Russia. Qhov kev tshawb pom tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo 1764 hauv T altsinsk ntawm lub khob iav ntawm tus kws kho mob Eric Gustav Laxman, uas pom tias kev sib xyaw ntawm cov hluav taws xob nrog ntuj sodium sulfate ua rau kev tsim cov dej qab zib. Los ntawm txoj kev, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm xws li ib tug tshwm sim, ib khub ntawm gaseous tshuaj yog tsim: carbon dioxide thiab sulfur dioxide. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tus kws tshawb fawb tau tswj kom tau dej qab zib, nws txoj kev tsis tau txais koob meej ntxiv thiab siv zog, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws tsis nco qab.
Tus kws tshawb fawb Lebman muaj peev xwm rho tawm dej qab zib los ntawm kev sib xyaw sodium sulfate, calcium carbonate thiab charcoal. Ua tsaug rau cov thee, sodium sulfate raug txo, thiab tom qab ua tiav kev kub hnyiab tawm ntawm cov thee thiab carbon monoxide, cov sib tov txias tau kho nrog dej. Yog li, calcium sulfide tseem nyob hauv cov av, thiab sodium carbonate tau mus rau hauv cov tshuaj.
Nws yog cov thev naus laus zis no uas xyoo 1789 Lebman tau muab nws tus neeg mob, Duke Philippe ntawm Orleans, uas tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus thiab faib nyiaj 200,000 livres rau kev tsim cov nroj tsuag - "Franciada - Lebman's Soda".
Hmoov tsis zoo, thaum lub sij hawm Fabkis Revolution, lub duke raug tua, cov cuab yeej raug txeeb, cov nroj tsuag thiab patent tau los ua cov cuab yeej ntawm lub xeev. Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, txawm li cas los xij, cov nroj tsuag tau rov qab los rau Lebman, tab sis nws tau raug puas tsuaj thiab xav tau nyiaj txiag loj heev txhawm rau txhawm rau rov tsim khoom.
Thiab txawm hais tias tus kws tshawb fawb tsis tuaj yeem rov ua cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, nws cov thev naus laus zis tau muaj npe nrov hauvTeb chaws Europe.
Tshuaj kws kho mob Ernest Solvay yog tus neeg sib tw muaj hmoo. Nws nrhiav tau ib txoj kev tshiab rau kev tsim cov dej qab zib - ammonia. Nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau yog kev tsim khoom, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov dej qab zib, thiab kev puas tsuaj ib puag ncig tsawg. Tsis muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kev sib tw, Lebman cov chaw tsim khoom pib kaw.
Hnub no, ntau tshaj 200 lab tons ntawm dej qab zib tau tsim txhua xyoo. Cov tshuaj tau pom nws txoj hauv kev mus rau ntau qhov kev lag luam: detergents, iav, txhuas, roj av refining, thiab pulp thiab ntawv, thiab ua ib qhov chaw ntawm carbon dioxide rau ci khoom, dej qab zib, thiab txawm hluav taws tua hluav taws. Thiab txoj kev kho mob ntawm dej qab zib yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab cais.
Properties of baking soda
Tej zaum qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho mob ntawm sodium carbonate yog nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Txhua leej txhua tus paub hais tias pathogenic microflora tsis muaj lub sij hawm los tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug acidic thiab alkaline ib puag ncig. Yog tias muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kua qaub hauv tib neeg lub cev, ces nws nyuaj rau cov kab mob cab, kab mob thiab cov kab mob kom vam meej.
Nws yog dej qab zib uas pab tsim qhov tsim nyog alkaline ib puag ncig. Hauv qhov no, sodium carbonate yog siv los tiv thaiv thiab kho ntau yam kab mob:
- oncology;
- kab mob ntawm plab hnyuv;
- raum, zais zis thiab lub zais zis pob zeb;
- tso nyiaj hauv cov pob qij txha;
- conjunctivitis;
- kis kab mob ntawm testhiab ceg;
- bronchopulmonary ailments.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, dej qab zib tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab nraud, ua kom cov kua qaub. Kuv kuj xav kom nco ntsoov cov txheej txheem zoo heev - nqus dej qab zib.
Sodium carbonate yog ib qho pov thawj, pheej yig thiab pheej yig analogues ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau lub sijhawm mob khaub thuas. Yog tias thawj cov tsos mob twb pom tseeb - qhov ntswg los ntswg, hnoos, tab sis tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias, ces koj yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tshuaj tam sim ntawd. Siv ob peb lub tsev nqus pa nrog dej qab zib. Kev pab yuav tuaj sai sai tom qab thawj txheej txheem.
kho cov nyhuv ntawm dej qab zib
Los ntawm nqus pa thaum nqus cov dej qab zib, cov kab mob nrog cov tshuaj nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Lawv muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv lub mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm ib tug ua pa ib ntsuj av, ntxuav lub maxillary sinuses, txo o, dryness ntawm nasopharynx thiab yooj yim tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev. Kev nqus tau zoo heev nrog dej qab zib thaum hnoos. Kev ua alkaline ntawm sodium carbonate txo cov acidity hauv tib neeg lub cev, ua rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob tuag.
Yuav ua li cas nqus dej qab zib
Cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua ib teev ua ntej noj mov, lossis ob teev tom qab noj mov. Lub sijhawm tuav tsis pub dhau 10 feeb. Txhawm rau ua kom nqus tau cov dej qab zib hauv tsev, koj yuav xav tau:
- dej - tsuas yog tshiab;
- baking soda;
- lauj kaub (tais)
- phuam.
Dej yog cua sov. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau cov dej kub yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 60 degrees, yog likub npaum li cas rhuav tshem tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm dej qab zib, thiab thaum koj nqus tau, koj tuaj yeem hlawv cov mucous membrane. Tom ntej no, dej qab zib yog yaj nyob rau hauv lub thawv nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 1 (1 tablespoon ntawm ci dej qab zib yog ntxiv rau ib liter ntawm boiled dej). Twb zaum saum lub lauj kaub, lawv npog lawv lub taub hau nrog phuam.
Thaum kho cov nasopharynx, cov vapors yuav tsum tau nqus los ntawm lub qhov ntswg, maj mam thiab maj mam. Yog tias hnoos tau kho, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum nqus cov pa hauv koj lub qhov ncauj, thaum tuav cov huab cua rau ob peb feeb, tom qab ntawd exhale calmly. Txhob nqos tob heev.
Tom qab nqus dej qab zib, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tawm mus sab nraud tsawg kawg ib teev. Lub txaj pw yuav tsim nyog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob hais lus kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam lub suab.
Koj tuaj yeem ua pa nqus dej qab zib rau cov menyuam yaus, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ze ntawm cov neeg laus! Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm raug txo kom tsawg li 5 feeb.
nqus pa siv lub cuab yeej
Nws yuav yooj yim dua kom nqus tau cov dej qab zib hauv lub nebulizer. Cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb dej qab zib tov "Soda-buffer", uas yog diluted nrog saline. Tseem ceeb heev: nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj rau kev nqus pa kom nruj raws li cov lus qhia.
Lub tshuab nqus pa uas siv lub tshuab nqus pa yog zoo ib yam li tus qauv algorithm: ib teev ua ntej noj mov, lossis ob teev tom qab noj mov kawg; pw so; suab so.
Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm cov khoom siv nqus pa nrog dej qab zib yog qhov muaj peev xwm ntxiv cov khoom rho tawm ntawm chamomile, aminophylline, sage thiab lwm yamcov nroj tsuag tshuaj txawm nyob rau hauv siab lub cev kub ntawm tus neeg mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv lub tshuab nqus tsev tsis txwv rau cov menyuam mos.
YContraindications
Kev nqus dej nrog dej qab zib thaum hnoos hauv tsev muaj kev nyab xeeb tag nrho, tab sis tseem muaj qee qhov lus ceeb toom thiab lawv yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ua ntej pib kho:
- tus neeg intolerance rau ib yam khoom (kev tsis haum tshuaj);
- tus neeg mob qhov kub siab tshaj 37 degrees;
- paj paum ntawm cov hnoos qeev.
Thaum cev xeeb tub, nws tsim nyog ua cov txheej txheem nrog ceev faj heev, vim tias qhov ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm gag reflex tuaj yeem ua tau. Nws tseem tsim nyog tshem tawm iodine tag nrho.
nqus pa daws
Inhalations nrog dej qab zib yog ib qho pov thawj classic! Rau ntau yam mob, nws raug nquahu kom ua kom nqus pa los ntawm kev sib xyaw dej qab zib nrog lwm yam tshuaj, piv txwv li:
- dej qab zib nrog ntsev - xws li ib qho kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub caj pas;
- dej qab zib nrog iodine - cov khoom no zoo rau kev mob ntawm lub ntsws, hnoos qhuav, mob caj pas thiab qhov ntswg qhov ntswg;
- dej qab zib nrog qos yaj ywm - zoo kawg nkaus tiv thaiv cov hnoos ntub thiab qhuav, ua kom sov ntawm lub caj pas thiab txo qis tickling / hoarseness; loosens cov hnoos qeev thiab tshem tawm ib txwm.
Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv ntau yam roj yam tseem ceeb uas yuav cuam tshuam rau cov mucous daim nyias nyias nrog softening thiab moisturizing nyhuv.
Reviews
Tus neeg mob tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov dej qab zib inhalations paub meejkev ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo li no. Ntau tus nco txog qhov tshwm sim txawm tias muaj kab mob bronchial. Nrog rau kev kho inhalation tsis tu ncua, qhov tshwm sim tsis ntev los no: qhov o ntawm cov mucous membranes txo qis; tshem tawm tickling thiab tickling; Cov hnoos qeev ua rau qis qis thiab yooj yim rau expectorate.
Qhov tseem ceeb - tsis txhob tso tseg kev sab laj nrog tus kws tshaj lij thiab contraindications ua ntej nqus dej qab zib.
