Ceresin - kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom carbon atoms, uas yog synthesized los ntawm kev ua ozocerite (roob ciab). Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-xyoo pua 20th, nws tau mined los ntawm paraffinic deposits uas nyob rau hauv cov roj kav dej thaum lub sij hawm extraction thiab tsheb thauj mus los. Los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua kua roj uas muaj cov alkanes zoo tib yam, cov khoom siv ceresin raug rho tawm. Nws yog dab tsi, peb tsab xov xwm yuav qhia.
Lub melting point ntawm hard wax ranges ntawm 65-88 degrees. Ceresin muaj tsis muaj volatile Cheebtsam, nws yog insoluble nyob rau hauv cawv thiab dej. Nws boils ntawm qhov kub ntawm 400 degrees, thiab flashes ntawm 260. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm no sib tov tshaj paraffin yog ib tug ntau viscosity thiab thickening ntawm cov roj. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom siv quav ciab, ceresin ntxiv rau nws. Cov tom kawg yog qis dua rau paraffin hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Ceresin - cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Cia peb mus saib seb peb yuav ua li cas. Muaj ntau ntau hom kev sib xyaw hu ua ceresin. Nws yog dab tsi? Peb yuav tham txog qhov no hauv tsab xov xwm. Cov khoom sib tov no raug suav nrog nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.poob (65, 70, 75, 80, 80e). Lawv tau siv dav hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam ntau:
- Khoom noj khoom haus (purified heev) ceresin yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho kom zoo nkauj. Ua tsaug rau nws cov cawv, cov tshuaj nplaum tau txais qhov xav tau sib xws thiab, raws li, nqus lipid additives yooj yim dua. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm mascara, mem pleev di ncauj, thiab lwm yam yog indispensable yam tsis muaj cov tshuaj no.
- Printing number case, carbon ntawv thiab sealing wax hauv kev lag luam luam ntawv yog tsim los ntawm nws.
- Hauv kev lag luam, qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide no yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion rau lub cev tsheb thiab ua cov tshuaj tsuag tshwj xeeb ntawm xov tooj cua engineering qhov chaw.
- Hauv tshuaj, ceresin dhau los ua cov tshuaj pleev tshuaj, tshuaj vaseline thiab roj.
- Dav siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob engineering, vim nws tuaj yeem nres cov teebmeem ntawm alkalis thiab acids.
- Zoo rau txheej cheeses.
- Los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm paraffin nrog ceresin, lub tswm ciab nyuaj dua.
Ntau yam ntawm ceresin
Muaj ob hom: hluavtaws thiab roj av. Cov tom kawg yog pom nyob rau hauv limestone thiab xuab zeb, thiab qhov kev xaiv yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev ntxiv tsab ntawv "H" rau tus lej (65N, 70N, 80N). Petroleum ceresins tau txais nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm deoiling petrolatum (cov tshuaj pleev ib ce Vaseline). Artificial ceresins (100, 200) yog tsim los txiav txim hauv chav kuaj. Cov wax no muaj cov qib siab ntawm fusibility, muaj cov granules me me hauv cov qauv.dawb. Synthetic wax yog siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov thermoregulation ntsuas. Ib yam li ntawd, cov khoom siv dag zog yog tsim los ua cov thickener hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus.
Tiag tiag ceresin kuj tseem faib tawm raws li qhov poob qis (65, 70, 75, 80, 85, thiab lwm yam). Ib pawg cais suav nrog ceresin 85e siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tag nrho cov ntau yam no nrov heev hauv kev siv.
Ceresin 65, ua cov khoom ua kom zoo ntawm cov roj av wax, sib tov ntawm ozocerites, yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv rau rwb thaiv tsev, nrog rau cov roj ntsha paraffin. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov pa roj carbon hnyav ntawm qib 67 yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kev tawm tsam corrosive.
Pure ceresin - yog dab tsi?
Ceresin qib 75 zoo ib yam li cov quav ciab, tab sis cov xim palette txawv ntawm dawb mus rau xim av tsaus. Nws ua tau zoo raws li cov khoom siv nrog lub siab coefficient ntawm waterproofing, indispensable raws li ib tug anti-corrosion txheej thiab impregnation ntawm ntim khoom. Ntau yam ntawm ceresin, uas txawv los ntawm qib siab ntawm purity, tuaj yeem siv yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo hauv tshuaj, cosmetology thiab cheese ua. Ntau yam uas muaj tus lej ntau dua (80, 80H, 90) muaj daim ntawv thov zoo sib xws, tab sis lawv cov qauv yog qhov zoo dua, thiab raws li, cov ntau yam no kim dua li cov analogues ntawm cov tshuaj hu ua ceresin (nws yog dab tsi - peb twb pom lawm) ntawm ib qho kev txiav txim me me.
Ceev faj rau kev tuav cov tshuaj
- Txawm hais tias qhov muaj pes tsawg leegceresin tsis muaj cov tshuaj volatile uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau kev noj qab haus huv, koj yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog kev tiv thaiv lub ntsws thiab qhov muag.
- Thaum ua haujlwm nrog qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov pa roj carbon hnyav, chav tsev yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub tshuab ua pa tawm.
- Tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej yuav tsum tau tso cai rau kev sib cuag nrog hluav taws - qhov no yog fraught nrog hluav taws kub. Thaum muaj nplaim taws, txhua yam kev tua hluav taws txhais tau tias siv tau.
Hard paraffin hauv tshuaj
Ceresin (tshuaj) yog cov khoom dawb thiab tuab, tsis muaj ntxhiab thiab tsis qab. Nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog nws tawm greasy kab. Paraffin yog sai decomposed nyob rau hauv roj av thiab cov roj yam tseem ceeb, tab sis yog insoluble nyob rau hauv cawv thiab dej. Melting ntawm qhov kub ntawm 50 mus rau 58 degrees. Raws li tus kws kho mob ywj pheej nrog lub peev xwm kub zoo, nws tsim nyog rau kev kho cua sov tiv thaiv neuralgia thiab neuritis. Compresses soaked nyob rau hauv molten hard paraffin yog nrov heev.
Vim nws qhov txiaj ntsig tsis txaus ntseeg, ceresin, cov lus qhia rau kev siv uas tsis txwv rau kev lag luam, yog siv los ntawm tib neeg txhua qhov chaw - los ntawm hluav taws xob thiab roj refining rau tshuaj thiab cosmetology.
