Sodium nitroprusside: cov lus qhia rau kev siv

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Sodium nitroprusside: cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Sodium nitroprusside: cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Video: Sodium nitroprusside: cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Video: Sodium nitroprusside: cov lus qhia rau kev siv
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Muaj ntau yam tshuaj uas muaj cov teebmeem antihypertensive. Cov tshuaj uas txo cov ntshav siab feem ntau yog siv ua ke thiab ua haujlwm (1-2 zaug hauv ib hnub). Yog li, ntshav siab yog kho. Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov tshuaj siv ntshav siab tsis ua haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd siv cov tshuaj muaj zog, xws li sodium nitroprusside tov. Cov tshuaj no tsis yog siv raws li txoj cai thiab tsis muaj kev xav tau loj. Nws tsis yog cov tshuaj ntawm kev xaiv rau kev kho mob ntawm arterial hypertension, nrog rau mob plawv tsis ua hauj lwm. Nws tsuas yog siv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, thaum tib neeg lub cev tsis teb rau lwm cov tshuaj uas txo cov ntshav siab (diuretics, ACE inhibitors). Sodium nitroprusside tov tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej, yam tsis muaj kws kho mob cov tshuaj.

sodium nitroprusside
sodium nitroprusside

Cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig dab tsi rau lub cev?

Drug "Sodium Nitroprusside" (formula - C 5 FeN6Na2O) belongs rau pawgperipheral vasodilators. Nws yog nthuav tawm los ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov xim liab tsaus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov muaju los yog hmoov. Tab sis thaum npaj nws, nws yog diluted nrog dej thiab tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv kua daim ntawv. Vim lub fact tias cov tshuaj muaj ib pab pawg neeg nitroso, kev siv cov tshuaj ua rau vasodilation. Qhov no tshwm sim raws li nram no: cov tshuaj no, thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, hloov mus rau hauv nitric oxide thiab activates lub enzyme - guanylate cyclase. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov tsim ntawm cGMP yog txhim kho, uas zoo li mus rau hauv cov leeg nqaij ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab ua rau nws so. Raws li qhov no, cov tshuaj "Sodium Nitroprusside" muaj cov teebmeem hauv qab no: arterio- thiab venodilating, nrog rau hypotensive. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, kev ua haujlwm ntawm vascular system tau nrawm dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj ua haujlwm zoo li lub plawv glycosides, uas yog, nws txo qis myocardial oxygen xav tau. Cov nyhuv no ua tiav los ntawm kev txo qis ua ntej thiab tom qab.

sodium nitroprusside cov lus qhia rau kev siv
sodium nitroprusside cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj

Nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias cov tshuaj tsuas yog siv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev rau cov kab mob hnyav thiab tiv thaiv lub cev rau lwm pab pawg tshuaj. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj hu ua:

  1. mob plawv tsis ua hauj lwm. Hauv particular, qhov no yog hais txog kev loj hlob ntawm pulmonary edema (cardiac asthma). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus mob no sai sai thaum tsis muaj cov nyhuv diuretics.
  2. mob plawv tsis ua hauj lwm hnyav. Cov theem siab ntawm CHF (2 b, 3) tsis yogib txwm kho tau. Yog li ntawd, nrog rau lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab mob hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob, peripheral vasodilators raug tshuaj.
  3. mob hlab ntsha tawg. Qee zaum, cov tshuaj no yog siv rau myocardial infarction los txo qhov siab hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub plawv, nrog rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cardiogenic shock.
  4. Arterial hypertension tsis teb rau kev kho ib txwm muaj. Vasodilators tuaj yeem siv rau pheochromocytoma, paroxysmal crises, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem loj tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce siab hauv cov ntshav siab (stroke, psychogenic disorders, plawv nres).
  5. Ergot lom. Cov nroj tsuag no ua rau lub vasospasm ntse, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj zog nrog kev pab ntawm sodium nitroprusside tshuaj. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv suav nrog hauv pob yuav tsum tau kawm zoo los ntawm cov kws kho mob xwm txheej ceev thiab cov neeg pab txhawb nqa.

Contraindications thiab phiv

Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau hauv hemorrhagic stroke, thiab tom qab nws. Nws yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm thiab hypothyroidism. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis pom zoo rau cov neeg uas muaj zog intracranial siab. Kev siv tshuaj yog txwv tsis pub siv rau cov menyuam yaus, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov neeg laus. Lwm contraindication yog intolerance rau lub active tshuaj nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj.

sodium nitroprusside qhia
sodium nitroprusside qhia

Ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj "Nitrorusside sodium" nws tsim nyog hais txog qhov txo qis hauv cov ntshav siab (qhov no, koj yuav tsum tam sim ntawd.txwv tsis pub noj), nce plawv dhia, kiv taub hau, tsis muaj zog thiab xeev siab.

Tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog sodium nitroprusside

Ntxiv rau kev muab cov txiaj ntsig kho mob, cov tshuaj sodium nitroprusside yog siv hauv tshuaj lom neeg. Yog tias nws tau tov nrog ketone lub cev (acetone) thiab muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw alkaline, kev hloov xim zoo nkauj ntawm qhov sib xyaw no tuaj yeem pom. Rau cov kev hloov pauv zoo li no, 4 lub raj tshuaj siv tau siv. Tsuas yog 1 cov khoom raug muab tso rau hauv txhua qhov - sodium nitroprusside, acetone, alkali, acetic acid. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, lub resulting tov tau txais ib tug kaj txiv kab ntxwv-liab hue. Cov tshuaj no yog tom qab ntawd diluted nrog acetic acid. Cov xim hloov dua, lub sijhawm no cov kua yuav tsaus liab lossis ntshav.

tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog sodium nitroprusside
tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog sodium nitroprusside

Tshuaj "Nitrorusside sodium": cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Yuav kom muab tshuaj, koj yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Tam sim ntawd ua ntej pib infusion ntawm cov tshuaj, nws yuav tsum tau diluted nyob rau hauv 5% qabzib tov. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, 1 ampoule ntawm cov tshuaj tau kos rau hauv lub koob txhaj tshuaj thiab diluted hauv 5 ml ntawm cov kua. Cov txiaj ntsig sib xyaw yog txhaj rau hauv lub vial nrog 5% qabzib kom yaj dua. Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau xaiv. Nws txawv ntawm 0.3 mus rau 8 mcg rau 1 kg ntawm lub cev hnyav. Kev txhaj tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm qhov system. Nws yuav tsum tau pib nrog ib koob me me, maj mam nce nws nyob rau hauv kev tswj ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb (BP, lub plawv dhia, mem tes). Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj kev txaus siab ntawm 2.5-3 mcg / kg ib feeb. Dosage nyob ntawmlub sijhawm tswj hwm tshuaj. Nrog rau kev ua kom ntev ntev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los saib xyuas qib ntawm cyanide uas muaj sodium nitroprusside hauv cov tshuaj. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj yuav tsum ua raws li nruj me ntsis.

Sodium nitroprusside hmoov
Sodium nitroprusside hmoov

Kev sib tham nrog lwm yam tshuaj

Kev siv tshuaj thiab lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav siab tsis pom zoo, vim tias lub xeev ntawm kev poob siab tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Koj yuav tsum paub tias kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj txo qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj. Thaum sib txuas cov tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj "Dobutamine", nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus neeg mob cov cim tseem ceeb (tej zaum yuav txo qis, cuam tshuam hauv cov hlab ntsws ntawm lub ntsws, nrog rau kev nce siab hauv cov zis)..

Pom zoo: