Aortoarteritis nonspecific: cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

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Aortoarteritis nonspecific: cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Aortoarteritis nonspecific: cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Aortoarteritis nonspecific: cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Aortoarteritis nonspecific: cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
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Tam sim no, muaj ntau yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov kabmob sib txawv thiab lub cev ntawm lub cev. Tab sis ntawm lawv muaj cov neeg nyiam xaiv cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ib qho kev sib deev. Hauv peb tsab xov xwm, peb yuav paub txog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob no - qhov no yog aortoarteritis nonspecific, los ntawm cov poj niam txiv neej feem ntau raug kev txom nyem, thiab thaum tseem hluas. Tus kab mob no feem ntau kuaj tau hauv cov tebchaws Esxias. Wb saib qhov ua rau nws tshwm sim, cov tsos mob, thiab nyob rau hauv txoj kev sib tham seb nws puas muaj peev xwm tiv nrog no pathology.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob

Tsis yog mob aortoarteritis yog ib yam kab mob ntawm cov kab mob rheumatic, uas nyob rau sab hauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab lawv cov ceg raug cuam tshuam. Yog tias cov txheej txheem inflammatory tshwm sim, cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thicken, cov leeg nqaij tawv pib tawg thiab hloov los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab granulomas tshwm hauv cov hlab ntsha, muaj cov hlwb loj.

aortoarteritis tsis tshwj xeeb
aortoarteritis tsis tshwj xeeb

Raws li cov txheej txheem no, cov hlab ntsha nthuav dav thiab protrudes, aneurysm tsim. Yog tias cov txheej txheem tsis nres, ces txhua yam xaus nrog kev tuag ntawm elastic fibers ntawm cov nqaij leeg du. Cov kabmob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg pib raug kev txom nyem vim yog cov ntshav tsis txaus. Hauv cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm cov kab mob, txhua tus kab mob muaj nws tus kheej cov cai, cov kab mob aortoarteritis tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb. ICD muab nws tus lej M31.4 (aortic arch syndrome).

Kev txhim kho kab mob

Txog hnub no, cov laj thawj uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob no tsis tau tsim. Feem ntau cov kws tshawb fawb uas cuam tshuam txog qhov teeb meem no yog kev xav tias kev kis kab mob ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov no, uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov kev xav no tau tsim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias qhov tsis tshwj xeeb aortoarteritis feem ntau ua ke nrog cov kab mob raws li kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Tam sim no muaj ib pab pawg kws tshawb fawb uas tau tso siab rau txoj kev xav ntawm autoimmune txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob. Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm kev tshawb pom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv aortic hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov neeg mob.

Nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias tus kabmob autoimmune ntawm tus kabmob tuaj yeem lees paub, tab sis txawm tias nws yog thawj lossis tshwm sim los teb rau cov txheej txheem inflammatory tseem nyuaj hais.

Kev faib kab mob

Aortoarteritis nonspecific muaj ntau hom nyob ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam:

  1. Thawj hom - hauv qhov no, tsuas yog lub aortic koov thiab cov ceg me uas txuas ntawm nws tau cuam tshuam.
  2. Hom thib ob cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha hauv thaj chaw thoracic thiab plab.
  3. Thib Peb - lub aortic koov raug cuam tshuam nrog rau thaj chaw thoracic thiab plab.
  4. Plaub yog yam ntxwv ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha pulmonary.

Txawm hais tias tus qauv uas tsis yog tshwj xeeb aortoarteritis (Takayasu tus kab mob) txhim kho, kev tsis taus hem cov neeg mob ntau zaus. Tshwj xeeb yog tias kev kuaj mob lig dhau lawm.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob

Tsis yog mob aortoarteritis muaj cov tsos mob sib txawv, txhua yam nyob ntawm tus kab mob. Takayasu tus kab mob tuaj yeem muaj qhov mob ntev thiab mob hnyav.

Lub sijhawm mob hnyav yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  • Kev qaug zog.
  • Thaum kev tawm dag zog ua rau mob nqaij thiab pob qij txha.
  • Hemorrhagic rash tshwm.
  • Erythema nodosum txhim kho.
  • Txoj kev cia siab ntawm lub siab nthuav dav.
  • Systolic thiab qee zaum diastolic yws tshwm.
  • mob plab tsis tshua tshwm sim.
  • Yog tias kuaj tau ua tiav, lawv pom tias muaj ntshav tsis txaus, muaj C-reactive protein.

Ntau zaus cov tsos mob no tau kuaj pom tsis raug raws li "rheumatoid mob caj dab", "tuberculosis" lossis "sepsis". Qhov no hmoov tsis zoo tshwm sim 95% ntawm lub sijhawm.

Cov tsos mob ntawm aortoarteritis nonspecific
Cov tsos mob ntawm aortoarteritis nonspecific

Hmoob tus kab mob mus ntev

Yog tias kev ntsuas tsis tau zoo los ntawm thawj theem ntawm kev txhim kho tus kab mob los kho nws, tom qab ntawd cov kab mob yuav dhau mus ntev.theem. Cov tsos mob twb txawv ntawm cov nyob rau theem mob:

  • Virtually tsis mem tes ntawm ib sab caj npab, qee zaum ob leeg.
  • Cov neeg mob feem ntau yws txog qhov mob ntawm caj dab, uas tsuas yog nce nrog kev nce ntxiv.
  • Tes ua tsis muaj zog, tib neeg muaj teeb meem tuav khoom.
  • kiv taub hau ntau zaus, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis nco qab.
  • Thaum mus ntsib kws kho mob ophthalmologist, kuaj pom qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov nyiaj.
  • Vim tias cov hlab ntsha coronary feem ntau koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem, kev tawm tsam ischemic tuaj yeem pom.
  • Thaum lub plab aorta raug cuam tshuam, lub raum pib mob.
  • Cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm kev mloog, nco, kev ua haujlwm qis.
  • Yog cov paj hlwb raug cuam tshuam, tsis pom kev raug mob, pom ob lub qhov muag, qhov muag tsis pom kev tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
  • Kev koom tes ntawm cov hlab ntsha pulmonary ua rau ua tsis taus pa thiab mob hauv siab.
  • Tes pob qij txha raug kev txom nyem.
  • Nrog rau qhov tsis tshwj xeeb aortoarteritis, kev sib kis ntawm cov txheej txheem pib nrog cov hlab ntsha loj, uas, raws li txoj cai, ua rau muaj kev nce ntshav siab vim vasoconstriction.

Feem ntau, qhov mob hnyav ntawm tus kab mob yuav mob ntev li ntawm 6-8 xyoo. Cov neeg mob yuav tsum ceev faj yog tias lawv raug tsim txom tas li los ntawm kev qaug zog, mob taub hau, mob raws li cov hlab ntsha loj, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab kev nco. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom tiav txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kuaj qhov tseeb.

nonspecific aortoarteritiskab mob keeb kwm
nonspecific aortoarteritiskab mob keeb kwm

Diagnosis

Yog xav tias tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb aortoarteritis, kev kuaj mob ntxov yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Tus kab mob no tau lees paub los ntawm kws kho mob yog tias muaj cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  • Yog tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntshav siab ntawm caj npab.
  • Pulse qaug zog lossis tsis hnov tsw.
  • Ntxhis claudication tshwm.
  • Auscultatory suab nrov hauv aorta.
  • Kev kuaj pom qhov nqaim ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
  • Aortic valve insufficiency.
  • Nyob rau hauv siab.
  • ESR nce vim tsis paub.

Kev kuaj mob zaum kawg yuav pab cov kev tshawb fawb hauv qab no:

  1. Kev kuaj ntshav biochemical yuav qhia qhov txawv txav ntawm cov ntshav uas yog yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob no.
  2. Kev kuaj xyuas cov hlab ntsha tso cai rau koj los ntsuas lawv tus mob thiab cov ntshav ntws.
  3. Angiography nrog kev qhia txog tus neeg sawv cev sib txawv qhia txog qhov nqaim ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
  4. Lub hauv siab X-ray qhia qhov chaw ntawm aorta thiab pulmonary artery lesions.
  5. Echocardiography yuav ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab.
  6. Electroencephalography tuaj yeem kuaj pom qhov txawv txav hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub hlwb.

Yog li, rau txhua yam kab mob, suav nrog xws li mob aortoarteritis tsis tshwj xeeb, keeb kwm kev kho mob pib nrog kev kuaj xyuas tiav, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kuaj mob kom raug.

nonspecific aortoarteritis thaum ntxov diagnosis
nonspecific aortoarteritis thaum ntxov diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev thaum ua kev kuaj mob kom sib txawv aortoarteritis los ntawm congenital anomalies ntawm vascular system thiab thromboembolism. Cov tom kawg yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev mob hnyav nrog qhov ua tau ntawm cov ntshav txhaws hauv cov kab noj hniav ntawm cov leeg plawv.

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm qhov txawv yog qhov uas tsis yog mob aortoarteritis cuam tshuam rau pawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thaum qee cov hlab ntsha raug kev txom nyem los ntawm congenital anomalies.

Yog tias koj vam khom cov hlab ntsha renovascular thaum kuaj pom, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nws tuaj yeem txhim kho nrog atherosclerosis ntawm lub raum hlab ntsha. Yog hais tias tsis yog tshwj xeeb aortoarteritis tshwm sim hauv cov poj niam hluas, ces atherosclerosis cuam tshuam rau cov txiv neej laus.

Tsuas yog kev kuaj ua tiav thiab tus kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb yuav pab kuaj xyuas kom raug thiab pib kho tau zoo.

Kev kho mob syndromes thaum lub sij hawm pathology

Vim tias nrog cov kab mob no, ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas muab cov ntshav rau hauv nruab nrog cev tuaj yeem cuam tshuam, ntau qhov kev kho mob tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:

  1. Peripheral blood flow insufficiency syndrome. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov mob ntawm tes nrog kev hnov mob ntawm cov ntiv tes raug pom. Yog tias cov hlab ntsha vertebral raug cuam tshuam, ces qhov mob tshwm sim tom qab.
  2. Cov kab mob plawv - cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Cov tsos mob ntawm myocarditis, ischemia tuaj yeem kuaj tau.
  3. Yog hais tias lub aortic koov raug cuam tshuam, ces cerebrovascular syndrome tshwm sim. Manifested los ntawm mob taub hau, txopom kev, mob hlab ntsha tawg.
  4. Abdominal syndrome yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov mob hauv plab, uas muaj tus cwj pwm paroxysmal. Qhov kev tshwm sim no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob ntawm lub plab aorta.
  5. Hypertension syndrome - tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub raum cov hlab ntsha.
Kev kuaj mob aortoarteritis nonspecific
Kev kuaj mob aortoarteritis nonspecific

Kev kho mob

Yog tias kuaj pom tus kab mob aortoarteritis tsis tshwj xeeb, hu rau kev kho mob:

  1. Tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau kev mob siab rau, yog tias ua tau, txo qis kom tsawg.
  2. Kev tawm tsam ischemic teeb meem.
  3. Tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm arterial hypertension.

Yuav ua li cas yog tias ib tug neeg muaj mob aortoarteritis tsis tshwj xeeb? Kev kuaj mob tau ua tiav, cov kev sim tau dhau los, txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij yog tsim kom muaj kev kho mob. Kev kho yuav ua tau raws li hauv qab no:

  • Medical.
  • Kev cuam tshuam kev phais.

Cia peb xav txog cov lus qhia thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua qhov kev xaiv.

Kev kho mob nrog tshuaj

Tshuaj rau aortoarteritis yog sau rau hauv tus account qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm inflammatory txheej txheem. Cov tshuaj kws tshaj lij tshaj plaws yog:

  • "Prednisolone" hauv qhov ntau ntawm 1-2 mg ib kilogram ntawm tus neeg mob qhov hnyav. Kev txais tos yog nqa tawm 1-2 lub hlis.
  • Yog tias qhov mob tsis muaj zog, ces noj cov tshuaj aminoquinoline, piv txwv li, Delagila 0.25 g txhua.
  • Kev kho mob yooj yim yog ua raws li kev siv "Methotrexate". Qhov koob tshuaj yog 7-10 mg ib squaremeter ntawm lub cev nto. Txais tos - ib zaug ib lub lim tiam.
  • Cov tshuaj pab yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj mob plawv thiab tshuaj txo cov ntshav siab.

Tshuaj kho mob mus sij hawm ntev, yog tias tsis muaj kev txhim kho lossis muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ceg, lub hlwb, nws raug nquahu kom siv kev phais.

Kev kho mob aortoarteritis nonspecific
Kev kho mob aortoarteritis nonspecific

kev kho mob phais

Yog tias txoj kev kho kom zoo tsis pab, thiab qhov xwm txheej tsuas yog hnyav zuj zus, koj yuav tau mus rau kev pab ntawm cov kws phais. Kev phais yuav pab kho cov ntshav rov qab mus rau lub cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias cov txheej txheem inflammatory yuav tsum tau nres ua ntej lub lag luam. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm txoj kev kho no:

  • YEndarterectomy. Ua nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cais segmental occlusions ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas ceg ncaj qha los ntawm lub aorta.
  • Agnioplasty yog ua yog tias muaj ib qho kev hloov pauv hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob lub raum.
  • Bypass yog ua los ntawm kev siv hluavtaws vascular prostheses. Qhov kev cuam tshuam zoo li no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv ntau qhov mob vascular.

Tom qab kev phais, lub sijhawm kho kom rov zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb, ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo.

nonspecific aortoarteritis
nonspecific aortoarteritis

Qhia rau cov neeg mob

Peb tau pom tias qhov mob aortoarteritis tsis yog dab tsi, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob kuj tau txiav txim siab, tab sis nws tseem ceeb sib npaug rau cov neeg mob saib xyuascov lus qhia hauv qab no:

  1. Txhua tus neeg mob yuav tsum paub tias kev kho tus kab mob no yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm thiab ua raws li txhua tus kws kho mob cov tshuaj.
  2. Koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev tswj hwm thiab kev noj tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob tau qhia.
  3. Vim tias ntau cov tshuaj tau noj thaum lub sijhawm kho, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim ntau yam tsis zoo. Yuav kom txo tau lawv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau mus kuaj thiab ua cov ntawv xeem.
  4. Yog tias tus mob hnyav dua, koj yuav tsum ceeb toom rau tus kws tshaj lij.

Yog koj ua raws li cov lus qhia no, kev kho tus kab mob yuav ua tau zoo dua.

Kev ntsuas rau cov neeg mob

Hmoov tsis zoo, nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob aortoarteritis uas tsis yog tshwj xeeb, tab sis yog tias tag nrho cov kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo thiab kev kho tshuaj zoo tau ua tiav, theem kev tshem tawm tuaj yeem ua tiav. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov neeg mob mus txog lawv cov kev ua ub no ib txwm ua thiab tsis txhob mob.

Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory thiab muaj cov teeb meem, thiab qhov no twb cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tseeb thiab ceev ntawm kev kuaj mob. Txhawm rau kom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho kom zoo, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kuaj pom tus kab mob nyob rau theem pib.

Tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb.

Txhua yam kab mob yuav tsum muaj txoj hauv kev loj, tib txoj hauv kev kom ua tiav qhov kev txhim kho ntawm tus mob lossis txawm kov yeej tus kab mob. Saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua - txoj hauv kev no koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov kab mob hauv cov theem pib thiab xaiv txoj kev kho kom zoo.

Pom zoo: