Cov kab mob oncological, hmoov tsis, muaj ntau haiv neeg. Tab sis puas muaj mob qog noj ntshav? Raws li txoj cai, hom no tsis tuaj yeem nyob, vim cov plaub hau thiab ntaub plaub yog qhov teeb meem tuag. Tab sis muaj cov qog nqaij hlav uas cuam tshuam rau tawv taub hau. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lawv txaus ntshai, lawv tsis yog inferior mus rau lwm yam qog localizations. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav nthuav qhia cov laj thawj rau lawv tsim, ceeb toom cov tsos mob, ntau yam ntawm tus kab mob, txoj kev kuaj mob thiab kho.
Qhov no yog dab tsi?
mob qog noj ntshav plaub hau yog lub npe yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem oncological uas cuam tshuam rau cov tawv nqaij noj qab haus huv hauv qab tawv taub hau.
Kuv yuav tsum hais tias pathology feem ntau cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw qhib ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog kwv yees li 5% ntawm tag nrho cov teeb meem uas tau txheeb xyuas yuav yog cov hom no. Pawg pheej hmoo ntawm no suav hais tias yog cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog siab tshaj (tshaj 50).
hom mob qog nqaij hlav tawv nqaij
Yog li, mob qog noj ntshav plaub hau yog hom mob qog noj ntshav uas cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Hom no yuav suav nrog ntau hom qog:
- Squamous. Nws tsim los ntawm keratinocytes (squamous cells). Raucov qog ua cim siab ntawm kev loj hlob thiab metastasis. Nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov mucous daim nyias nyias nkag mus rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no yog homogeneous compacted tsim uas tshwm nyob rau saum npoo los yog nyob rau hauv lub thickness ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov qog khaus khaus, mob vim kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov epidermis.
- Basal cell. Hais txog kab mob qog noj ntshav, lawv feem ntau txhais tau tias tsuas yog qog nqaij hlav xwb. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nce qib qeeb, tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem. Nws tsim nyob rau hauv qhov sib sib zog nqus khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm lub epithelium, raws li nws loj hlob, nws kuj muaj feem xyuam rau lub nto integuments. Outwardly - ib tug me me flaky foob. Hauv daim duab mob qog noj ntshav koj tuaj yeem pom nws zoo li cas.
- qog ntawm daim tawv nqaij appendages. Nws tsim los ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas. Nws zoo li cov pob liab liab los yog xiav. Raws li nws loj tuaj, nws hloov mus ua rwj, hauv qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm daim tawv nqaij tshwm sim.
- Melanomas Qhov no yog malignant degeneration ntawm pigmented chaw los yog mole. Xws li tuaj yeem pom ntawm tawv taub hau. Qhov tshwm sim txaus ntshai uas tshwm sim los ntawm metastasis sai thiab germination hauv daim tawv nqaij.
Cia peb saib kom ze rau qhov txheeb xyuas ntau yam hu ua mob qog noj ntshav.
Basal cell qog
Basalioma yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tsim kho zoo thiab phem. Tsis metastasize los ntawm nws tus kheej.
Cov qog no muab faib ua ntau yam:
- Paj. Ib tug txawv feature yog ib tug tsis muaj zog qhia localization ntawm neoplasm. Muaj peev xwm loj hlob ntawm ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij hauv qab cov plaub hau, ua rau lawv tuag.
- Nodular. Nws muaj cov contours meej thiab siab ceev. Qhov phom sij nyob hauv qhov loj hlob hauv daim tawv nqaij.
- Ntog. Feem ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav no tsis meej pem nrog cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm tawv taub hau. Nws tsuas cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij xwb, tsis ua rau lub cell tuag, tsis nkag mus tob rau hauv cov epidermis.
Oncologists kuj faib cov neoplasm ua ob peb chav:
- Ntog. Cov qog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nodule yuav nyob saum daim tawv nqaij. Outwardly, nws zoo li lub voj voog tiaj tus, cov quav hniav ntawm cov xim daj. Txawm hais tias nws loj hlob qeeb, nws ua rau nws tus kheej hnov txog thaum ntxov - ib tug neeg xav tias khaus, tingling, thiab lwm yam tsis xis nyob hauv nws qhov chaw. Cov tsos mob nce ntxiv thaum mob qog noj ntshav. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, melanoma pib tev tawm, cuam tshuam los ntawm kev yaig.
- Kev nkag mus. Loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tsis muaj qhov chaw meej.
- Papillary. Nyob rau hauv tsos, xws li qog nqaij hlav cancer yog yooj yim tsis meej pem nrog papilloma - nws zoo li lub pob (muaj lub hauv paus dav), so ntawm ib txhais ceg. Tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nce qib sai.
- tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov caws pliav ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Kev tshwm sim
Muaj peev xwm ua rau mob qog noj ntshav plaub hau (mob qog noj ntshav hauv qab cov plaub hau) yog cov hauv qab no:
- Ntev raug tshav ntuj ncaj qha (ultraviolet thiab kub kub). Qhov no yog ib qho kev taug kev tsis muaj lub taub hau hauv qab lub hnub ci ntsa iab. Ua rau ob qho tib si melanoma thiabbasal cell qog.
- Ionizing hluav taws xob, cuam tshuam ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ncaj qha. Qhov muaj feem ntau ntawm kev tsim cov kev kawm no haunts cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob txaus ntshai, cov neeg muaj txoj sia nyob ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm nuclear reactors, thiab cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev kho hluav taws xob.
- Kev raug cov plaub hau tas li, tawv taub hau ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg nruj heev. Cov tom kawg tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov plaub hau tsis zoo dyes thiab brighteners, kev tu cev thiab kev npaj kom zoo nkauj. Nicotine, arsenic, carcinogens yog qhov ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.
- Kev raug mob ntawm tawv taub hau. Raws li peb twb tau hais lawm, melanoma feem ntau tsim ntawm nti. Kev puas tsuaj tas mus li ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev degeneration ntawm cov hlwb epidermal mus rau cov kab mob malignant.
- kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tshwj xeeb, mob dermatitis.
- Hereditary factors.
- Txo kev tiv thaiv.
- Kev kho mob mus sij hawm ntev nrog immunostimulating thiab tshuaj hormonal.
Txhob Cia Siab
Cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv qab cov plaub hau:
- hom tawv nqaij tawv.
- Ntau cov moles ntawm lub cev. Kev raug mob rau cov cim no feem ntau ua rau degeneration mus rau malignant melanoma. Muab cov plaub hau, nws yooj yim rau imperceptibly puas mole nyob rau hauv lawv nruab nrab.
- Kev cuam tshuam hauv endocrine system.
- Kev raug mob ib yam ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Bowen's disease, Paget's disease.
pib kos npe
Cov cim ceeb toom thawj zaug ntawm mob qog noj ntshav yog raws li hauv qab no:
- NW nyuam qhuav pom cov pob liab liab-xim daj. Tsis txhob cais lawv tus kheej los ntawm lwm cov tsos mob.
- Moles ntawm tawv taub hau nce, hloov lawv cov duab, pib tawg thiab tev tawm. Ntshav, hnoos qeev tuaj yeem tso tawm ntawm lawv.
- Ib qho tsim zoo ib yam li pob, cov quav hniav tshwm rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij hauv qab cov plaub hau.
- poob phaus tsis tsim nyog.
Puas yog cov plaub hau poob nrog mob qog noj ntshav? Cov tsos mob zoo li no tsis qhia txog kev tsim cov qog nqaij hlav, vim tias qhov no ntawm daim tawv nqaij hauv qab cov plaub hau raug cuam tshuam, thiab tsis yog cov hauv paus plaub hau.
Cov cim qhia ntawm kev txhim kho pathology
Kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov plaub hau qhia nws tus kheej li no:
- Qhov chaw cuam tshuam ntawm daim tawv nqaij sib piv nrog cov xim zoo nkauj. Nws tuaj yeem yog xiav, daj.
- Kev kawm mob, mob.
- Kev puas tsuaj me, daim tawv nqaij tawg thiab los ntshav.
- Sudden unexplained poob phaus.
Diagnosis
txhawm rau kuaj tus kab mob yog qhov muaj cai ntawm tus kws tshaj lij oncologist. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, tus kws kho mob sau cov anamnesis - tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob cov lus tsis txaus siab, ua qhov kev kuaj pom, palpates tsim nyob rau hauv cov plaub hau tuab.
Yuav kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, tus neeg mob raug xa mus kuaj kuaj - kuaj ntshav kuaj ntshav. Qhov no yog noj ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg cuam tshuam. Cov kab mob ntawm cov hlwb raug soj ntsuam, theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev kawm.
Dav siv tau thiabCov txheej txheem kho vajtse:
- xam tomography;
- radioisotope diagnostic method;
- ultrasound;
- sonography;
- X-ray kev kuaj.
cov lus qhia kho mob
Tom qab ua qhov kev kuaj mob, lees paub qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov tsim, tus neeg mob tau sau ib hom kev kho mob:
- Kev kho hluav taws xob. Pab tshem tawm squamous cell carcinoma. Feem ntau, kaw-focus irradiation yog siv rau cov hom phiaj no. Txaus siab rau cov txheej txheem - 97% ntawm cov neeg mob.
- Kev tshem tawm. Niaj hnub no nws yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los daws cov tawv nqaij neoplasms, vim nws tso cai rau koj kom tshem tawm lawv tag nrho. Qhov no yog qhov kev txiav tawm ntawm cov teeb meem pathologically hloov pauv, ua raws li kev siv tshuaj loog.
- Cryoprocedures. Lub neoplasm yog khov rau hauv cov kua nitrogen. Lub teb ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam no raug puas tsuaj. Siv tau rau cov qog nqaij hlav sab nraud.
- Electrocoagulation. Hauv qhov no, cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav raug puas tsuaj los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob rau lawv.
Ntxiv thiab, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob, tus neeg mob tau muab cov lus hauv qab no:
- YVitamin therapy.
- Tsim kev noj zaub mov kom zoo.
- noj tshuaj. Tshwj xeeb, cov nyiaj pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv tom qab kho.
- Cov lus pom zoo: kom tsis txhob raug tshav ntuj ncaj qha, hnav lub kaus mom, siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv UV.
plaub hau poob vim mob qog noj ntshav
Peb kuj tseem nco ntsoov qhov tseeb tias nrog ib daim ntawv sib txawv thiab thaj chaw ntawm tus kab mob, alopecia tuaj yeem ua tau. Vim li cas cov plaub hau poob tawm hauv mob qog noj ntshav? Nws tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau tus kab mob nws tus kheej. Alopecia nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav muaj kev phiv ntawm kev kho mob - chemotherapy. Tus neeg mob tau txhaj tshuaj muaj tshuaj lom heev uas tuaj yeem rhuav tshem tag nrho cov hlwb hauv lub cev. Qhov no yog qhov mob qog noj ntshav.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlwb ntawm cov hauv paus plaub hau, cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov ntswg, qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, kab mob plab, thiab cov kab mob hematopoietic kuj suav tias yog kev faib tawm sai. Yog li ntawd, lawv kuj raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov tshuaj chemotherapy. Yog li ntawd, nrog mob qog noj ntshav, cov plaub hau poob tawm, cov rau tes ua nkig, ib tus neeg tuaj yeem tsim stomatitis, kab mob hauv plab. Tab sis alopecia yuav nrog tsuas yog ib chav kawm ntawm chemotherapy. Thaum tus neeg mob ua tiav kev kho mob, nws cov plaub hau tom qab mob qog noj ntshav pib loj hlob thiab rov zoo.
Thiab lwm lo lus nug nrov. Koj puas tuaj yeem zas koj cov plaub hau yog tias koj muaj mob qog noj ntshav? Yog tias tus kab mob tsis hais txog kev kho tshuaj khomob, ces qhov kev hloov pauv zoo li no yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob tus mob li cas. Nrog rau kev qhia txog cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj tshuaj lom heev, nws yog qhov zoo dua kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov plaub hau ib zaug ntxiv - ntxuav nws nrog tshuaj zawv plaub hau, zuag nws nrog cov zuag muag muag, tsis txhob mus rau styling thiab xim. Dyes thiab brighteners nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej yog ib qho kev sim rau cov plaub hau. Thiab rau cov uas tsis muaj zog los ntawm kev siv tshuaj khomob, lawv yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo tshaj plaws.
Txawm tias ceev faj tus cwj pwm, hmoov tsis, tsis tas yuav tso cai rau koj txuag cov plaub hau qub. Cov plaub haupoob tawm, nyias tawm, ua npub, nkig, qhuav. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg mob uas tau txais tshuaj khomob xav kom txiav plaub hau luv luv lossis chais plaub hau tag nrho. Rau lub sijhawm rov qab los, wigs tau npaj, haum headgear.
Kuv yuav tsum hais tias nyob rau hauv 95% ntawm cov neeg mob, mob qog noj ntshav (epidermis nyob rau hauv cov plaub hau) nyob rau hauv thawj theem yog kho kom zoo. Tsuas yog 3% ntawm cov neeg mob rov qab los tom qab ob peb xyoos. Kev kho dua tshiab tau pab tiv thaiv kev rov qab los ntawm tus kab mob hauv 86% ntawm cov neeg mob. Yog tias txoj kev kho tau pib nrog cov qog nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tus cwj pwm los ntawm metastasis sai, qhov feem pua ntawm tag nrho rov qab los ntawm 25%. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tuag yog 5%.
