Fracture is Pob txha pob txha: hom, tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kev pab thawj zaug

Cov txheej txheem:

Fracture is Pob txha pob txha: hom, tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kev pab thawj zaug
Fracture is Pob txha pob txha: hom, tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kev pab thawj zaug

Video: Fracture is Pob txha pob txha: hom, tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kev pab thawj zaug

Video: Fracture is Pob txha pob txha: hom, tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kev pab thawj zaug
Video: Mob Kab Ntsws MDR TB 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg niaj hnub no muaj ntau txoj kev sib txawv ntawm qhov uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm, hais, cov neeg nyob nruab nrab hnub nyoog. Txawm li cas los xij, xws li cov xwm txheej xws li kev raug mob, uas suav nrog bruises, sprains thiab pob txha, tseem tshwm sim. Kab lus no yog hais txog pob txha pob txha. Hauv nws, peb yuav sim piav qhia luv luv txog cov laj thawj ntawm lawv cov tsos, nrog rau hom tseem ceeb.

Kev txhais cov pob txha pob txha hauv tshuaj

Ua ntej tshaj, nws tsim nyog nkag siab tias pob txha yog dab tsi? Dab tsi yog suav nrog hauv lub tswv yim ntawm "pob txha" ntawm cov kws tshaj lij? Hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, pob txha pob txha muaj xws li kev raug mob uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pob txha ntawm tib neeg pob txha. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, lo lus no suab zoo li no: ib tug tawg yog ib tug tag nrho los yog ib feem kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pob txha raws li ib tug tib, monolithic fragment ntawm lub cev, kev ua txhaum ntawm nws kev ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob thaum cov kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim ntau tshaj nws lub zog.

tawg nws
tawg nws

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas pob txha tuaj yeem tawg, cov kws tshaj lij suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

  1. Kev raug mob, thaum lub sij hawm uas muaj zog squeezing tag nrho saum npoo ntawm cov pob txha los yog ib tug taw tes rau nws ntawm ib tug high degree ntawm kev siv.
  2. Kev nyuaj siab-pob txha, uas yog cov kab mob microtrauma rau ib qho kev sib koom tes lossis pob txha.
  3. Kab mob uas ua rau txo qis lub zog ntawm tag nrho cov pob txha lossis cov pob txha ntawm tus kheej.

Raws li kev txheeb cais, feem ntau cov pob txha ntawm tib neeg yog cov pob txha: caj npab thiab txhais ceg. Qhov thib ob yog rib fractures. Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pob txha ntawm pob txha taub hau thiab vertebral kem tsawg kawg yog sau tseg.

Nyob fractures

Yog li, peb tig mus rau lwm qhov, tsis muaj qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb, uas cuam tshuam txog qhov tshwm sim zoo li pob txha. Hom kev raug mob no, nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau ua rau lawv, muab faib ua ntau hom. Ua ntej, pob txha yuav kis tau thiab congenital, traumatic thiab pathological. Kev puas tsuaj feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntog, tshuab thiab lwm yam cuam tshuam rau lub cev pob txha. Pathological fractures tuaj yeem tshwm sim txawm tias nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw so ntawm cov kab mob xws li osteomyelitis, osteogenesis imperfecta, Paget's kab mob, osteoporosis thiab lwm yam.

Vim tias pob txha yog qhov raug mob feem ntau, nws muaj ob hom, nyob ntawm seb cov ntaub so ntswg puas nyob ib puag ncig cov pob txha. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug rupture ntawm cov nqaij fibers thiab daim tawv nqaij, peb tab tom tham txog ib tug qhib pob txha. Yog tias cov pob txha ntawm cov pob txha uas tau poob nws txoj kev ncaj ncees tsis ua rau daim tawv nqaij puas, ces xws li pob txha raug cais raws li kaw. Qhib pob txha, nyob rau hauv lem, muab faib ua thawj thiab theem nrab: thawj yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm ib tug loj qhov txhab nto nrog tso cov pob txha tawg mus rau sab nraud, rau lub thib ob - ib tug me me qhov txhab ntawm daim tawv nqaij tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug puncture ntawm daim tawv nqaij.cov pob txha ntawm sab hauv.

humerus tawg
humerus tawg

Qhov xwm txheej ntawm pob txha pob txha ntawm pob txha pob txha kuj tau ua rau ntau pawg pob txha pob txha: helical, oblique, transverse thiab longitudinal, tawg, tawg thiab comminuted, cuam tshuam, detachable thiab compression.

Piv txwv li, qhov tawg ntawm humerus lossis femur feem ntau yog oblique, transverse lossis longitudinal. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no yog vim cov qauv ntawm cov pob txha, nrog rau lawv qhov kev pheej hmoo siab ntxiv. Feem ntau ntawm kev raug mob ntawm extremities dislocation thiab pob txha tawg tshwm sim. Qhov tshwm sim no hauv cov tshuaj hu ua fracture-dislocation. Lawv feem ntau kuaj pom tias muaj kev raug mob ntawm lub duav pob qij txha, lub hauv caug, lub luj tshib thiab pob taws.

Cov tsos mob thiab cov cim qhia ntawm pob txha

Qhov pom ntawm pob txha pob txha tuaj yeem kuaj tau yooj yim. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov pob txha tsis zoo yog: mob ntse lossis npub, o ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob ib sab, kev txav mus los tsis zoo, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, kev tsim hematoma.

Kev tawg ntawm lub humerus lossis lub duav kuj tuaj yeem nrog cov tsos ntawm tus yam ntxwv protrusion thiab xiav ntiv tes. Thaum cov pob txha raug tshem tawm, ua kom luv luv ntawm cov ceg ceg raug pom, qhov pom ntawm qhov mob hnyav thaum sim txav nws. Thaum tus neeg mob muaj cov pob qij txha tawg, cov contours ntawm lub cev puas tsuaj yog smoothed, thiab pom o tshwm sim vim muaj cov ntshav ntau hauv nws. Qhib pob txha yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov txhab los ntshav qhia cov pob txha tawg.

limb fractures
limb fractures

Kev kuaj mob pob txha pob txha

Kev kuaj thawj zaugIb qho xwm txheej rau kev xav tias pob txha yog, tau kawg, kev kuaj sab nraud thiab palpation. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov tsos mob xws li qog nqaij hlav thiab qhov nce ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, nrog rau qhov tsis muaj peev xwm txav tau qhov raug mob ntawm lub cev.

Lub tswv yim meej tshaj plaws ntawm hom thiab hom pob txha tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev kuaj X-ray. Hom kev kuaj mob no tso cai rau koj los txiav txim qhov chaw ntawm cov pob txha tawg, lawv tus lej. Raws li txoj cai, x-rays raug coj mus rau hauv ob qhov kev kwv yees, vim qhov no yog qhov tso cai rau koj kom paub meej lossis tsis lees paub qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pob txha tawg.

pab thawj rau pob txha

tawg splint
tawg splint

Yog xav tias muaj pob txha tawg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov ceg tawv lossis lwm qhov chaw raug mob ntawm lub cev kom sai li sai tau siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb lossis txhais tau tias improvised. Lub splint nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug puas yuav tsum kho tsis tau tsuas yog ncaj qha nws, tab sis kuj nyob ze cov pob qij txha. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob overcompression ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov qhib pob txha, ib qho insulating (yog tias ua tau kom tsis muaj menyuam) hnav khaub ncaws rau lub qhov txhab.

mob hnyav tuaj yeem txo tau nrog tshuaj. Ib yam dab tsi txias yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw tawg: lub pob dej khov, lub raj mis dej, thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug tawg ntawm cov tav, tus neeg mob lub hauv siab yog bandaged rau exhalation nrog ib tug elastic khoom. Tom qab cov txheej txheem no, tus neeg raug tsim txom tuaj yeem raug thauj mus rau lub tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws.

Pom zoo: