Kev kuaj zis urinalysis yog ib qho ntawm cov kev kuaj mob uas yuav tsum tau kuaj. Cov txheej txheem niaj hnub tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab cov kua qaub ntawm cov zis, nws qhov tshwj xeeb lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, xim, concentration ntawm ntsev, qabzib, nrog rau qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj cov protein, cov qe ntshav liab thiab lwm yam cellular. Vim yog qhov xwm txheej physiological, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntshav hauv cov zis tuaj yeem dhau qhov kev tso cai. Hematuria nws tus kheej tsis yog ib qho kev kuaj mob, ib qho kev ceeb toom tshwm sim tsuas yog qhia tau hais tias muaj peev xwm pathologies ntawm genitourinary, hlab plawv, lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab lwm yam kabmob.
Kev faib tawm ntawm hematuria
Nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw los ntshav, muaj qhov pib, qhov kawg thiab tag nrho hematuria. Hauv thawj kis, erythrocytes hauv cov qauv kuaj pom tshwm sim thaum pib tso zis, piv txwv li tus neeg mob tau cuam tshuam nrog cov qog lossis kev raug mob ntawm cov urethra. Yog tias cov ntshav tsuas muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kawg ntawm cov zis, urolithiasis, mob hnyav lossis hemorrhagic cystitis ntawm lub ntsej muag. Tag nrho hematuria tshwm sim nrog kev puas tsuaj rau sab sauvurinary ib ntsuj av (parenchyma ntawm lub raum, nws calyces thiab pelvis, ureter).
Hematuria ntawm glomerular keeb kwm ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv morphology ntawm erythrocytes: lawv cov duab, qauv, qhov loj me yog cuam tshuam. Yog hais tias, vim cov ntshav to, lub cev liab yuav tsum tau kov yeej ib qho teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug qab daus daim nyias nyias ntawm glomerular capillaries, ces kuaj acanthocytes. Nrog postglomerular erythrocyturia, cov ntshav hauv cov zis kuaj pom tsis hloov, txij li cov hlab ntsha puas nyob tom qab glomerular lim.
Physiological norm
Hauv kev ncaj ncees, peb nco ntsoov tias hauv cov zis ntawm tus neeg laus noj qab haus huv lossis menyuam yaus, qee zaum muaj cov qe ntshav liab me me. Feem ntau, lawv cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 1-5 lub hlwb hauv kev pom ntawm lub tshuab tsom. Microhematuria thaum cev xeeb tub yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev ntawm leej niam leej niam thiab tsis tshua ceeb toom txog kev mob hnyav. Macrohematuria, ntawm qhov tod tes, tsis yog txhua yam tsis muaj teeb meem hauv keeb kwm. Kev tso tawm ntau ntawm cov qe ntshav mus rau hauv cov zis ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau tib neeg lub neej thiab yuav tsum muaj kev kuaj mob xwm txheej ceev thiab ntsuas kev kho mob.
daim duab kho mob
Hematuria feem ntau suav hais tias nyob rau hauv qhov txwv ntawm tus kab mob uas nws yog ib qho cim. Feem ntau muaj cov ntshav impurities nyob rau hauv cov zis yog nrog los ntawm subfebrile mob, nquag tso zis, dag ntxias kom khoob cov hnyuv. Vim qhov txhaws ntawm cov urethra nrog cov ntshav txhaws, cov zis tso zis tsis muaj zog thiab ua thinner, muaj cramps thiab kub hnyiab hauv cov zis. Mob hauv cheeb tsam lumbaryog mus tas li los yog tsis sib xws. Mob hnyav hematuria tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog: qaug zog, pallor ntawm daim tawv nqaij, suab nrov lossis lub suab nrov hauv pob ntseg, kiv taub hau.
ntsuas ntsuas
Kev kuaj mob thiab kho cov ntshav hauv cov zis yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob urologist. Nrog microhematuria, cov zis tsis pom cov xim liab / liab, feem ntau nws raug kuaj pom los ntawm lub sijhawm thaum kuaj niaj hnub. Thaum cov qe ntshav liab siab, muaj cov ntshav txhaws hauv cov zis yog pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Raws li txoj cai, tom qab kev soj ntsuam, kuaj lub cev ntawm tus neeg mob thiab kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm OAM, nws tau pom meej nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov zis qhov chaw ntawm qhov teeb meem lies.
Tsis paub meej txog kev tsim cov kab mob ntshav hauv cov zis tau teev tseg siv:
- Tau suav suav.
- kab lis kev cai ntawm cov zis.
- Ultrasound ntawm lub raum.
- Saib cov duab hluav taws xob ntawm lub raum.
- Excretory (kua leeg) urography.
- Phase contrast microscopy.
- Kev tshawb nrhiav vascular-platelet thiab coagulation hemostasis.
Hematuria yuav tsum paub qhov txawv ntawm urethrorrhagia. Nrog urethrorrhagia, cov ntshav los ntawm lub urethra yog tso tawm spontaneously, sab nraum lub tso zis tso zis. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam tsis tseeb hematuria nrog endometriosis ntawm lub zais zis.
Yuav ua rau hematuria
Erythrocytes nkag mus rau hauv cov zis los ntawm cov kab mob genitourinary sab hauv lossis sab nraud uas nyob ntawm txoj kev ntawm nws txoj kev txav mus los. Los ntawmRaws li kev txheeb cais, txhua tus txiv neej thib ob tom qab muaj hnub nyoog 45 xyoos tau ntsib nrog cov tsos mob ntawm prostatitis, tab sis tus kab mob no tsis tshua muaj qhov ua rau tso cov ntshav mus rau hauv cov zis ntawm nws tus kheej. Feem ntau o ntawm prostate caj pas los yog benign prostate adenoma yog ua ke nrog mob cystitis.
Cov poj niam yuav raug kuaj pom muaj hematuria ntau dua li cov txiv neej. Qhov tseeb no tau piav qhia los ntawm cov qauv anatomical ntawm cov poj niam lub plab hauv plab. Tshwj xeeb, qhov dav, luv luv urethra thiab nws qhov ze ze rau ntawm qhov chaw mos tsim cov kev mob zoo rau kev kis kab mob ntawm cov zis. Nrog postcoital cystitis, tseem hu ua "honeymoon syndrome", cov ntshav nyob rau hauv cov zis thiab mob nyob rau hauv lub plab mog tshwm sim tom qab intimacy. Thaum muaj kev sib deev, cov kab mob microflora nkag mus rau hauv cov zis, dhau sijhawm, cov kab mob kis mus rau lub zais zis mucosa.
Hematuria tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev raug mob rau cov urethra, ureter lossis raum cov qauv, los ntshav, thiab tseem:
- YUrolithiasis (UCD).
- YGlomerulonephritis.
- mob zais zis, urethritis.
- Gynecological ailments.
- kis kab mob ntawm cov kab mob urogenital (tuberculosis ntawm lub raum lossis urea, schistosomiasis, qee yam kab mob STDs).
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm oncopathology.
- kab mob vascular thiab autoimmune.
Qhov muaj cov kab mob xws li cov ntshav txhaws hauv cov zis qhia tau tias mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub raum. Vim qhov ntxhib ntomalignant los yog benign neoplasms yooj yim ua rau lub cev uas "tshem" lawv. Yog tias pom cov ntshav nyob hauv cov zis ntawm tus menyuam, nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas seb nws lub cev tsis zoo ntawm MPS.
False positives
Kev ntsuas nrawm nrawm muab cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo thaum muaj hemoglobin hauv cov zis, yog li cov kws kho mob urologist pom zoo kom kuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv hauv chav kuaj. Kev ua kom lub cev hnyav ua rau muaj kev nce ntshav siab, ua kom lub raum khiav, yog li provoking tso cov ntshav me me rau hauv cov zis. Cov poj niam yuav tsum tsis txhob tso cai kom lawv cov zis tso zis nrog cov kua dej ua rau lub cev.
Thaum kho nrog Furadonin, Aminophenazone, Ibuprofen, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Rifampicin, cov zis yuav liab lossis khaus txiv kab ntxwv, thiab cov neeg mob yuam kev koom nrog hematuria. Cov ntshav hauv cov zis hauv cov poj niam raug txiav txim siab tom qab siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mus ntev.
Traditional Medicine Methods
Etiotropic therapy ntawm hematuria yog txhawm rau tshem tawm cov hauv paus ua rau tso zis tawm xim. Yog li, pathologies ntawm autoimmune xwm yog kho nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab corticosteroids. Nrog rau cov kab mob urinary, cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yog hais tias qhov luaj li cas ntawm pob zeb nyob rau hauv lub raum, urethra los yog ureter tso cai rau koj tso siab rau kev tshem tawm tsis yog phais, ua ke cov neeg sawv cev yog siv uas yaj thiab tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm pob zeb tshiab. Cov txheej txheem yog yooj yim los ntawm antispasmodics los yog thermal txheej txheem (cua sov ncoo, da dej sov).
Thaum los ntshav hnyav, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hemorrhagic thiab cov tshuaj muaj hlau raug tshuaj:
- "Vikasol".
- "Dicinone".
- YAminocaproic acid.
- "Ferroplex".
- "Sorbifer Durules".
Yog tias tsim nyog, cov tshuaj txias ntawm aminocaproic acid yog nchuav rau hauv kab noj hniav ntawm lub zais zis los ntawm catheterization. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, tus neeg mob yuav xav tau kev hloov ntshav, yog li nws raug nquahu kom kho tag nrho hematuria hauv tsev kho mob.
Surgery
Urolithiasis nyhav asymptomatic kom txog thaum lub raum pob zeb loj tuaj thiab txhaws ntawm cov zis tshwm sim. Urological pathology yog nrog los ntawm hematuria thiab mob hnyav nyob rau hauv qis nraub qaum (lub raum colic). Yog tias urolithiasis tsis tuaj yeem kho nrog tshuaj, lawv mus rau ultrasonic crushing pob zeb lossis kev kho mob phais. Transurethral resection yog ua thaum cov ntshav tshwm nyob rau hauv cov zis vim muaj kev mob prostatic hyperplasia. Cov neoplasms me me hauv lub raum raug tshem tawm hauv cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv thaum khaws cia cov khoom nruab nrog cev.
Khoom noj khoom haus
Cov zis xim tsis zoo tsis tas yuav ceeb toom txog kev mob hnyav. Yog hais tias cov zaub mov yog dominated los ntawm zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog berries nrog colouring pigments (beets, blackberries, rhubarb, liab peppers, thiab lwm yam).thiab lwm yam), cov zis yuav ua rau ib ntus ntawm cov xim liab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj lwm yam deviations los ntawm tus qauv, xws li ib tug pos huab sediment, ua npuas ncauj los yog pungent tsw. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, ntuj los yog hluavtaws pigments pib loj heev ntxiv rau cov khoom, uas muab tso zis muaj kua, uas tsis yog-specific xim.
Kev noj zaub mov monotonous nyiam kev txhim kho hematuria. Kev noj haus rau urolithiasis yog ua raws li kev noj haus kom zoo. 1.5-2 litres dej ib hnub twg accelerates cov zis tawm, yog li stimulating lub excretion ntawm ntsev los ntawm lub cev thiab tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm crystals nyob rau hauv cov zis. Yog tias lub raum tsis ua haujlwm tsis zoo, suav nrog nqaij nyug siab, nqaij nyug, nqaij qaib thiab quail qe, nceb qhuav, seaweed, cocoa hauv cov ntawv qhia txhua hnub. Hlau yog absorbed zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm cov khoom tsiaj.
cov lus qhia dav dav
Ntshav hauv cov zis hauv cov txiv neej feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawm dag zog, lub zog lossis kev ua kis las. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug zoo so yuav tsis tau tsuas yog restore lub zog, tab sis kuj rov qab cov xim ntawm cov zis mus rau lub daj spectrum. Koj tuaj yeem zam cov kab mob postcoital cystitis los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob, siv cov hnab looj tes tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob. Hnav kom haum rau huab cua thiab xyaum ua tus kheej tu cev. Muaj cov neeg paub txog hematuria ntawm keeb kwm ntawm kev ua neej tsis zoo. Muab cov cwj pwm phem - haus cawv thiab haus luam yeeb ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Kev kho mob tactics rau hematuria ncaj qhanyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob hauv qab. Qhov tsis muaj kev kho mob tsis zoo tsis muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum-excretory, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab tseem ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov hlau deficiency anemia. Txoj kev organoleptic rau kev kuaj ntshav hauv cov zis muaj nws qhov tsis zoo, yog li koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ncua sijhawm mus ntsib lub tsev kho mob. Noj qab nyob zoo!
