Sigmoidoscopy yog ib qho kev kuaj mob endoscopic uas tso cai rau koj los ntsuas qhov pom ntawm qhov quav (qhov quav), nrog rau tshuaj xyuas lub qhov quav mucosa. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev kuaj RRS ua rau nws tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov distal sigmoid nyuv.
Kev qhia rau kev coj ua
Qhov kev siv tshuaj endoscopic no yog ua los kuaj xyuas cov kab mob hauv plab thiab kho lawv raws sijhawm. Raws li txoj cai, txoj kev tshawb fawb RRS tau qhia rau kev siv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas xav tias muaj kab mob oncological, nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, hnoos qeev los yog kua paug los ntawm txoj hnyuv, nyob rau hauv cov quav mob, thiab cov txheej txheem inflammatory nyob rau hauv lub qhov quav. Cov kev qhia rau qhov kev kuaj no kuj yog hemorrhoids, ib tug xav tias prostate qog nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej los yog oncology ntawm lub plab hnyuv siab raum nyob rau hauv cov poj niam. Tsis tas li ntawd, plab hnyuv RRS yog siv rau kev npaj yog tias xav tau lwm cov txheej txheem endoscopic (xws li barium enema lossis colonoscopy) xav tau. Nws tseem raug coj los kuaj mob rwj thiab polyps nrog rau qhov ua tau ntawm kev noj cov khoom siv rau kev kuaj mob microscopic.
Contraindications. Kev npaj tus neeg mob
RRS qhov quav tsis ua rau cov ntshav tawm ntau, yog tias muajKev coj khaub ncaws rau cov poj niam, nrog mob mob ntawm lub qhov quav lossis lub plab kab noj hniav, nrog rau qhov mob qhov quav, qhov ncauj los yog kis tau ntawm txoj hnyuv qis.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kuaj lub qhov quav endoscopically yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntxuav cov hnyuv los ntawm cov ntsiab lus.
Yog li, nyob rau hnub ua ntej ntawm qhov kev tswj hwm no, nws raug nquahu kom ua raws li qee yam kev noj haus. Cov neeg mob raug yuam kom cais tawm ntawm lawv cov zaub mov tshiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, qhob cij dub thiab legumes, zaub qhwv hauv txhua daim ntawv thiab lwm yam khoom noj uas ua rau flatulence (nce flatulence hauv cov hnyuv).
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum yav tsaus ntuj ua ntej kev ntsuam xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob thiab thaum sawv ntxov ntawm hnub kuaj, nws tsuas yog tso cai haus dej me me xwb (koj tuaj yeem haus dej tseem lossis tshuaj yej tsis muaj zog. nrog qab zib).
Tshuaj ntxuav plab nrog enema
Txhawm rau npaj rau sigmoidoscopy, yav tsaus ntuj ua ntej kev kuaj mob, koj yuav tsum tau ua 2 ntxuav enemas nrog lub sijhawm ntawm 15 feeb. Thaum sawv ntxov, lub plab zom mov no yuav tsum rov ua dua. Yog tias qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob tau teem sijhawm rau thawj ib nrab hnub, ces noj tshais yog txwv. Yog hais tias tus sigmoidoscopy yuav ua rau yav tav su, tus neeg mob tau tso cai noj tshais, tab sis ua ntej tawm hauv tsev, yuav tsum noj ib qho ntxiv.
Cia peb saib seb yuav ua li cas ntxuav cov hnyuv kom zoo, vim tias tsis muaj RRS qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no ua tsis tau.
rau tuavCleansing enema yuav tsum npaj Esmarch lub khob, roj av jelly, ib liter dej (nws kub yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 20 ° C) thiab ib tug tripod. Cov txheej txheem yog raws li nram no:
• sau lub kaw lus tom qab kuaj xyuas dej kub;
• dai Esmarch's mug rau ntawm lub tripod ntawm qhov siab tsis tshaj 30 cm ntawm tus neeg yuav tsum ntxuav cov hnyuv;
• Lub taub hau nrog Vaseline;
• peb muab tus neeg mob tso rau sab laug (cov ceg yuav tsum tau khoov ntawm lub hauv caug thiab nqa me ntsis rau hauv plab);
• kis lub pob tw thiab ntxig lub taub rau hauv qhov quav 3 cm ntawm lub dab teg thiab tom qab ntawd 10 cm sib npaug rau qaum;
• mam li qhib tus kais dej kom dej ntws mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv.
Yuav ua li cas ntxuav lub enema koj tus kheej?
Ua li no, koj yuav tsum ua lub hauv caug-lub luj tshib hauv chav dej, lean ntawm koj lub luj tshib, thiab ntxig lub taub rau hauv qhov quav nrog koj txhais tes dawb. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom qeeb thiab ua tib zoo. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum qhib lub kais dej ntawm Esmarch lub khob thiab qhia dej. Yog tias koj hnov mob, cov kua dej yuav tsum tau thaiv thiab tos me ntsis, ua pa sib npaug thiab ua rau lub plab.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tswj cov dej txhaj tshuaj (nws yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj ob litres). Txhawm rau ntxuav lub plab zoo dua, nws raug nquahu kom tuav cov kua dej tsawg kawg 10 feeb. Yog ua tau, koj tuaj yeem taug kev lossis pw ntawm koj lub plab.
Yog tias koj yuav tsum tso 2 qhov tshuaj ntxuav tes ib zaug, koj tuaj yeem so li 45 feeb ntawm lawv. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau kom paub tseeb tias cov dej ntxuav tau raug tshem tawm ntawm thawj qhov enema.
Rau qhov kev thov ntawm tus neeg mob, koj tuaj yeem siv cov microclysters tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, "Mikrolaks"). Lawv siv rectally. Pharmacological kev txiav txim yog pom tom qab 15 feeb.
Kev npaj rau sigmoidoscopy yam tsis muaj enemas
Ua li no, noj cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog. Feem ntau siv yog:
• "Fortrans". Nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj ua ntej kev kuaj mob, tus neeg mob yuav tsum haus 3 litres dej ntawm 5 teev tsaus ntuj txog 8 teev tsaus ntuj, uas 3 lub hnab ntawm cov tshuaj tau qhia ua ntej yuav tsum tau yaj. Kwv yees li ib liter ntawm kev daws yuav tsum tau noj ib teev. Tsis noj tshais thaum sawv ntxov.
• "Dufalak". Nyob rau ua ntej ntawm sigmoidoscopy, koj yuav tsum tau haus 2 liv dej ntawm 18 mus rau 20 teev, dissolving 200 ml ntawm cov dej qab zib qhia nyob rau hauv nws. Noj tshais rau hnub xeem kuj raug txwv.
• Fleet Phospho-soda. Yog tias qhov kev ntsuam xyuas RRS tau teem sijhawm rau thawj ib nrab hnub, tom qab ntawd thaum sawv ntxov ua ntej cov txheej txheem, es tsis txhob noj tshais, koj yuav tsum haus cov kua dej. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog tshuaj yej lossis kas fes, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo dawb, lossis cov dej qab zib uas tsis muaj carbonated. Tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv 100 ml ntawm dej txias nws yog tsim nyog los yaj ib sachet ntawm cov tshuaj thiab haus cov tshuaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog 2 khob dej txias. Es tsis txhob noj su, koj yuav tsum haus tsawg kawg 800 ml ntawm lub teeb kua, es tsis txhob noj hmo - lwm khob. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum haus ib lub hnab ntawm cov tshuaj ib yam li thaum sawv ntxov.
Txoj kev ntawm sigmoidoscopy
Txoj kev RRS tau ua nruj me ntsis ntawm lub plab khoob. Rau kev kuaj mob, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tshem tawmkhaub ncaws hauv qab ntawm lub duav thiab muab lub hauv caug-lub luj tshib txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub rooj zaum. Nrog mob hnyav hauv qhov quav, sigmoidoscopy yog ua nrog tshuaj loog hauv zos. Rau lub hom phiaj no, ib qho tshuaj pleev nrog dikain yog siv. Ib qho perianal thaiv tuaj yeem ua tau. Yog tias tsim nyog, siv tshuaj loog.
Tus kws kho mob maj mam qhia lub rectoscope rau hauv lub qhov quav thiab txav mus rau pem hauv ntej, muab cua nruab nrab, uas tso cai rau koj ua kom lub plab zom mov ncaj thiab pab txhawb kom pom kev zoo dua ntawm cov mucosa. Tom qab ntawd lub obturator raug tshem tawm thiab, nyob rau hauv kev tswj qhov muag pom, lub rectoscope tau nce mus rau sigmoid nyuv. Tom qab kev ntsuam xyuas, lub raj raug tshem tawm ntawm txoj hnyuv lumen nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog, txuas ntxiv mus kuaj.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias RRS kev kuaj xyuas yog qhov nyab xeeb tag nrho, tsuas yog tias nws ua tsis raug raws li txoj cai, txoj hnyuv perforation yuav tshwm sim, uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev phais tam sim.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm sigmoidoscopy
Kuv yuav tsum hais tam sim ntawd tias qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no tsis mob, tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, tsis kaj siab. Qee tus neeg mob tsis muaj qhov tsis xis nyob txhua qhov, thaum lwm tus xav tau yam tshuaj loog hauv zos tsawg kawg. Feem ntau qhov kev txiav txim siab uas cuam tshuam rau tus cwj pwm ntawm sigmoidoscopy yog qhov kev ntshai ntawm nws.
txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub qhov quav lossis sigmoid nyuv, nrog rau cov kab mob plab lossis kab mob Crohn, nws yog RRS kev kuaj mob uas siv. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob txog cov txheej txheem no yog qhov zoo, vim nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob ntawm qhov mobplab, ntshav los yog lwm yam impurities nyob rau hauv cov quav, mob cem quav los yog raws plab, thiab hlau deficiency anemia ntawm tsis paub etiology.
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias sigmoidoscopy raug pom zoo rau txhua tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog 55 xyoos rau kev tshawb pom ntxov ntawm neoplasms hauv txoj hnyuv. Nrog rau qhov ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv, cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau ua txhua xyoo.
