Anemia hauv cov menyuam yaus tau raug kaw ntau zaus hauv xyoo tas los no. Cov kab mob no cuam tshuam nrog kev txo qis hauv hemoglobin qib thiab txo qis ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Yog tias tsis kho, tus kab mob ua rau cov pa oxygen tshaib plab.
Tau kawg, ntau tus niam txiv xav paub tias yog vim li cas ntshav ntshav loj hlob hauv cov menyuam yaus. Cov tsos mob dab tsi koj yuav tsum saib xyuas? Yuav ua li cas kuaj? Cov kev kho twg zoo tshaj plaws? Cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no yuav pab tau ntau tus neeg nyeem.
kab mob yog dab tsi?
Hauv kev xyaum kho mob niaj hnub no, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hauv tus menyuam mos, nrog rau cov menyuam yaus, feem ntau tau sau tseg. Tau kawg, ntau tus niam txiv tab tom nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv.
Anemia, paub zoo dua hauv lub neej niaj hnub raws li kev mob ntshav qab zib, yog ib yam mob pathological uas nrog los ntawm kev txo qis hauv hemoglobin thiab txo cov qe ntshav liab hauv tus neeg mob cov ntshav.
Raws li koj paub, cov qe ntshav liab ua haujlwm tseem ceeb, thaum lawv thauj cov pa oxygen mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub cev,thaum noj cov pa roj carbon dioxide. Ib hom "nucleus" ntawm erythrocytes yog hemoglobin - cov hlau uas muaj protein ntau uas khi cov pa oxygen molecules thiab ua kom nws txoj kev thauj mus los ntxiv. Anemia tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ob qho tib si tsis muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov protein thiab ua rau cov qe ntshav liab tsis zoo hauv cov pob txha liab.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qib ntawm hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov menyuam yaus hloov pauv thaum lawv loj hlob. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv thawj hnub ntawm lub neej, qhov ntsuas no txawv ntawm 180 mus rau 240 g / l. Hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua rau lub hlis, qib hemoglobin yog 115-175 g / l, thiab los ntawm rau lub hlis mus rau tsib xyoos - 110-140 g / l.
Raws li kev txheeb cais, qhov no yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim heev. Kwv yees li 25% ntawm cov menyuam yug tshiab raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qee hom ntshav qab zib. Ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 4 xyoos, daim duab no nce mus rau 43%. Yog hais tias peb tham txog cov hnub nyoog ntawm 5 mus rau 12 xyoo, ntawm no tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mob yog 37%. Kwv yees li 30% ntawm cov menyuam yaus thaum lub hnub nyoog laus laus raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib ntau ntau.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm pathology
Qhov ua rau mob ntshav qab zib hauv menyuam yaus tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Cov npe ntawm lawv yog qhov zoo nkauj heev:
- Teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob intrauterine. Cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai muaj xws li ntshav qab zib, nrog rau rubella thiab qee yam kab mob kis los ntawm leej niam thaum cev xeeb tub. Ib tug poj niam haus luam yeeb cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam hauv plab tsis zoo. Qhov ua rau tej zaum yuav ua txhaum ntawm placentalntshav ntws, kev loj hlob tsis zoo ntawm cov placenta lossis txoj hlab ntaws, nrog rau Rhesus tsis sib haum.
- Neonatal pathology. Anemia hauv cov menyuam yaus qee zaum tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntxov ntxov, yug me nyuam raug mob, ntxov ntxov lossis lig ligation ntawm txoj hlab ntaws. Lub cev hnyav hnyav kuj suav tias yog qhov muaj feem pheej hmoo.
- Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, peb tab tom tham tsis tau tsuas yog hais txog kev noj haus ntawm tus me nyuam, tab sis kuj hais txog kev noj haus ntawm leej niam yog hais tias tus me nyuam yog pub niam mis. Vegetarianism, tsis muaj kev noj haus, noj zaub mov monotonous, khoom noj uas tsis txaus cov vitamins nkag mus rau hauv lub cev - tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntshav liab hauv tus menyuam mos.
- Kab mob ntawm lwm lub cev thiab lub cev. Cov kab mob ntshav qab zib feem ntau tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kis kab mob, mob thiab kab mob autoimmune, tshwj xeeb, rickets, kab mob siab, kab mob lupus erythematosus, plab hnyuv pathologies, teeb meem oncological, tuberculosis, kab mob fungal, pyelonephritis, brucellosis, ntsws abscess, kab mob endocarditis,osteomy
- Raws li tau hais, anemia tuaj yeem ua rau ntshav poob.
- Cov menyuam yaus nyob hauv thaj chaw uas tsis zoo ib puag ncig muaj kev pheej hmoo kis tus kabmob no ntau dua.
Kev faib tawm nyob ntawm tus kab mob
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam kev faib tawm rau tus kab mob no. Yog tias peb xav txog cov txheej txheem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm anemia, ces muaj ob peb daim ntawv.
Posthemorrhagic anemia tau hais tias yog thaum qib hemoglobin tau txo qis vim ntshav poob. Ntshav hauvHauv qhov no, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ob qho tib si nrog kev raug mob lossis kev ua haujlwm dhau los, thiab nrog qee yam kab mob ntawm lub cev. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob no yog ib qho yooj yim mus tshem tawm los ntawm kev txwv tsis pub cov ntshav. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, tus menyuam yuav xav tau tshuaj ntxiv thiab noj zaub mov kom raug, tab sis feem ntau tus kab mob teb tau zoo rau kev kho mob.
ntshav ntshav qee zaum cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem hematopoietic tsis zoo. Pawg no suav nrog:
- tsis muaj hlau - txhim kho nrog tsis muaj hlau, vim tias kev sib txuas ntawm hemoglobin yam tsis muaj cov tshuaj no ua tsis tau;
- iron-saturated forms of anemia tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si hauv lub hauv paus thiab keeb kwm (nrog rau cov kab mob zoo li no, kev sib txuas ntawm porphyrin cuam tshuam, thiab cov hemoglobin hauv cov qe ntshav liab tsawg dhau);
- megablastic cov ntaub ntawv ntawm anemia feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog folic acid thiab vitamin B12 tsis txaus;
- dyserythropoietic anemia yog txuam nrog cov txheej txheem hematopoietic impaired, tsim ntawm pathologically hloov erythrocytes;
- hypoplastic thiab aplastic anemia hauv cov menyuam yaus yog nrog los ntawm cov pob txha pob txha hypoplasia, txo cov qe ntshav liab, qe ntshav dawb thiab platelets tsim (cov kab mob no suav tias yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws).
Anemia tsis yog ib txwm cuam tshuam nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm cov pob txha pob txha lossis qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev sib txuas ntawm hemoglobin. Kuj tseem muaj hemolytic anemia hauv cov menyuam yaus, uas, txawm li cas los xij, suav hais tias yog qhov tsis tshua muaj pathology. Cov kab mob pathological no tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntau ntxiverythrocytes. Qhov tseeb, cov pob txha pob txha tsis muaj sijhawm los tsim cov qe ntshav liab txaus, vim tias cov hlwb no raug puas tsuaj sai. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, erythrocyte decay cov khoom pib nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav, uas yog nrog los ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov teeb meem, xws li jaundice (txuas nrog ib tug ntse nce nyob rau hauv bilirubin theem).
Etiology: hom ntshav qab zib twg tuaj yeem ua tau?
Tseem muaj kev faib tawm uas tsom mus rau qhov ua rau mob ntshav qab zib:
- Cov kab mob ntshav qab zib kis tau tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob fungal, kab mob thiab kab mob kis.
- Collagenic anemias cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob autoimmune, tshwj xeeb, mob caj dab rheumatoid, Horton's kab mob, kab mob lupus erythematosus, polyarthritis nodosa.
Degrees of anemia in me nyuam yaus
Ntau tus neeg mob menyuam yaus raug kuaj pom tus kab mob no. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ntshav liab ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntshav liab. Txog hnub tim, muaj peb ntawm lawv:
- yog tias peb tab tom tham txog mob ntshav qab zib tsawg ntawm thawj qib, ces tus menyuam muaj qhov txo qis hauv hemoglobin, tab sis tsis qis dua li 90 g / l;
- ntshav qab zib ntawm qib thib ob (nruab nrab) yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv hemoglobin tus nqi xws li 70 txog 90 g / l;
- nrog ntshav ntshav hnyav (qhov thib peb), qib ntawm cov protein no hauv cov ntshav poob qis dua 70 g / l.
Cov kev kho mob ntxiv yog nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntshav ntshav, los ntawm txoj kev.
Anemia: Cov tsos mob hauv menyuam yaus
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias anemia, xws lifeem ntau yog maj mam, yog li daim duab kho mob tuaj yeem pom qhov muag plooj. Tej zaum koj yuav pom tias tus menyuam qaug zog, nkees sai. Kuj tseem muaj insomnia, qaug zog tas li, teeb meem nrog kev xav. Cov menyuam yaus yws txog mob taub hau, ntuav tinnitus. Kev chim siab kuj tshwm sim.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov tsos mob no feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog mob nkees nkees lossis qhov tshwm sim ntawm overexertion. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog pub ntshav rau kev tshuaj ntsuam.
Yog tias tsis kho, tus kab mob no nce mus, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv. Muaj cov tsos mob xws li tachycardia, txo qis hauv cov ntshav siab, cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua haujlwm systolic yws hauv plawv. Hauv qhov mob hnyav dua, tus menyuam tsis nco qab ib ntus. Tsis tshua muaj, anemia ua rau lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm.
Ntxiv rau, tus kab mob cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov. Cov neeg mob hluas yws ntawm qhov ncauj qhuav. Qee zaum mob tshwm sim ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm lub qhov ncauj, glossitis tshwm sim. Kev nyiam saj hloov.
Anemia nyob rau hauv tus menyuam mos yog nrog los ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab, qee zaum ntuav tag nrho. Muaj qhov tsis qab los noj mov, vim tias tus menyuam noj tsawg thiab nce qhov hnyav tsis zoo. Cov tsos mob kuj suav nrog kev tsim cov pa roj ntau ntxiv, cem quav, uas tau hloov los ntawm raws plab thiab rov ua dua. Yog lawm, tag nrho cov teeb meem no cuam tshuam rau lub siab lub ntsws ntawm tus me nyuam - nws feem ntau quaj, pw tsaug zog tsis zoo, kev txom nyem.tas li colic nyob rau hauv lub plab mog, ua nervously, reacts sharply rau lwm stimuli.
Anemia cuam tshuam qhov tsos ntawm tus menyuam mob. Nws poob ceeb thawj, txom nyem los ntawm edema. Cov tawv nqaij tau txais ib qho tsis zoo pallor, nrog rau cov mucous membranes. Muaj plaub hau poob. Cov ntsia hlau ua nkig. Hauv cov ces kaum ntawm tus menyuam lub qhov ncauj, jams feem ntau tshwm sim uas nyuaj kho.
Tus menyuam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog, vim nws feem ntau mob khaub thuas, mob ntsws, mob ntsws thiab lwm yam khaub thuas. Lawv kuj ua rau mob plab hnyuv ntau dua.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Anemia hauv menyuam yaus feem ntau teb tau zoo rau kev kho tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv chav kawm ntev, pathology ua rau ntau yam teeb meem. Cov npe ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim yog raws li hauv qab no:
- kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog;
- ntau hom kev mob plawv;
- pob txha dysplasia;
- mob ntshav qab zib, uas nyuaj kho ntau dua;
- coma vim oxygen deprivation;
- mob ntshav qab zib hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev, lub hlwb thiab lub hlwb;
- leukemia.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias aplastic anemia hauv menyuam yaus yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws thiab qee zaum xaus rau tus neeg mob me tuag.
ntsuas ntsuas
Cov paib saum toj noanemia nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog ib qho laj thawj zoo los tham nrog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Tom qab kev ntsuam xyuas dav dav thiab kev ua keeb kwm, tus kws kho mob feem ntau yuav sau cov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv.
- Kev kuaj pom thawj zaug suav nrog kev kuaj ntshav dav dav, thaum lub sijhawm ntsuas hemoglobin, xim ntsuas, ntsuas ntshav liab raug txiav txim siab.
- Kev kuaj ntshav biochemical pab txiav txim seb cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, bilirubin, vitamins thiab lwm yam tshuaj, uas qee zaum ua rau nws tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau muaj ntshav liab.
- Qee lub sijhawm pob txha pob txha raug suav nrog hauv cov txheej txheem kuaj mob.
- Ntxiv rau, kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub cev sab hauv yog ua tiav. Kuj pom tau tias yog kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kws kho mob nqaim, tshwj xeeb, kws kho plawv, kws kho mob rheumatologist, kws kho mob plab, thiab nephrologists. Cov txheej txheem zoo li no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau thiab txiav txim siab qhov muaj teeb meem.
Tom qab tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txhua qhov kev tshawb fawb, tus kws tshaj lij yuav tuaj yeem tsim kho cov txheej txheem kho tau zoo tshaj plaws.
kev kho mob
Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib rau cov menyuam yaus ua haujlwm ntau lub sijhawm. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ntau yam txhais tau tias, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau tshem tawm qhov ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib, nce qib hemoglobin mus rau qib ib txwm muaj, muab kev saib xyuas tus menyuam kom zoo thiab noj zaub mov kom zoo.
- Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev npaj hlau yog muab rau tus neeg mob, ob qho tib si hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab hauv daim ntawv txhaj tshuaj. Sorbifer, Ferroplex, Ferrum-lek, Ektofer raug suav hais tias siv tau.
- Tsis tas li, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom noj cov tshuajcov vitamins, tshwj xeeb, vitamin B12 thiab folic acid, vim tias cov tshuaj no koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm hematopoiesis.
- Yog tias tsim nyog, cov tshuaj hormones anabolic thiab glucocorticoids tau nkag rau hauv kev kho mob.
- Thaum mob hnyav (yog tias cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem nce qib hemoglobin sai txaus), cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom txhaj cov ntshav. Qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo, tab sis nws tuaj nrog qee qhov kev pheej hmoo.
- Yog hais tias qhia, hloov pob txha pob txha raug ua. Lwm yam kev ntsuas tau raug coj los daws cov tsos mob thiab ua rau.
Tau kawg, qhov no tsis yog txhua yam uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov menyuam yaus muaj ntshav qab zib. Cov lus pom zoo hauv tsev kho mob kuj suav nrog kev kho mob txhua hnub, kev ua si lub cev (yog tias ua tau, kev kho mob tshwj xeeb), hnub so spa, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau lub chaw kho mob nyob hauv roob.
tshuaj kho neeg pej xeem: dab tsi yuav pab nrog ntshav ntshav?
Tau kawg, cov tshuaj ib txwm muaj ntau cov tshuaj ntuj uas pab nce qib hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav thiab txhawb kev tsim cov qe ntshav liab.
Tau kawg, qhov no, koj tsis tuaj yeem kho tus kheej, vim qhov no tsuas yog ua rau tus menyuam raug mob xwb. Nco ntsoov nug koj tus kws kho mob rau cov lus qhia ua ntej siv cov tshuaj hauv tsev. Nws ntseeg tau tias infusions thiab decoctions ntawm alfalfa, blackcurrant thiab strawberry nplooj, golden mustache thiab roob tshauv, sawv hips, nettle thiab lungwort pab nrog anemia.
Tsi,Nws ntseeg tau tias kev siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, dej qab zib, thiab - me me - zib ntab (nco ntsoov tias cov khoom no feem ntau ua rau muaj kev tsis haum) yuav pab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.
Yuav ua li cas noj zaub mov zoo li cas?
Yuav kom lub cev tsim cov hemoglobin thiab tsim cov qe ntshav liab ib txwm, nws xav tau cov vitamins thiab protein ntau txaus uas nws tau txais los ntawm zaub mov.
Ntawm, ntau ntawm no nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam. Thaum nws los txog rau cov menyuam mos liab, cov zaub mov zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv yog niam cov kua mis. Maj mam, cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab thiab qee cov zaub tuaj yeem nkag rau hauv kev noj haus. Pib txij li yim lub hlis, cov menyuam mos tuaj yeem noj lub teeb, nqaij ntshiv, barley thiab buckwheat porridge. Thiab ntawm 12 lub hlis, kev noj zaub mov tuaj yeem ua kom muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub thiab ntses.
Thaum tus menyuam loj hlob tuaj, nws cov ntawv qhia zaub mov txawv dua. Kev noj zaub mov ntawm tus menyuam loj yuav tsum muaj xws li ntau yam kua zaub (ntawm broths), daim siab, nqaij thiab ntses (boiled), hmoov khoom, qe (nqaij qaib, quail), buckwheat porridge, oatmeal, berries, zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo (zoo tshaj rau zaub qhwv., spinach, parsley thiab carrots raug suav hais tias yog anemia). Cov khoom noj mis nyuj, cheese, tsev cheese, butter, txiv ntseej (tshwj xeeb, pistachios), taum thiab pea puree tseem yuav pab tau rau menyuam yaus.
Thaum pub niam mis lossis pub mis sib xyaw, tus niam yuav tsum noj zaub mov kom zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee tus kws kho mobpom zoo kom qhia cov mis tshwj xeeb sib xyaw rau hauv cov khoom noj, piv txwv li, Detolac, Nutrilon, Nestozhen. Cov cereals no muaj cov vitamins thiab hlau, uas yuav pab tshem tawm qhov tsis txaus thiab normalize lub cev. Los ntawm txoj kev, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis kam pub niam mis rau qhov no. Piv txwv li, 1-2 zaug hauv ib hnub, tus menyuam tuaj yeem muab cov mis, thiab lub sijhawm so - mis niam.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Ua raws li qee cov lus pom zoo, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib thiab tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem txaus ntshai. Kev tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib hauv menyuam yaus tsis yog qhov nyuaj.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav tsis tu ncua - tus kab mob sai sai, nws yooj yim dua kom tshem tau nws.
- Yog tus menyuam yug ntxov ntxov, txij li peb lub hlis nws yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj ntxiv.
- khoom noj kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb (rau tus menyuam thiab leej niam thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation).
- Tus me nyuam xav tau kev taug kev hauv huab cua ntshiab, ua si lub cev, ua kom tawv nqaij, uas txhawb kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev mus ntsib cov chaw ua si hauv roob yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam.
Yog cov tsos mob ceeb tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob. Anemia hauv menyuam yaus yog ib yam kab mob loj uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
