Taumatic cataract ntawm qhov muag: cov tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho

Cov txheej txheem:

Taumatic cataract ntawm qhov muag: cov tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho
Taumatic cataract ntawm qhov muag: cov tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho

Video: Taumatic cataract ntawm qhov muag: cov tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho

Video: Taumatic cataract ntawm qhov muag: cov tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho
Video: Tsob tshuaj siv kho kuv tus mob txhaws qhov ntswg /siv seb puas pab tau nej - teem thiab yiv 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Ntau lab tus tib neeg thoob plaws ntiaj teb raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob qhov muag loj, suav nrog ob qho tib si qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab ib nrab qhov muag tsis pom kev vim glaucoma, myopia thiab hyperopia, astigmatism, cataracts. Traumatic cataract yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag raws li kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv. Cov kab mob no yuav tau tham hauv kab lus.

Dab tsi yog qhov mob cataract

Cataract yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm huab cua ntawm lub lens (ntuj qhov muag) ntawm qhov muag. Tus kab mob yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob ophthalmic tshaj plaws, yog li qhov teeb meem tau kawm tas li, cov laj thawj thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho mob cataracts tau raug txiav txim siab. Ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj ntawm cov kab mob pathology yog qhov txhab los yog contusion ntawm lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov muag tshwm sim.

Qhov muag nrog cataract
Qhov muag nrog cataract

Ntau tshaj 70% ntawm cov neeg mob muaj kev pheej hmoo ua qhov muag tsis pom ntawm ib lossis ob lub qhov muag vim kev loj hlob sai ntawm pathology. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj xav tias muaj teeb meem qhov muag, koj yuav tsum hu tam sim ntawdophthalmologist.

ICD-10 kab mob

ICD-10 yog ib daim ntawv teev npe, lub npe tag nrho ntawm lub suab zoo li International Classification of Diseases, kho thiab ntxiv rau lub sijhawm thib kaum.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev faib tawm no yog muab rau txhua tus neeg nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kab mob, lawv cov tsos mob, txoj kev kho mob, thiab qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim.

Hais txog kev raug mob cataract, raws li ICD-10, tus kab mob no tau muab rau tus lej H26.1. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus kab mob tau muab tso rau hauv qib 7, uas muaj cov kab mob qhov muag, hauv thaiv H25-H28, uas cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob ntawm lub lens.

Raws li nrog rau lwm yam kab mob, rau cov neeg muaj mob cataracts, ICD muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev kho mob. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm tus kab mob thiab tso cai rau koj nyob yam tsis muaj kev phais ntau xyoo yam tsis muaj kev pom kev.

Ntau yam ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib cataract

Zoo ntawm qhov raug mob, tom qab uas tus kab mob cataract tsim, muaj ntau yam ntawm nws.

Hom mob ntshav qab zib cataract nyob ntawm nws qhov laj thawj:

  • contusion - tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov muag tsis pom;
  • qhov txhab - yog tias qhov mob nkag mus rau ntawm qhov muag tshwm sim, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob loj zuj zus tuaj;
  • tshuaj - tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov muag lossis lub cev tag nrho;
  • kev lag luam - qhov muag raug mob hauv chaw ua haujlwm yog ib qho xwm txheej rau cov vuam,cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv khw kub;
  • hluav taws xob - tej zaum yuav tshwm sim tom qab siv hluav taws xob ntau heev.
Hnav daim npog qhov ncauj tiv thaiv yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm txaus ntshai
Hnav daim npog qhov ncauj tiv thaiv yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm txaus ntshai

Hom kab mob, txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob:

  • tsis-progressive;
  • maj mam txhim kho;
  • kev vam meej.

Kev faib tawm raws li qib kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub lens:

  • nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub lens capsule;
  • lens capsule cawm;
  • ua kom puas rau lub lens.

Tsis tas li, tom qab raug mob, lub cev txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem nyob hauv qhov muag, uas yuav txuas ntxiv ua rau lub lens puas thiab ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm pathology.

Qhov kev cia siab rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob cataract yog qhov zoo dua, sai dua tus neeg raug mob mus ntsib kws kho mob. Yog tias qhov muag tsuas yog me ntsis puas, qhov teeb meem yuav daws tau nws tus kheej dhau sijhawm.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob

Yuav kom tsis txhob nco lub sijhawm thiab tau txais kev kho mob raws sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev mob cataract.

Txo qhov tsis pom kev zoo nrog cataracts
Txo qhov tsis pom kev zoo nrog cataracts

Cov tsos mob ntawm pathology:

  • txo qis hauv qhov pom kev zoo, tshwj xeeb hauv qhov tsaus ntuj;
  • tsis muaj cov dots, kab txaij tshwm sim ua ntej ob lub qhov muag;
  • photophobia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog intolerance rau lub teeb ci;
  • teeb meem nrog kev ua ub no uas yuav tsum muaj kev xav tshwj xeeb (nyeem ntawv, paj ntaub);
  • tsis muaj kev nkag siab ntawm qee cov xim;
  • ob npaug,qhov muag tsis pom kev;
  • menyuam kawm ntawv hloov ntawm dub rau grey, qee zaum yuav luag dawb.
cov tub ntxhais kawm xim hloov hauv cataract
cov tub ntxhais kawm xim hloov hauv cataract

Nrog ib qho ntawm cov cim qhia no, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab txog yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua rau mob cataract - qhov tsuas yog kev txiav txim siab yog mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag.

Diagnosis

Tom qab nrhiav kev pab kho mob, thawj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kws kho mob yog kom paub meej lossis tsis lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob.

Kev xeem Fundus
Kev xeem Fundus

Txoj kev txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau mob cataract:

  • nug tus neeg mob - tus kws kho mob yuav tsum nkag siab tias qhov xwm txheej twg tshwm sim ua ntej pib tus kabmob;
  • Kev kawm ntawm anamnesis - kom paub tseeb tias cov kab mob cataract yog qhov mob tshwm sim, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tsis suav nrog lwm yam ua rau muaj kab mob;
  • ophthalmoscopy - kuaj ntawm fundus nrog lub teeb hlais;
  • ultrasound scan;
  • kev kuaj lub teeb;
  • visometry - ntsuas qhov pom kev pom;
  • biomicroscopic method - kawm cov qauv ntawm ob lub qhov muag;
  • perimetry - kuaj pom qhov pom;
  • tonometry - ntsuas ntawm IOP (intraocular siab);
  • phosphene - paub txog qhov hluav taws xob rhiab heev ntawm retina.

Tom qab kev kuaj pom tseeb lawm, kev kho mob yuav raug sau tseg, uas yuav luag ib txwm muaj kev phais.

Kev kho mobkho mob

Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob cataracts nrog rau qhov muag tee thiab tshuaj noj hauv qhov ncauj tsis tuaj yeem lav tag nrho cov kev pab cuam ntawm cov kab mob. Xws li kev kho mob yog tso cai tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov theem ntawm tus kab mob los yog siv thaum lub sij hawm xaiv ntawm txoj kev pom zoo ntawm kev phais, nrog rau cov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug categorical tsis kam ntawm tus neeg mob los ntawm kev phais.

Kev siv qhov muag tee hauv kev kho mob cataracts
Kev siv qhov muag tee hauv kev kho mob cataracts

Ntawm cov tshuaj siv los tiv thaiv kev mob cataracts yog cov hauv qab no:

  • "Quinax";
  • "Oftan-Katahrom";
  • "taufon";
  • "Vicein";
  • "Vita-Yodurol"

Tsis txhob siv daim ntawv teev npe no rau kev kho tus kheej - poob lub sijhawm yam tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob qhov muag tsis pom kev.

tshuaj ntsuab

Tseem muaj pej xeem txoj hauv kev los txwv txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov kab mob cataracts.

Daim ntawv qhia rau cataracts:

  1. Infusion ntawm qos yaj ywm sprouts on vodka. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog npaj ntawm tus nqi ntawm 5-6 tablespoons sprouts ib 0.5 l ntawm vodka. Tawm hauv qhov chaw tsaus rau 2 lub lis piam. Siv cov tshuaj peb zaug ib hnub twg, 1 diav rau 3 lub hlis.
  2. sib tov ntawm walnuts thiab sunflower roj. Crushed kernels yog poured nrog roj nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1:10. Cia nws brew rau 5-7 hnub. Tso rau hauv qhov muag cuam tshuam 2 tee 3 zaug hauv ib hnub.
  3. Infusion ntawm calendula paj (15 g ib 0.5 l ntawm boiling dej) tuaj yeem noj ob qho tib si ntawm qhov ncauj thiab ntxuav nrog qhov muag.
  4. Blueberry kua txiv, diluted nrog dej 1:2, yog instilled rau hauv lub qhov muag ib hnub ib zaug, lub sij hawm ntawm kev kho yog tsawg kawg yog ib lub hlis.
  5. zib ntab diluted nrog dej (1: 3) muab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo thaum muab tso rau hauv lub qhov muag poob rau 30 hnub.

Y Siv los tawm tsam cov kab mob cataracts thiab kua txiv aloe, thiab tincture ntawm nplooj peony, feem ntau pom zoo thaum noj qee yam zaub mov (xws li buckwheat). Tab sis nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias hom tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob rau cov kab mob cataract yog kev phais, thiab kev kho tus kheej mus ntev nrog cov tshuaj kho pej xeem ua rau qhov kev cia siab ntawm tus kab mob no tsis zoo.

Surgery

Hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub no, phacoemulsification yog siv - hom kev phais mob uas cuam tshuam lub lens raug tshem tawm thiab muab lub lens dag tso rau hauv nws qhov chaw, ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm.

phais cataract
phais cataract

Qhov zoo ntawm hom kev ua haujlwm no:

  • raug mob tsawg;
  • seamless conduction (micro incision nruj ntawm nws tus kheej);
  • nqa tawm hauv 1 hnub;
  • qoj ib ce yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm tshuaj loog (tso tshuaj loog hauv zos).

Cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub tso cai tsis yog tsuas yog tshem tawm cov kab mob cataracts xwb, tab sis kuj tshem tawm glaucoma tib lub sijhawm. Tom qab hloov lub lens puas lawm, nws raug tso cai los kho qhov muag pom kev laser kom rov qab kho lub neej zoo.

Kev phais yog tib txoj kev uas tso cai rau koj kom tiavtshem tawm cov kab mob cataracts, tsis zoo li kev kho tshuaj, uas tsuas yog qeeb nws txoj kev loj hlob.

Kev rov qab los tom qab kev phais

Ntau tus neeg mob tsis kam phais kab mob cataract vim lawv ntshai tsam rov muaj tus kab mob. Qhov no yog ib qho kev xav tsis tseeb - ib qho kev cog hniav cog ib zaug, tsis muaj teeb meem nrog nws.

Ntxiv rau, hnub tom qab ua haujlwm, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem rov qab los ua lub neej tag nrho (nyeem, xaws, saib TV, ua haujlwm hauv computer).

Qhov kev pom zoo nkaus xwb rau cov neeg uas tshem tawm cov kab mob cataract yog kev kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua nrog tus kws kho qhov muag kom txiav txim siab txog cov kab mob retina.

Pom zoo: