Urolithiasis: cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov txiv neej. Cov tsos mob thiab kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob

2024 Tus sau: Curtis Blomfield | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 21:10

Urolithiasis (UCD) yog ib yam kab mob uas ib txwm nrog mob. Cov kev xav tsis xis nyob yog feem ntau nyob hauv qab sab nraub qaum. Tab sis yog tias lub pob zeb txav mus rau ntawm qhov chaw tawm, qhov mob tuaj yeem hnov hauv lub plab. Cov tsos mob zoo li no feem ntau cuam tshuam qhov kev kuaj mob tsis raug thiab ua rau tus neeg mob xav tias mob appendicitis lossis mob plab. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav xav txog dab tsi yog cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov txiv neej nrog kev kuaj mob ntawm "urolithiasis".

Tus kab mob dab tsi?

Tus kab mob no tshwm sim ntau dua ntawm kev sib deev muaj zog dua li poj niam. Cov txheeb cais muab cov duab hauv qab no. Cov txiv neej muaj peb zaug ntau dua yuav raug kuaj mob urolithiasis.

Ua rau tus kws kho mob pathology faib ua ob pawg: sab nraud thiab sab hauv. Xav txog lawv.

Cov yam ntxwv sab nraud ua rau pob zeb tsim:

1. Huab cua nta. Cov huab cua qhuav feem ntau ua rau lub cev qhuav dej.
2. Soil structure. Nws cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus electrolyte ntawm cov khoom noj.
3. dej. Ntawmurolithiasis, qhov chaw ntawm pathology tuaj yeem yog ntau tshaj ntawm cov ntsev hauv cov kua dej haus. Qhov no ua rau kom muaj siab concentration ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv cov zis. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov acidity ntawm cov dej cuam tshuam rau kev tsim pob zeb.
4. txhua hnub. Lub cev tsis muaj zog ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm pathology.
5. Tsis muaj kua. Kev haus dej tsawg tsawg ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo kis kab mob.
6. Power mode. Kev tsim cov pob zeb ua rau muaj kev noj ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom noj nqaij, nrog rau cov khoom noj uas muaj ntau lub hauv paus purine (sorrel, spinach, peas).

Cov no tsis yog tib qhov chaw uas cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm pathologies xws li urolithiasis. Cov laj thawj tuaj yeem nyob hauv cov xwm txheej sab hauv:

1. Kab mob urinary: urethritis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis.
2. kab mob ntawm txoj hnyuv: cholelithiasis, pancreatitis, kab mob siab, mob plab.
3. Kab mob ntawm lwm yam kabmob: osteomyelitis, furunculosis, tonsillitis.
4. Kev loj hlob txawv txav ntawm lub zais zis, raum, ureters.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob

Urolithiasis tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim tshwj xeeb hauv cov theem pib. Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov txiv neej feem ntau tsis tuaj thaum lub sijhawm no. Pathology tuaj yeem kuaj tau yog tias kuaj tau lwm yam kab mob.

Cov cim qhia ntawm urolithiasis tshwm sim hauv tus neeg mob thaum lub pob zeb nce qib. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog mob hnyav, tshwm sim tam sim ntawd. Tus mob no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub raum colic.

Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:

1. Nyob rau qhov mob hnyav zuj zus zuj zus tuaj.
2. Fever yuav tshwm sim.
3. Mob tsis xis nyob tshwm sim sai sai, feem ntau thaum tuav, txav, lossis tom qab haus dej ntau ntau, cawv. Hloov txoj haujlwm ntawm lub cev tsis tshem tawm qhov mob.
4. Kev tsis xis nyob tuaj yeem kis mus rau thaj tsam lumbar, qis plab, hauv pliaj.

Tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsos mob

Qhov kev mob ntawm qhov mob thiab nws qhov xwm txheej tso cai rau koj los txiav txim qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub pob zeb, yog tias tus neeg mob tau kuaj mob urolithiasis. Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov txiv neej yog nyob ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob:

1. Kev tsis xis nyob hauv thaj tsam lumbar (ze ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm tus nqi), kis mus rau hauv puab tais, qhia qhov chaw ntawm lub raum pob zeb thiab lawv txoj kev txav ntawm lub ureter. Nrog rau cov kab mob no, ntshav feem ntau tshwm hauv cov zis.
2. Yog qhov mob mob siab rau ntawm thaj chaw lumbar thiab kis mus rau hauv puab tais, ces pob zeb siab. Mob tsis xis nyob yog tshwm sim los ntawm stretching ntawm lub raum capsule.
3. Lub pob zeb txav ib txwm ua rau mob. Lub pob radiates, raws li txoj cai, mus rau thaj tsam anterior ntawm tus ncej puab thiab scrotum.
4. Mob tas li. Qee lub sij hawm tus neeg mob muaj lub sij hawm nyem, uas yog hloov los ntawm exacerbation. Cov tsos mob zoo li no yog ib qho zoo rau qhov chaw ntawm pob zeb hauv lub zais zis.

Ntxiv rau qhov kev tshwm sim saum toj no, tej zaum yuav muaj lwm yamCov cim:

• dysuria;
• tus neeg mob lub cev tsis zoo;
• fever;
• hematuria;
• xeev siab, ntuav;
• tso zis tso zis vim txhaws ntawm lub zais zis caj dab.

Kev kuaj kab mob

txhawm rau paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob ntawm "urolithiasis", tus neeg mob keeb kwm kho mob tau kawm ua tib zoo kawm los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Tus kws kho mob txaus siab rau kev kho mob yav dhau los, nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov kev ntsuas no tso cai rau koj kom raug muab tshuaj kho kom raug.

Kev kuaj mob yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:

1. Tus neeg mob muaj cov tsos mob zoo. Periodically tshwm sim mob nyob rau hauv lub lumbar cheeb tsam, plab mog los yog puab tais. Ua tsis tiav ntawm lub zais zis. Kev kub nyhiab thaum tso zis hauv cov zis.
2. Cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj xyuas. Tus kws kho mob xav tias lub plab, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob peritoneum, xws li pancreatitis, cholecystitis, appendicitis, tsis suav nrog. Tapping thaj tsam lumbar thiab plab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lumbago, sciatica, pyelonephritis. Kev kuaj sab nraud ntawm tus neeg mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob ntawm cov zis. Tus neeg mob lub cev, xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab puffiness yog muab rau hauv tus account.
3. yam ntxwv rau cov cim qhia pathology ntawm kev tsom xam dav dav ntawm cov zis. Raws li txoj cai, kuaj pom qhov nce ntxiv. Un altered erythrocytes muaj nyob rau hauv cov zis. High concentration ntawm ntsev yog sau tseg. Xws li cov cim qhia ntawm kev tsom xam dav dav ntawm cov zis qhia txog qhov muaj urolithiasis hauv tus neeg mob.
4. Dataultrasound. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no raug txiav txim siab qhov kev kuaj mob thiab muab lub tswv yim ntawm qhov loj, cov duab thiab qhov chaw ntawm pob zeb.
5. CT scan cov txiaj ntsig. Kev ntsuam xyuas yog siv yog tias ultrasound tsis tau muab cov lus piav qhia tag nrho ntawm pathology.
6. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob radiopaque. Txoj kev no tso cai rau koj los tshuaj xyuas qhov ntws ntawm cov zis kom meej. Diagnostics qhia qhov twg qhov blockage ntawm lub ducts tshwm sim.

Ntau yam pob zeb

Nws tseem ceeb heev tsis yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob xws li urolithiasis. Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov txiv neej yog nyob ntawm seb hom calculus. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li hais kom tsis txhob siv tshuaj ib txwm siv, tab sis tso siab rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv rau tus kws tshaj lij.

Cov pob zeb hauv qab no tuaj yeem tsim nrog urolithiasis:

1. Oxalate. Cov pob zeb zoo li no yog tsim los ntawm calcium ntsev ntawm oxalic acid. Lawv txawv los ntawm high ntom, prickly nto. Thaum pib, lawv cov xim yog xim dub thiab grey. Yog hais tias lub pob zeb ua mob rau lub mucous daim nyias nyias, vim cov ntshav pigment, nws yuav dub los yog tsaus xim av.
2. Phosphate. Lawv muaj calcium ntsev ntawm phosphoric acid. Raws li txoj cai, lub pob zeb yog du lossis me ntsis ntxhib. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau ntau hom. Qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm pob zeb yog mos. Nws yog qhov txawv ntawm lub teeb grey lossis xim dawb. Lub pob zeb zoo li no loj hlob sai. Yooj yim heev.
3. Urate. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm uric acid los yog nws cov ntsev. Cov pob zeb yog daj-cib xim. Lawv muaj ib tug du nto tab sis ib tug ruaj kev ntxhib los mos. Crushing yog ua tau nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj.
4. Carbonate. Lawv muaj calcium ntsev ntawm carbonic acid. Qhov sib xws ntawm cov pob zeb yog mos, thiab cov duab yog txawv. Lub laij lej muaj lub ntsej muag du thiab txawv ntawm nws cov xim dawb.
5. Cystine. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm sulfur compound ntawm amino acid cystine. Cov pob zeb yog puag ncig, daj-dawb. Raws li txoj cai, lawv muaj lub ntsej muag du, mos zoo nkauj.
6. YProtein. Lawv tsim yog yooj yim los ntawm fibrin nrog ib tug admixture ntawm cov kab mob thiab ntsev. Cov pob zeb yog dawb, me, mos thiab tiaj tus.
7. Cov roj (cholesterol) phem. Lawv tsis tshua muaj heev nyob rau hauv lub raum. Muaj cov roj cholesterol, muaj qhov muag muag, sib txawv ntawm cov xim dub. Xws li cov calculi txaus ntshai vim lawv crumble yooj yim.

Kev kho mob

Cov tswv yim ntawm kev soj ntsuam nrog pathology yog txiav txim siab los ntawm tus kws kho mob urologist. Rau kev kho mob, txoj kev phais thiab kev kho kom zoo yog siv. Kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev tsim nyog nyob ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob, nws lub hnub nyoog, qhov loj thiab qhov chaw ntawm lub pob zeb, kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob pathology, muaj qhov hloov pauv ntawm lub cev lossis lub cev, nrog rau theem ntawm lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.

Feem ntau, kev phais yuav tsum tau tshem tawm pob zeb. Qhov tshwj xeeb yog calculi tsim los ntawm uric acid. Cov pob zeb no tuaj yeem yaj nrog kev kho mob.

Thawj pib, tus neeg mob tau sau cov tshuaj hauv qab no rau urolithiasis:

1. Anspasmodics. Lawv tshem tawm cov spasm ntawm lub ureter, pab so kom txaus nws cov phab ntsa. Qhov no txo qhov mobkev hnov qab thiab pab txhawb kev hla ntawm pob zeb. Cov tshuaj hauv qab no tau pom zoo rau tus neeg mob: "Papaverine", "No-shpa", "Galidor", "Diprofen".
2. tshuaj kho mob. Lawv raug sau tseg thaum muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm lub raum colic. Txhais tau hais tias tshem tawm qhov mob kom zoo: "Analgin", "Bral", "Tempalgin", "Baralgin", "Pentalgin", "Tetralgin"

Qee tus neeg mob yuav tau txais tshuaj tua kab mob. Lawv tau nkag mus rau hauv kev kho mob yog tias muaj kab mob txuas nrog urolithiasis. Kev xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsim nyog tsuas yog ua los ntawm kws kho mob raws li kev tshuaj xyuas.

Yam urates

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab: tsuas yog ib tus kws kho mob yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas kho urolithiasis, vim koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov tshuaj tsim nyog los ua kom cov calculus yaj tom qab txiav txim siab nws hom.

Cov tshuaj hauv qab no yog siv los kho cov urates:

1. "Allopurinol", "Allozim", "Allopron", "Allupol", "Zilorik", "Milurit", "Remid", "Sanfipurol", "Purinol". Cov tshuaj no pab txo qhov tso ntawm cov ntsev uric acid.
2. "Etamid". Cov tshuaj nkoos lub intensive excretion ntawm urates nrog rau cov zis. Pab txo qis uric acid ntsev hauv lub cev.
3. "Ugly". Combined tshuaj uas ua rau alkalization ntawm cov zis. Cov tshuaj txhawb kev tsim cov ntsev soluble nrog uric acid.
4. Uralit U. Cov cuab yeej yog siv los yaj urates. Tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev tsim cov pob zeb tshiab.
5. "Blemarin". Cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm yaj cov urates thiab qee cov pob zeb tso zis.
6. Slimok. Zoodissolves urinary pob zeb, feem ntau yog urates.

YDissolving oxalates

Yog tias tus neeg mob tau kuaj pom cov pob zeb no, kev kho tshuaj suav nrog tshuaj:

1. Marelin.
2. "Tau". Kev npaj tshuaj ntsuab uas txhawb nqa kev sib cais ntawm oxalate pob zeb.
3. nqi kho mob 7; No. 8; No. 9; No. 10. Cov nyiaj no raug lees paub los ntawm urology. Lawv muaj diuretic, litholytic (solving pob zeb), antispasmodic zog.

YDissolving phosphates

Txhawm rau tawm tsam cov kab mob no, tshuaj feem ntau xav tau:

1. "Madder dye extract". Cov cuab yeej no tso cai rau koj kom loosen cov phosphates. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj muaj antispasmodic thiab diuretic teebmeem.
2. "Marelyn". Cov tshuaj tsis tsuas yog softens lub pob zeb, tab sis kuj zoo kawg nkaus tshem tawm cov spasm ntawm lub raum pelvis, ureter. Cov tshuaj txo qhov mob hauv lub genitourinary system.

Kev tawg ntawm cov pob zeb cystine

Thaum kuaj pom tus kab mob no, nws raug nquahu kom noj cov tshuaj hauv qab no:

1. "Penicillamine". Tus neeg sawv cev tsim ib qho kev sib xyaw nrog cystine, uas yooj yim yaj hauv cov zis. Qhov no tso cai rau koj txo cov pob zeb.
2. "Thiopronin". Cov nyhuv ntawm lub cev ntawm cov tshuaj zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj saum toj no. Nws raug sau tseg yog tias "Penicillamine" tsis ua haujlwm.
3. "Potassium citrate", "Sodium bicarbonate". Cov tshuaj uas alkalize zis. Yog li ntawd, cystine pob zeb yaj.
4. Uralit.

Khoom noj khoom haus

Txhua tus neeg mob yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus uas tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg. Urolithiasis hauv cov txiv neej, nyob ntawm seb hom pob zeb, ua rau qee yam kev txwv kev noj haus.

Yog tus neeg mob muaj urate, ces nws yuav tsum txo qis kev siv:

1. Khoom noj muaj nplua nuj nyob hauv purines. Cov no yog ntses, tsiaj nqaij, nceb, offal, legumes, nqaij broths. Cov zaub mov no tso cai 1 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam.
2. Cawv. Cov neeg mob raug txwv tsis pub haus cawv liab, npias.

Khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum ua raws li cov zaub mov hauv qab no:

• tswb cov txiv lws suav, txiv lws suav, txaij, qos yaj ywm;
• cheese me;
• fruits, berries;
• pasta;
• qe;
• Y mis nyuj, tsev cheese, khoom siv mis nyuj.

Cov neeg mob kuaj pom muaj oxalates yuav tsum txwv tsis pub noj cov zaub mov hauv qab no:

• -spinach, zaub xas lav, sorrel;
• sauerkraut;
• kas fes, tshuaj yej;
• chocolate, cocoa;
• taum ntsuab;
• Ntxhais, nqaij nyuj;

Nws pom zoo kom ntxiv dag zog rau kev noj zaub mov nrog cov khoom noj uas muaj calcium, magnesium, vitamin B6. Cov zaub mov hauv qab no yog nyiam:

• khoom noj;
• -qos, taub dag, cabbage;
• txiv ntseej;
• peas.

Thaum kuaj pom phosphates hauv cov zaub mov yuav tsum txwv:

• zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
• fermented mis nyuj, tsev cheese, cheese, khoom siv mis nyuj;
• cawv;
• kub txuj lom;
• dej qab zib;
• coffee.

Nws raug pom zoo kom muab qhov nyiam rau cov khoom uas muaj calcium me ntsis, tab sis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acidic. Vitamin A zoo.

Cov khoom noj hauv qab no nyiam dua hauv kev noj haus:

• ntau yam kua zaub;
• zaub roj;
• pasta, qhob cij;
• butter;
• txiv hmab txiv ntoo haus thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm qaub berries thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo (cranberries, citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv apples).

Nrog cov pob zeb cystine, cov zaub mov hauv qab no yuav tsum raug cais tawm:

1. Offal - spleen, siab, raum.
2. Ntses, nqaij. Nws raug tso cai siv tsis pub ntau tshaj 3 hnub hauv ib lub lis piam. Qhov koob tshuaj txhua hnub yog 200-250 mg.
3. Qe (tsuas yog ib hnub nkaus xwb).
4. Nplej hmoov.
5. Ntaus.

Nws raug pom zoo kom ntxiv dag zog rau kev noj zaub mov nrog cov khoom noj uas muaj ntau cov vitamins, xws li:

• citrus;
• lingonberries;
• grapes;
• strawberry;
• raisins;
• garnet;
• olives;
• pears;
• currant;
• carrot;
• txiv ntseej;
• blueberries.

Zoo kawg

Yog xav tauCov neeg mob uas muaj kev kuaj mob ntawm "MKD" (urolithiasis) yuav raug pom zoo rau txoj kev tshwj xeeb rau crushing pob zeb. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, txhua yam pathology tuaj yeem daws tau. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tsis txhob tso tseg thiab ua raws txhua tus kws kho mob cov tshuaj.