Ib yam mob ntawm txoj hnyuv loj yog colitis. Tus kab mob ua rau inflammatory-dystrophic hloov nyob rau hauv lub cev. Hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab, pathology ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov hnyuv. Cov tsos mob ntawm colitis hauv cov menyuam yaus ua rau muaj kev tsis xis nyob ntau. Qhov no feem ntau muaj teeb meem nrog quav, mob plab, thiab malaise. Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm plab hnyuv colitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam tau piav nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.
Txoj kev xav
Colitis yog hu ua mob ntawm txoj hnyuv loj, uas maj mam ua rau degeneration ntawm cov mucous txheej. Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai vim lub cev tsis ua haujlwm. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no tau kuaj pom hauv cov neeg ntawm cov hnub nyoog nruab nrab thiab cov laus, tab sis qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim tseem nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos thiab cov me nyuam preschool.
Tus kab mob no tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb. Tag nrho cov tsos mob ntawm colitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog lwm cov kab mob hauv plab. Tab sis feem ntau nrog tus kab mob muaj kev ua txhaum caimob plab thiab mob tob hauv plab.
Yog vim li cas
Xav txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob plab hauv cov menyuam yaus, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov xwm txheej uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob. Muaj ntau qhov chaw ntawm plab hnyuv. Mob colitis tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob ua rau muaj kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov:
- salmonella;
- retrovirus;
- rotavirus;
- escherichia;
- shigella.
Lwm hom kab mob tshwm sim vim mob plab, enteritis, gastroenteritis. Daim ntawv mob ntev ntawm tus kab mob yog txuam nrog dysentery, ascariasis, giardiasis, pancreatic dysfunction, lom nrog tshuaj lom.
Lwm yam yog vim li cas
Colitis tshwm los ntawm:
- siv sijhawm ntev los tiv thaiv kab mob, laxative, tshuaj tua kab mob;
- mob plab heev;
- malnutrition;
- pib qhia txog cov khoom noj ntxiv;
- kab mob plab hnyuv kab mob;
- ua xua;
- kev nyuaj siab;
- kab mob autoimmune;
- kev ua neej nyob;
- kev ua neej nyob;
- tus cwj pwm phem ntawm niam thaum cev xeeb tub;
- congenital anomalies nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm txoj hnyuv;
- pab plab tsis huv.
Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus mob plab hauv cov menyuam yaus muaj kev cuam tshuam. Yuav kom muab tshuaj kho tau zoo, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum kuaj xyuas qhov ua rau.
Views
Raws li cov yam ntxwv morphological, colitis yog atrophic, catarrhal, ulcerative-erosive. Yog ibcoj mus rau hauv tus account qhov xwm ntawm chav kawm, ces tus kab mob tuaj yeem mob me, nruab nrab, hnyav. Los ntawm hom, nws tau muab faib ua monotonous, latent, progressive thiab recurrent. Raws li kev faib tawm dav tshaj plaws, colitis yog:
- primary;
- drug;
- non-specific;
- parasitic;
- neurotic;
- alimentary;
- ua xua;
- tshuaj lom;
- post-infectious;
- beam;
- pastic.
Cov tsos mob, kev kho mob ulcerative colitis hauv cov menyuam yaus yuav luag zoo ib yam li lwm hom. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog me me, feem ntau kuaj pom tus mob hnyav, mob ntev, tsis yog hom kab mob. Cov tsos mob ntawm spastic colitis nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam yog ib yam nkaus li mob ib yam li lwm yam.
Muaj lwm qhov kev faib tawm ntawm tus kabmob. Txij li cov hnyuv loj muaj xws li ob peb ntu, colitis tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv. Raws li qhov ntsuas no, nws sawv tawm:
- tiflit;
- transverse;
- sigmoiditis;
- pancolitis;
- proctosigmoiditis;
- angulitis;
- proctitis;
- Ythyphlocolitis.
Nrog txhua yam mob plab hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov tsos mob yuav mob. Yog tias lawv tshwm sim, tsis txhob yig mus ntsib kws kho mob. Kev kho mob raws sij hawm yuav txhim kho kev noj qab nyob zoo hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.
Symptoms
Nyob rau hauv mob plab hnyuv colitis, tus me nyuam cov tsos mob yog nrog los ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm intoxication. tshwm sim:
- hyperthermia;
- tsis muaj zog;
- ntuav.
Vim yog vim li casplab hnyuv spasms tshwm sim tenesmus - ib tug dag ntxias kom defecate. Kuj tseem muaj qhov mob tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam iliac ntawm lub plab. Cov quav ntau zaus yog 5-15 zaug hauv ib hnub. Cov tsos mob ntawm plab hnyuv colitis hauv tus menyuam muaj xws li:
- ntsuab, dej quav nrog ua npuas ncauj;
- impurities ntawm mucos thiab ntshav hauv quav;
- qhov quav prolapse;
- nausea;
- txo qis hauv cov ntaub so ntswg turgor;
- tawv nqaij;
- ntse ntsej muag ntsej muag.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob ulcerative ntawm txoj hnyuv hauv tus me nyuam yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cem quav, raws plab, los yog lawv alternation. Nrog rau kev tso tawm ntawm cov quav tawv, cov kab nrib pleb tuaj yeem tshwm rau ntawm qhov quav. Thaum defecation, liab liab ntshav tawm.
Lwm yam tshwm sim
Nyob rau hauv mob colitis, cov tsos mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos yog undulating: tom qab tshem tawm, ib qho exacerbation tshwm sim. Muaj mob nyob rau hauv lub plab, cheeb tsam iliac. Nws tshwm sim tom qab noj mov thiab muaj ib qho mob hnyav. Hauv cov kab mob colitis ntev hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos, cov tsos mob tshwm sim li:
- poob qab los;
- bloating;
- rumbling hauv plab hnyuv;
- faus;
- chim siab;
- mob taub hau;
- pw tsis tsaug zog;
- ncua qhov hnyav nce thiab qhov siab.
Ntawm me nyuam
Ib qho tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ulcerative colitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiab lwm yam kab mob yog ib qho kev hloov hauv cov quav. Nws tuaj yeem ua kua lossis khoom. Muaj streaks ntawm cov ntshav nyob rau hauv cov quav. Tsis tas li, tus kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv:
- poob qab los;
- pw tsis zoo;
- siabexcitability;
- nquag regurgitation;
- ntua;
- dryness thiab pallor ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- kub nce;
- tsis kam noj;
- mog quaj.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg;
Kev nyuaj siab
Nyob rau hauv cov menyuam mos uas muaj kev tsis haum colitis, muaj kev ncua ntawm kev loj hlob thiab qhov hnyav nce. Qhov no siv rau lwm hom kab mob plab hnyuv ib yam nkaus. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov teeb meem yuav tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm:
- hypovitaminosis;
- ntshav qab zib;
- qhov quav;
- plab hnyuv perforation;
- peritonitis;
- ntshav qab zib;
- perforated ulcer;
- sphincter qaug zog;
- vascular thrombosis;
- plab hnyuv;
- paraproctitis;
- plab hnyuv abscesses.
Txhua yam tsis zoo tuaj yeem zam tau yog tias mob plab raug kho raws sijhawm. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov kev kho mob yog ua raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob thiab ua raws li tag nrho nws cov lus pom zoo.
Diagnosis
Tus kws kho mob gastroenterologist tuaj yeem kuaj pom muaj mob hauv menyuam yaus. Ua ntej, nws ua ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas sab nraud thiab palpation ntawm lub plab. Qhov no yuav tsum tau tsim kom pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob thiab mob nyob rau hauv lub plab mog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev tshawb fawb tau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob:
- Colonoscopy. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no, ib tug coloscope nrog ib tug micro-lub koob yees duab nyob rau hauv lub kawg yog ntxig los ntawm lub qhov quav. Tsis tas li ntawd, huab cua yog nkag rau cov hnyuv kom nthuav nws cov phab ntsa. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov ntshav latent, diverticulum, o, qog.
- Sigmoscopy. Tsis zoo licov txheej txheem dhau los, cov txheej txheem no suav tias yog sparing. Thaum kuaj mob, lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntev sigmoscope tau muab tso rau hauv qhov quav, uas txuas nrog lub koob yees duab video thiab saib xyuas. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los ntsuas qhov mob ntawm cov mucous membrane ntawm txoj hnyuv loj.
- Endoscopic biopsy. Hauv cov txheej txheem, ib qho endoscope yog muab tso rau hauv txoj hnyuv los ntawm qhov quav. Cov cuab yeej tshawb fawb txoj hnyuv. Thaum lub sij hawm endoscopy, cov khoom siv biopsy raug coj los ntawm qhov chaw tsis txaus ntseeg los txiav txim qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hloov pauv thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm hom kab mob colitis.
- kuaj ntshav. Manipulation txiav txim siab ntshav qab zib, txo qis electrolyte thiab hypoalbunemia. Cov tsos mob no qhia tias muaj cov txheej txheem inflammatory.
- Scatology ntawm quav. Txoj kev tshawb no yog kawm txog cov xim, tsw, sib xws, ntau npaum li cas ntawm plab hnyuv.
- Irrigography. Lub plab yog ntim nrog cov khoom sib txawv thiab tom qab ntawd muab x-ray. Xws li radiography ntsuas qhov contours, qhov chaw, qhov ntev ntawm lub cev raug kuaj.
- Kev kho qhov muag. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas lub qhov quav thiab qhov qis ntawm sigmoid. Thaum ib lub raj tshwj xeeb tso rau hauv qhov quav, tus kws kho mob pom tias muaj cov kab mob erosive, qog, kis kab mob lossis cov txheej txheem inflammatory.
Kev kho mob
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho yog tshem tawm qhov ua rau tus kab mob thiab rov ua kom lub plab zom mov. Yog tias kuaj pom daim ntawv pseudomembranous, nws yog qhov ceev kom nres cov tshuaj uas ua rau mob.
Nrog helminthic ntxeem tau, tus me nyuam tau muab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, piv txwv li,"Metronidazole". Lwm hom kab mob colitis raug kho los ntawm lwm txoj kev:
- Rau daim ntawv uas tsis yog tshwj xeeb, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis-steroidal yog xav tau.
- Yog hais tias tus kab mob no mob heev, yuav tsum tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb: koj xav tau ib tug sov so, haus dej kom ntau, so, noj "Festal", "Almagel" los yog activated charcoal.
- Yog tias mob colitis, cov tshuaj antispasmodics ("No-shpa") nrog adsorbents ("Phosphalugel") xav tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev noj zaub mov raug muab cais tawm, uas kib, ntsim, rog, cov kaus poom tsis suav nrog.
- Spastic hom colitis yog kho nrog "Trimedat", uas normalizes plab hnyuv motility. Buscopan kuj tau sau tseg, uas tshem tawm qhov mob. Mob plab tuaj yeem kho nrog Loperamide.
Yuav ua li cas ntxiv?
Kev kho tshuaj yog siv ntau yam tshuaj tib lub sijhawm. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo ntawm tus kab mob, cov tshuaj uas muaj cov nyhuv astringent thiab enveloping feem ntau tau sau tseg. Qhov kev txiav txim no muaj bismuth, infusions ntawm chamomile los yog St. John's wort. Nrog rau tus kab mob ua xua, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob:
- Y"Suprastin".
- Y"Diazolin".
- Fenistil.
Lub hauv paus ntawm kev kho mob feem ntau yog tshuaj tua kab mob. Lawv tsuas tuaj yeem raug sau los ntawm kws kho mob thaum cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam tau los txheeb xyuas tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob. Broad antibacterial effect muaj:
- Mexaform.
- YSulfasalazine.
- YErythromycin.
kho mob plab tsis txwv rauantibacterial kev kho mob. Nws yuav ua tau kom txo tau tus mob nrog tshuaj:
- Y Probiotics - "Bifikol", "Intestospan", "Bifidumbacterin". Nrog kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj no kho cov kab mob plab hnyuv microflora.
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob - "Novocaine", "Platifillin", "Metacin". Tshem tawm qhov mob hnyav.
- Enzyme - "Mezim", "Digestal", "Abomin". Lawv txhim kho digestion.
Kev kho lub cev tsuas yog siv tau thaum tus kab mob no nyob rau hauv kev zam. Lub tshuab cua sov yog siv rau qhov chaw ntawm lub epigastrium. Ntxiv kev kho ozokerite, paraffin therapy, diathermy. Rau cov menyuam yaus feem ntau, txoj kev kho no ua haujlwm zoo.
Yog tias tsis muaj cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev kho kom zoo, tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo rau kev phais. Nws yog raws li resection ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm txoj hnyuv, tom qab uas cov ntu ncaj yog fused nrog lub ileum.
Kev noj haus
Thaum kev kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb. Thaum kho, cov menyuam yaus raug txwv tsis pub noj zaub mov kib, kua zaub nplua nuj. Cov khoom yuav tsum tau ci, boiled los yog steamed. Yog tus me nyuam pub niam mis, ces nws niam yuav tsum tsis txhob noj cov zaub mov nruj uas ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj.
Cov zaub mov ntawm tus poj niam laus yuav tsum zom kom zoo. Thaum lub sij hawm lactation, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los noj cov qos yaj ywm mashed, kua zaub uas tsis muaj rog, grated cereals, nqaij qaib broths. Tsis txhob noj zaub tshiab thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb txawv ntawm hom kab mob plab:
- Nrog nonspecific thiab ulcerative colitis, siv berries, lean nqaij, boiled qe, mucous cereals,cheese daim siab. Cov zaub mov yuav tsum tau noj sov. Cov khoom yog steamed los yog boiled. Koj yuav tsum noj zaub mov me me txhua 3 teev. Noj hmo yuav tsum tsis pub dhau 8 teev tsaus ntuj.
- Y Yog mob plab, noj legumes, qhob cij nrog bran, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, ncu ntses, kua zaub puree, jelly. Yog tias tsis muaj qhov mob, koj tuaj yeem siv cereals, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, diluted nrog dej. Tab sis qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov.
- Thaum lub sij hawm exacerbation ntawm o, nplej bran, qaug zog tshuaj yej, rosehip decoctions, mucous porridges, kissels yog pab tau. Cov khoom yuav tsum tau chew kom huv si. Tsis txhob noj zaub mov kub lossis txias.
- Thaum kev zam txim, cov khoom siv mis nyuj, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ci, tshuaj yej, nqaij ntshiv, zaub stewed yog xav tau. Cov zaub mov sov yog xav tau. Koj yuav tsum haus tsawg kawg 1.5-2 litres. Tsis txhob overeat.
- Y Yog tias koj cem quav, nws yog qhov zoo rau noj cov qhob cij wholemeal, lean pastries, biscuits qhuav, zib ntab, prunes. Cov zaub mov yuav tsum tau boiled los yog ci.
- Rau zawv plab siv cov qhob cij dawb qhuav, pasta, tsev cheese, buckwheat, tshuaj yej ntsuab. Koj yuav tsum noj tsawg kawg 5 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog kev noj haus. Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam. Colitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos tshwm sim thaum leej niam noj tsis zoo, yog li ntawd tus poj niam yuav tsum ua raws li cov zaub mov uas kws kho mob tau sau tseg.
Ntxiv rau kev kho tus menyuam txoj kev noj zaub mov zoo, nws yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua, uas yuav tso cai rau kev txheeb xyuas tus kabmob raws sijhawm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meemcwj pwm (cov hluas). Cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab lwm yam tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob muab yam tsis muaj kws kho mob sau ntawv. Kev kho mob raws sij hawm ntawm helminthic invasions, dysbacteriosis thiab plab hnyuv kab mob kuj yuav tsum tau. Ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev tiv thaiv yuav tiv thaiv cov kab mob tsis zoo xws li mob plab.
